Objective:To develop a deep learning-based segmentation model MT-UNet to automatically segment bone metastases and benign bone lesions in bone scintigraphy with SPECT/CT.Methods:A total of 93 patients (48 males and 45 females, age 28-84 years) who underwent bone SPECT/CT in the Department of Nuclear Medicine, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command from June 2023 to December 2023 were enrolled retrospectively in this study, with a total of 184 bone lesions (94 benign lesions and 90 metastatic tumors). The MT-UNet was employed to segment bone lesions in SPECT, CT and SPECT/CT images respectively. Comparative analysis with 8 segmentation models was performed. The training set and validation set were divided by using 5-fold cross-validation and transfer learning was introduced to further enhance the robustness of the model. An additional cohort of 22 patients (15 males and 7 females, age 37-87 years) who received bone SPECT/CT in the Department of Nuclear Medicine, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command from April 2023 to May 2023 were included, comprising 40 bone lesions (22 benign lesions and 18 metastatic tumors) as the test set of MT-UNet. Segmentation performance of different models was assessed using accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, AUC, intersection over union and Dice similarity coefficient (DSC). Delong test was used to compare the segmentation efficacy among different models in the test set.Results:In the validation set, MT-UNet demonstrated DSC of 0.940, 0.962, and 0.963 for SPECT, CT, and SPECT/CT bone lesion segmentation, respectively, which were outperformed other models. Following transfer learning implementation, the SPECT/CT model′s DSC was improved to 0.984. In the test set, MT-UNet maintained comparable segmentation performance to the validation set, with significant AUC differences among the three models ( Z values: from -15.42 to -9.27, all P<0.01). Compared with conventional image interpretation, MT-UNet-based segmentation reduced physician interpretation time from 164min to 102min. Conclusion:MT-UNet has shown good performance in automatic segmentation of bone metastases and benign bone lesions, and is expected to become an important part of SPECT/CT image intelligent diagnosis system for bone metastases.

Objective:To develop a deep learning-based segmentation model MT-UNet to automatically segment bone metastases and benign bone lesions in bone scintigraphy with SPECT/CT.Methods:A total of 93 patients (48 males and 45 females, age 28-84 years) who underwent bone SPECT/CT in the Department of Nuclear Medicine, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command from June 2023 to December 2023 were enrolled retrospectively in this study, with a total of 184 bone lesions (94 benign lesions and 90 metastatic tumors). The MT-UNet was employed to segment bone lesions in SPECT, CT and SPECT/CT images respectively. Comparative analysis with 8 segmentation models was performed. The training set and validation set were divided by using 5-fold cross-validation and transfer learning was introduced to further enhance the robustness of the model. An additional cohort of 22 patients (15 males and 7 females, age 37-87 years) who received bone SPECT/CT in the Department of Nuclear Medicine, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command from April 2023 to May 2023 were included, comprising 40 bone lesions (22 benign lesions and 18 metastatic tumors) as the test set of MT-UNet. Segmentation performance of different models was assessed using accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, AUC, intersection over union and Dice similarity coefficient (DSC). Delong test was used to compare the segmentation efficacy among different models in the test set.Results:In the validation set, MT-UNet demonstrated DSC of 0.940, 0.962, and 0.963 for SPECT, CT, and SPECT/CT bone lesion segmentation, respectively, which were outperformed other models. Following transfer learning implementation, the SPECT/CT model′s DSC was improved to 0.984. In the test set, MT-UNet maintained comparable segmentation performance to the validation set, with significant AUC differences among the three models ( Z values: from -15.42 to -9.27, all P<0.01). Compared with conventional image interpretation, MT-UNet-based segmentation reduced physician interpretation time from 164min to 102min. Conclusion:MT-UNet has shown good performance in automatic segmentation of bone metastases and benign bone lesions, and is expected to become an important part of SPECT/CT image intelligent diagnosis system for bone metastases.

【Objective】 To investigate the relationship between ABO blood types and the risk of malignant tumors in Chaoshan area, Guangdong. 【Methods】 Chi-square test was used to analyze the distribution of ABO blood types between 45 890 patients with malignant tumors from the Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College and 42 465 healthy blood donors from Shantou Central Blood Bank. 【Results】 Among the main types of malignant tumors, the distributions of ABO blood types in patients with esophageal cancer or head and neck cancer were significantly different from that in the normal population (χ²=11.16, P<0.05; χ²=74.36, P<0.05; respectively). People with type B were identified with high risk of esophageal cancer and head and neck cancer (OR=1.09, 95% CI=1.03-1.15, P<0.05; OR=1.46, 95% CI=1.34-1.60, P<0.05), whereas those with type A or O were identified with low risk of head and neck cancer (OR=0.87, 95% CI=0.79-0.96, P<0.05; OR=0.83, 95% CI=0.76-0.90, P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 ABO blood type distribution in patients with esophageal cancer or head and neck cancer in Chaoshan area may be different from that in normal population, suggesting that different ABO blood types may be associated with the risk of esophageal cancer and head and neck cancer.

Objective To evaluate the effect of comprehensive control for schistosomiasis with emphasis on environmental modification in the Bianmin River water system of Nanjing City.so as to provide scientific evidence for making up further control measures in this water system.Methods Schistosome infections of Oncomelania snails in the waterway.sentinel mice in water and neighbouring human were investigated longitudinally from 1998 to 2007,and the changes of huaman infection rates in differentyears,the infection rates of sentinel mice and snails in different settings were analyzed and compared.Results A total of 77 395 snails collected from the Bianmin River water system were dissected from 1998 to 2007,and among them,27 snails were infected with Schistosoma japonicum,with a total snail infection rate of 0.03%.A total of 61 039 snails collected from the neighbouring marshland which connected to the Yangtze River wore dissected,and among them,257 were infected with S.japonicum,with a total snail infection rate of 0.42%,and there was a significant difference compared with that in the water system(χ~2=248.55,P<0.01).After the protection works in the waterway,the infection rates of sentinel mice in the water system decreased from 69.68% in 1998 to 17.50% in 2001.with a reduction rate of 74.89%.Two years afterthe clearance ofmarshlandinthewaterway,no infected sentinel mouse was found.The infection rates of residents from 1998 to 2007 were 1.96%,1.37%,1.34%,1.60%,0.30%, 0.26%,0.16%,0.10%,0.04% and 0,respectively,andthe rates declined year by year afterthecomprehensive control.Conclusions The control measures based on the elimination of snail habitats in the waterway that is connected to the Yangtze River have achieved obvious effect.However,the clearance of the re-emerging snail habitats should be carried out termly to consolidate the control effect.

Objective To assess the efficacy of percutaneous transhepatie variceal embolization (PTVE) in treating esophageal and gastric variceal bleeding after esophageal-gastric devascularization with splenectomy in patients with liver cirrhosis. Methods Twenty-two patients, who had history of esophageal-gastric devascularization with splenectomy, were either underwent PTVE with TH glue (n=10) or endoscopic injection of sclerosis (EIS, n = 12) for treatment of esophageal or gastric variceal rebleeding between Nov. 2006 and Sep. 2008. The patients were followed-up for recurrent bleeding, mortality, grade of esophageal and gastric varices and liver function. Portal vein pressure was measured before and after collateral embolization in PTVE group. Results ① The patients were followed-up for 12.5 months in PTVE group and 13.4 months in EIS group. There was significant difference (P<0.05) between PTVE and EIS groups in rebleeding rate (1/10 vs 7/12) and mortality (0 vs 3/12). ② The degree of esophageal and gastric varices after embolization or EIS was improved significantly. ③ For patients with portal vein thrombosis, combination of PTVE with portal vein balloon plasty could markedly improve portal vein blood supply. ④ Neither PTVE nor EIS aggravated the liver cirrhosis. Conclusion Compared with EIS, PTVE with TH glue may be a more effiective method in the treatment of rebleeding of patients with liver cirrhosis who had accepted esophagealgastric devascularization with splenectomy.