Spinal surgical site infection (SSI), especially deep SSI after internal fixation is difficult in treatment, with long course of disease and poor prognosis. At present, there are many controversies in the diagnosis and treatment of spinal SSI, with unsatisfactory overall efficacy of its diagnosis and treatment. Besides, no diagnosis and treatment guideline based on evidence-based medicine has been in existence. To this end, the Spinal Infection Group of the Orthopedic Branch of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association and the Spinal Infection Group of the Spinal Surgery Branch of the Chinese Rehabilitation Medicine Association jointly organized relevant experts to formulate Evidence-based clinical guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of surgical site infection in spinal trauma ( version 2024) based on an evidence-based approach. A total of 10 recommendations were proposed on the diagnosis and treatment of spinal SSI, so as to provide a clinical reference for the diagnosis and treatment of spinal SSI.

Spinal surgical site infection (SSI), especially deep SSI after internal fixation is difficult in treatment, with long course of disease and poor prognosis. At present, there are many controversies in the diagnosis and treatment of spinal SSI, with unsatisfactory overall efficacy of its diagnosis and treatment. Besides, no diagnosis and treatment guideline based on evidence-based medicine has been in existence. To this end, the Spinal Infection Group of the Orthopedic Branch of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association and the Spinal Infection Group of the Spinal Surgery Branch of the Chinese Rehabilitation Medicine Association jointly organized relevant experts to formulate Evidence-based clinical guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of surgical site infection in spinal trauma ( version 2024) based on an evidence-based approach. A total of 10 recommendations were proposed on the diagnosis and treatment of spinal SSI, so as to provide a clinical reference for the diagnosis and treatment of spinal SSI.

Objective To explore the potential role and mechanism of compound tetramethylpyrazine in gastric cancer therapy by using network pharmacology analysis combined with gene function annotation and clinical data analysis.Methods SwissTargetPrediction database was used to screen the potential drug action sites of compound tetramethylpyrazine,and the OMIM and Genecard databases were used in combination to obtain gastric cancer-related targets.Intersection analysis was performed to identify potential therapeutic targets.Subsequently,the method of ClusterProfiler was used to perform functional annotation of the downstream targets of intersection.In addition,The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)database was used to obtain the original data of gastric cancer patients,and the immune infiltration analysis,miRNA analysis,transcriptional regulation analysis of key genes,gene set enrichment analysis(GSEA),gene set variation analysis(GSVA),nomogram model construction,and genome-wide association studies(GWAS)were performed.Results Through network pharmacological screening,we found 14 potential therapeutic targets through which tetramethylpyrazine acted on gastric cancer.Functional annotation showed that these targets were mainly involved in the pathways for hormone metabolism,drug metabolism,and signal transduction.Based on log rank test,the expression of the key genes,ELANE and MPO,showed significant difference in the comparison of gastric cancer survival curves(P＜0.05),and were closely associated with immune cell infiltration.In addition,GSEA and GSVA results suggested that ELANE and MPO might influence the development of gastric cancer through multiple signaling pathways.Conclusion In this study,by using multiple analysis methods in an integrated way,we found that ligustrazine may have therapeutic effects on gastric cancer by regulating the potential targets of ELANE and MPO,as well as the relevant signaling pathways.