Based on the concept of"two-stage,four-phase,and three-phase treatments"of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer(IVF-ET)assisted the whole-course management of TCM by national TCM master You Zhaoling,this article analyzed the treatment strategy assisted by acupuncture in five aspects:principle,method,prescription,acupoint,and technique.Principle:syndrome differentiation and treatment follow different cases;method establish guiding methods based on principles,while following stage diagnoses and treatments;prescription:determine the prescriptions based on therapeutic principles within the context of overall regulation;acupoint:precise acupoint taking and rational acupoint matching;technique:the primary method is acupuncture,supported by various therapeutic modalities,providing a comprehensive framework and evidence-based support for the clinical application of acupuncture and moxibustion in IVF-ET.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of nebulized inhalation of recombinant human interferon (IFN) α1b injection in the treatment of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) associated lower respiratory tract infections (pneumonia and bronchiolitis) in children.Methods:A randomized, double-blind, parallel, placebo-controlled add-on design was used.Children with pneumonia or bronchiolitis aged 2 months to 5 years who tested positive for RSV antigen within 72 hours of onset from 30 clinical trial sites including Beijing Children′s Hospital, Capital Medical University between February 2021 and December 2022 were included in this study and randomly divided into 2 groups at a ratio of 1∶1 based on a stratified-block method.Both groups received basic treatments such as cough control, asthma relieving, expectorant treatment, fever reduction, oxygen therapy, etc.The experimental group received additional nebulized inhalation of IFN α1b injection at a dose of 2.0 μg/(kg·time), twice a day.The control group received nebulized inhalation of placebo twice a day.Clinical efficacy was evaluated based on indicators such as the duration of clinical symptoms and signs, and the Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate the median and 95% CI of the duration of clinical symptoms and signs.The Log-rank test was used to compared data between groups.Safety was assessed through the incidence of adverse reactions and laboratory tests, and the Chi-square test was used to analyze the difference between groups. Results:There were 123 children in the experimental group and 122 children in the control group.The median durations of all the 5 clinical symptoms and signs [including shortness of breath, wheezing, dyspnea (visible retractions), decreased transcutaneous oxygen saturation, and abnormal mental state] in the experimental group after treatment were slightly shortened than those in the control group [2.7 d(95% CI: 1.9-3.0 d)] vs.[2.9 d(95% CI: 2.6-3.6 d), P=0.027].The improvement in dyspnea (retractions) was especially pronounced in the experimental group, with a relief rate of 50.0% (0, 100%) on the first day of administration[compared with 0 (0, 50.0%) in the control group ( Z=2.002, P=0.025)].The median duration of dyspnea in the experimental group was nearly 1 day shorter than that in the control group [1.0 d(95% CI: 0.7-1.7 d) vs.1.8 d(95% CI: 1.0-2.5 d), P=0.046].There were no significant difference in hospital stay [6.0(5.0, 8.0) d vs.6.5(5.0, 8.0) d, Z=0.675, P=0.500], oxygen therapy duration [32.0(14.0, 96.3) h vs.39.0 (24.0, 83.2) h, Z=0.094, P=0.925], the recovery rate from clinical symptoms during treatment [(105/106, 99.1%) vs.(96/101, 95.0%)], and recurrence rate [(0/106, 0) vs.(2/101, 2.0%)] between the 2 groups (all P>0.05).However, the above-mentioned four indicators in the experimental group showed a trend of clinical benefits.The quantitative virus detection results showed that the RSV viral load in both groups decreased after treatment compared to before treatment.After 2 days of treatment, the decline rate of RSV viral load from the baseline was 0.90 lg copies/(mL·d) in the experimental group and 0.25 lg copies/(mL·d)in the control group, with a statistically significant difference ( P<0.05).Furthermore, there was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the 2 groups ( P>0.05).Importantly, no drug-related serious adverse reactions occurred in both groups. Conclusions:The nebulized inhalation therapy of IFN α1b demonstrates efficacy and safety in treating pediatric RSV associated lower respiratory tract infections.It particularly offers outstanding clinical therapeutic value for severe children.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of nebulized inhalation of recombinant human interferon (IFN) α1b injection in the treatment of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) associated lower respiratory tract infections (pneumonia and bronchiolitis) in children.Methods:A randomized, double-blind, parallel, placebo-controlled add-on design was used.Children with pneumonia or bronchiolitis aged 2 months to 5 years who tested positive for RSV antigen within 72 hours of onset from 30 clinical trial sites including Beijing Children′s Hospital, Capital Medical University between February 2021 and December 2022 were included in this study and randomly divided into 2 groups at a ratio of 1∶1 based on a stratified-block method.Both groups received basic treatments such as cough control, asthma relieving, expectorant treatment, fever reduction, oxygen therapy, etc.The experimental group received additional nebulized inhalation of IFN α1b injection at a dose of 2.0 μg/(kg·time), twice a day.The control group received nebulized inhalation of placebo twice a day.Clinical efficacy was evaluated based on indicators such as the duration of clinical symptoms and signs, and the Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate the median and 95% CI of the duration of clinical symptoms and signs.The Log-rank test was used to compared data between groups.Safety was assessed through the incidence of adverse reactions and laboratory tests, and the Chi-square test was used to analyze the difference between groups. Results:There were 123 children in the experimental group and 122 children in the control group.The median durations of all the 5 clinical symptoms and signs [including shortness of breath, wheezing, dyspnea (visible retractions), decreased transcutaneous oxygen saturation, and abnormal mental state] in the experimental group after treatment were slightly shortened than those in the control group [2.7 d(95% CI: 1.9-3.0 d)] vs.[2.9 d(95% CI: 2.6-3.6 d), P=0.027].The improvement in dyspnea (retractions) was especially pronounced in the experimental group, with a relief rate of 50.0% (0, 100%) on the first day of administration[compared with 0 (0, 50.0%) in the control group ( Z=2.002, P=0.025)].The median duration of dyspnea in the experimental group was nearly 1 day shorter than that in the control group [1.0 d(95% CI: 0.7-1.7 d) vs.1.8 d(95% CI: 1.0-2.5 d), P=0.046].There were no significant difference in hospital stay [6.0(5.0, 8.0) d vs.6.5(5.0, 8.0) d, Z=0.675, P=0.500], oxygen therapy duration [32.0(14.0, 96.3) h vs.39.0 (24.0, 83.2) h, Z=0.094, P=0.925], the recovery rate from clinical symptoms during treatment [(105/106, 99.1%) vs.(96/101, 95.0%)], and recurrence rate [(0/106, 0) vs.(2/101, 2.0%)] between the 2 groups (all P>0.05).However, the above-mentioned four indicators in the experimental group showed a trend of clinical benefits.The quantitative virus detection results showed that the RSV viral load in both groups decreased after treatment compared to before treatment.After 2 days of treatment, the decline rate of RSV viral load from the baseline was 0.90 lg copies/(mL·d) in the experimental group and 0.25 lg copies/(mL·d)in the control group, with a statistically significant difference ( P<0.05).Furthermore, there was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the 2 groups ( P>0.05).Importantly, no drug-related serious adverse reactions occurred in both groups. Conclusions:The nebulized inhalation therapy of IFN α1b demonstrates efficacy and safety in treating pediatric RSV associated lower respiratory tract infections.It particularly offers outstanding clinical therapeutic value for severe children.

Based on the concept of"two-stage,four-phase,and three-phase treatments"of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer(IVF-ET)assisted the whole-course management of TCM by national TCM master You Zhaoling,this article analyzed the treatment strategy assisted by acupuncture in five aspects:principle,method,prescription,acupoint,and technique.Principle:syndrome differentiation and treatment follow different cases;method establish guiding methods based on principles,while following stage diagnoses and treatments;prescription:determine the prescriptions based on therapeutic principles within the context of overall regulation;acupoint:precise acupoint taking and rational acupoint matching;technique:the primary method is acupuncture,supported by various therapeutic modalities,providing a comprehensive framework and evidence-based support for the clinical application of acupuncture and moxibustion in IVF-ET.

This article mainly elaborated the acupuncture and moxibustion treatment scheme of"eighteen needles for reproduction"based on Professor You Zhaoling's reproductive axis theory of"heart-kidney-Chong Ren-uterus".The"eighteen needles for reproduction"aims to regulate the disordered reproductive axis in gynecological reproductive diseases.It selects the acupoints on the main viscera and meridians of the reproductive axis as the main acupoints,and the acupoints regulating the qi and blood of the related viscera as the matching acupoints.Through specific manipulation,it can regulate the qi and blood,dredge the meridians,and treat the viscera,so as to nourish the essence and help pregnancy,and provide ideas and reference for the treatment of gynecological reproductive diseases with acupuncture and moxibustion.

The laws of time and space connect man with heaven and earth.For women,the monthly rhythm is particularly closely related to menstruation and reproductive cycles.Professor You Zhaoling,a nationally renowned TCM practitioner,proposes"space-time theory"argument on female reproductive diseases based on the spatiotemporal patterns and characteristics of the female uterus,especially the patterns and interrelationships of terminals of genital chain.Under the guidance of this theory,the four stage sequential assisted pregnancy method and two-step method for preventing miscarriage with TCM characteristics were proposed,as well as their application in guiding special medication and sexual intercourse time,in order to improve clinical efficacy.

Exposure to particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) potentially triggers airway inflammation by activating nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). Sirtuin 2 (SIRT2) is a key modulator in inflammation. However, the function and specific mechanisms of SIRT2 in PM2.5-induced airway inflammation are largely understudied. Therefore, this work investigated the mechanisms of SIRT2 in regulating the phosphorylation and acetylation of p65 influenced by PM2.5-induced airway inflammation and bronchial hyperresponsiveness. Results revealed that PM2.5 exposure lowered the expression and activity of SIRT2 in bronchial tissues. Subsequently, SIRT2 impairment promoted the phosphorylation and acetylation of p65 and activated the NF-κB signaling pathway. The activation of p65 triggered airway inflammation, increment of mucus secretion by goblet cells, and acceleration of tracheal stenosis. Meanwhile, p65 phosphorylation and acetylation, airway inflammation, and bronchial hyperresponsiveness were deteriorated in SIRT2 knockout mice exposed to PM2.5. Triptolide (a specific p65 inhibitor) reversed p65 activation and ameliorated PM2.5-induced airway inflammation and bronchial hyperresponsiveness. Our findings provide novel insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the toxicity of PM2.5 exposure. Triptolide inhibition of p65 phosphorylation and acetylation could be an effective therapeutic approach in averting PM2.5-induced airway inflammation and bronchial hyperresponsiveness.
Animals ; Inflammation ; Mice ; NF-kappa B/metabolism* ; Particulate Matter/toxicity* ; Signal Transduction ; Sirtuin 2/metabolism* ; Transcription Factor RelA/metabolism*

Objective:To investigate the effect of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM1) targeted miR-133a-5p on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced alveolar epithelial A549 cell injury.Methods:Dual lucife-rase reporter assay was used to verify the ICAM1 targeted effect of miR-133a-5p.A549 cells were induced by LPS in vitro and divided into the control group, LPS group, LPS+ negative control(miR-NC) group, LPS+ miR-133a-5p group, LPS+ small interfering RNA(si)-NC group, and LPS+ si-ICAM1 group.The expression levels of miR-133a-5p and ICAM1 mRNA were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR.Apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry.The expression levels of ICAM1, Bcl-2, Bax and cleaved caspase-3 protein that could activate cysteine were detected by Western blot.The expression levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α) were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay kit. Results:Compared with the control group, the LPS group had a decreased expression level of miR-133a-5p (0.39±0.04 vs.1.00±0.09) in A549 cells, increased expression of ICAM1 (0.86±0.08 vs.0.39±0.03), an increased apoptotic rate [(27.65±2.47)% vs.(8.13±0.89)%], and increased secretion of IL-6 [(624.59 ± 51.42) ng/L vs.(194.25±18.43) ng/L] and TNF-α [(548.35±51.42) ng/L vs.(174.26±19.43) ng/L]. The differences were significant (all P<0.05). Compared with the LPS+ miR-NC group, the apoptosis rate of A549 cells [(13.46±1.38)% vs.(28.71±2.54)%] in LPS+ miR-133a-5p group were significantly decreased, and the secretion of IL-6 [(296.43±23.51) ng/L vs.(635.86±55.41) ng/L] and TNF-α [(321.14±30.56) ng/L vs.(563.24±49.52) ng/L] was significantly decreased (all P<0.05). Compared with LPS+ si-NC group, the apoptosis rate of A549 cells [(13.65±1.64)% vs.(23.51±2.33)%] in LPS+ si-ICAM1 group was significantly decreased, and the secretion of IL-6 [(324.15±29.41) ng/L vs.(625.39±52.59) ng/L] and TNF-α [(334.65±20.46) ng/L vs.(534.97±51.42) ng/L] were significantly decreased (all P<0.05). Conclusions:miR-133a-5p can alleviate LPS-induced alveolar epithelial cell injury, and the mechanism may be related to down-regulation of ICAM1 expression.

Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (NCP) is a class B infectious disease, which is prevented and controlled according to class A infectious diseases. Recently, children′s NCP cases have gradually increased, and children′s fever outpatient department has become the first strategic pass to stop the epidemic. Strengthening the management of the fever diagnosis process is very important for early detection of suspected children, early isolation, early treatment and prevention of cross-infection. This article proposes prevention and control strategies for fever diagnosis, optimizes processes, prevents cross-infection, health protection and disinfection of medical staff, based on the relevant diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control programs of the National Health and Health Commission and on the diagnosis and treatment experience of experts in various provinces and cities. The present guidance summarizes current strategies on pre-diagnosis; triage, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of 2019-nCoV infection in common fever, suspected and confirmed children, which provide practical suggestions on strengthening the management processes of children′s fever in outpatient department during the novel coronavirus pneumonia epidemic period.

Objective To investigate the prevalent feature of children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infection in Xi'an region from Jan.2015 to Dec.2016.Methods From Jan.2015 to Dec.2016,9 648 cases with acute lower respiratory tract infection in xijing hospital were given serum test of the antibody of Mycoplasma pneumoniae by ELISA.Results A total of 9 648 cases with lower respiratory tract infection in children in xijing hospital received MP antibody detection,the positive cases were 2 971,the total positive rate was 30.79 ％.MP-IgM antibody positive rates between different age groups had significant differences,in which infants' group has the lowest(7.00 ％),and with the age growing,the positive rate increased.The positive rates in different age groups of toddler,preschool age,and school age were 27.29 ％,36.10 ％ and 37.76 ％ respec tively.The positive rates of MP-IgM antibody in different quarter were different.The highest antibody positive rate was found in the first quarter (January-March),followed by the fourth quarter,the third quarter and the second quarter.The difference was statistically significant (P＜0.01).Conclusion There was MP infection prevalence in Xi'an from 2015 to 2016.The positive rate in children increased with the age,the peak of infection was in the first quarter,so the detection and prevention of MP should be strengthened at that time of the year.