The incidence of intracranial aneurysms is high, which is the first cause of spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage. The preparation of animal models for intracranial aneurysms is becoming increasingly mature, and has played an important role in research fields of etiology and intervention materials for intracranial aneurysms. This article reviews preparation methods and animal selection of animal model for intracranial aneurysms.

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) accounts for about 13%~17% of primary bronchial lung cancer. Due to its rapid growth rate, aggressive behavior, early metastasis and poor prognosis, about 70% of patients were diagnosed with extensive-stage (ES) disease. Although most ES-SCLC patients are sensitive to initial chemotherapy, local recurrence and distant metastasis develop in the short term. Immunotherapy has brought the dawn to overcome it. At present, immune checkpoint inhibitor combined with chemotherapy has become an important strategy as first-line therapy for ES-SCLC. Nevertheless, patients are still at a high risk of chest lesion recurrence after initial systemic therapy. Whether the addition of thoracic consolidation radiotherapy (TRT) can reduce chest lesion recurrence rate remains to be determined. In this review, we summarized the latest research progress in the mode of first-line chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy followed by TRT in ES-SCLC, aiming to provide reference for clinical practice.

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) accounts for about 13%~17% of primary bronchial lung cancer. Due to its rapid growth rate, aggressive behavior, early metastasis and poor prognosis, about 70% of patients were diagnosed with extensive-stage (ES) disease. Although most ES-SCLC patients are sensitive to initial chemotherapy, local recurrence and distant metastasis develop in the short term. Immunotherapy has brought the dawn to overcome it. At present, immune checkpoint inhibitor combined with chemotherapy has become an important strategy as first-line therapy for ES-SCLC. Nevertheless, patients are still at a high risk of chest lesion recurrence after initial systemic therapy. Whether the addition of thoracic consolidation radiotherapy (TRT) can reduce chest lesion recurrence rate remains to be determined. In this review, we summarized the latest research progress in the mode of first-line chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy followed by TRT in ES-SCLC, aiming to provide reference for clinical practice.

Hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is mostly single in basal ganglia, thalamus and pons. Simultaneous hemorrhage in other brain regions is relatively rare, accounting for only 5.6% of all hemorrhagic strokes, while bilateral symmetrical hemorrhage is extremely rare. A case of bilateral basal ganglia symmetrical hemorrhage is reported for clinical reference.

The symptoms of pulmonary nodules are insidious,with inflammatory nodules,inflammatory granuloma,early invasive cancer and lung cancer,and the clinical differential diagnosis is still difficult.Regular CT follow-up observation of most pulmonary nodules provides a"window period"for TCM Intervention in pulmonary nodules.From the aspects of external cold attacking the lung,dense cold and humid geographical environment,cold diet,summer air conditioning,etc.,this paper considers that the soaking of cold pathogenic factors is the basic cause of the formation of pulmonary nodules,and cold phlegm are the basic pathogenesis of pulmonary nodules.The clinical manifestations of cold phlegm in pulmonary nodules are summarized from the two actual situations that can be distinguished from clinical symptoms and no symptoms.It is proposed that Mahuang Fuzi Xixin Decoction and Sanzi Yangqin decoction are the basic formulas,Discussion on the treatment of pulmonary nodules by warming yang and dispelling cold to cure the root cause,eliminating phlegm and softening hard mass to treat the symptoms;Improve the ability of TCM diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary nodules.

Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics and pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women with left ventricular non-compaction (LVNC).Methods:The clinical data of seven pregnant women with LVNC from January 2011 to December 2021 in Beijing Anzhen Hospital,Capital Medical University were retrospectively analyzed, including age, gestational age of symptom first occured, LVNC history, clinical symptoms, New York Heart Association (NYHA) cardiac function class, echocardiography, blood brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), treatment and the maternal and fetal outcomes.Results:Five cases were diagnosed before pregnancy, of which there were three women with medication; one case diagnosed in the month of pregnancy; one case diagnosed at 36 weeks of gestation. NYHA cardiac function was grade Ⅰ in four cases and grade Ⅱ in three cases before or during the first trimester of pregnancy. Of the five pregnant women who underwent echocardiography, there were one case of left ventricular insufficiency, three cases of mild left ventricular dysfunction and one case of normal left ventricular function before or during the first trimester of pregnancy. Of the five pregnant women to the second and third trimester of pregnancy, there were one case of grade Ⅳ, one case of grade Ⅲ, two cases of grade Ⅱ-Ⅲ and one case of grade Ⅱ in NYHA class ; three cases of left ventricular insufficiency, two cases of normal left ventricular function by echocardiography four cases had cardiac symptoms at 15-24 weeks of gestation and were treated with medication. In four cases, blood BNP increased to 214-1 197 ng/L during pregnancy, and were 89-106 ng/L after termination of pregnancy. There were 4 cases with arrhythmia. Indications for termination of pregnancy: LVNC complicated with heart failure in two cases, LVNC complicated with decreased cardiac function and threatened preterm birth in one case, complicated with pregnancy at full term in two cases, LVNC complicated with severe pulmonary hypertension in one case, and left ventricular dysfunction in one case. Cesarean section in four cases in the third-trimester, in one case in the second-trimester, and forceps curettage in two cases were taken. Two full-term infants,two preterm infants were born without LVNC.Conclusions:Women diagnosed with LVNC and low left ventricular ejection fraction before pregnancy are more prone to decreased cardiac function during pregnancy. Carrying out pregnancy risk assessment and strengthening the multi-disciplinary team management of high risk factors in pregnancy are conducive to achieve good pregnancy outcomes.

Antibodies, Antiphospholipid ; Antiphospholipid Syndrome ; Female ; Humans ; Killer Cells, Natural ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications

Objective:To explore the efficacy and safety of intraarterial microguidewire electrocoagulation in arterial aneurysms.Methods:(1) SilverSpeed, a kind of microguidewire used in clinical intravascular treatment for intracranial aneurysms, was used to conduct in vitro electrolysis gas generation experiment with isolated arterial blood of anticoagulant New Zealand white rabbits as medium, and thrombus attachment on the surface of microguidewire was observed under scanning electron microscope. (2) Rabbit common carotid artery aneurysm models were established by using vein bag transplantation method, and divided into microguidewire electrocoagulation treatment groups ( n=40) and blank control group ( n=10). The number of closured tumor cavity and the quality of formed thrombus were observed after electrocoagulation simulation treatment with SilverSpeed microguidewire (charging at 6, 9, 12, 15, and 18 V voltage, respectively for 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 min). DSA was used to observe whether there was ruptured aneurysms or thrombosis of parent artery. Twelve h later, head MRI diffusion weighted sequence scan was performed to detect whether there were new cerebral ischemia foci in the distal cerebral blood supply area of the parent artery. DSA was performed again 6 months after surgery to observe whether the aneurysms recurred. Results:(1) Electrolytic gas generation experiment results showed that bubbles were generated after electrification of SilverSpeed microguidewire; the higher the voltage, the more severe the reaction. Scanning electron microscope showed that thrombus attached to the surface of the microguidewire after electrification in isolated blood; and the higher the voltage, the denser the thrombus. (2) Under the same charging time, the higher the voltage, the larger the number of closured tumor cavity in rabbits of the microguidewire electrocoagulation treatment groups. Under the same voltage, the longer the charging time, the better the quality of thrombosis. Ischemic events occurred only in the microguidewire electrocoagulation treatment group with voltage>9 V, and the charging duration was not associated with the incidence of embolic events. When the voltage was 15 V, 2 experimental rabbits died due to aneurysm rupture 3 min after electrification. When the voltage was 18 V, 4 experimental rabbits died of cardiac arrest 9 min after electrification, and another 2 rabbits died of aneurysm rupture 6 min after electrification.Conclusions:High voltage is the main cause of adverse events in the microguidewire electrocoagulation treatment of aneurysms. After setting the appropriate voltage, prolonging the electrification time can improve the electrocoagulation effect without increasing the safety risk.

Objective To observe the effect of diabetes base education combined with peer education on blood glucose control,metabolic index and self management level in type 2 diabetes patients.Methods 150 patients with type 2 diabetes were randomly divided into 3 groups.Group A received diabetes base education,Group B received peer education group,and group C received peer education joint base education group.Before treatment and 6 months after treatment,fasting blood glucose (FPG),postprandial blood glucose (2 h PG),glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1 c),triglyceride (TG),cholesterol (TC),low density lipoprotein (LDL-C),high density lipoprotein (HDL-C),systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure change,body mass index (BMI) were observed,so as to evalute the diabetes self-management behavior at the same time before and after treatment.Results After 6 months of intervention,FPG,2 h PG,HbAlc,TG,TC,LDL-C,HDL-C,blood pressure,body weight and other metabolic indicators in the three groups were significantly improved (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference between the group A and group B on the improvement of blood glucose control and metabolic indexes (P ＞ 0.05).In group C,the blood glucose control index (FPG,2 h PG,HbAlc) and the improvement of blood lipid were obviously superior to those in the group A and B (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The combination of base education and peer education can improve blood glucose control and blood lipid level in patients with type 2 diabetes,and can also promote self-management behavior in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Aim To develop a HPLC method for the determination of the concentration of 1,8-TMP rhein in rat plasma and study the pharmacokinetics of 1,8-TMP rhein in rat plasma after single dose i. v. administration of 1,8-TMP rhein (2, 4, 8 mg·kg - 1 ). Methods Emodin was used as an internal standard. Plasma sam-ples were extracted with methanol and analyzed by HPLC. The mobile phase was methanol - 0. 1% for-mic acid water (78 ∶ 22, V/ V), with a flow rate of 1. 0 mL·min - 1 and UV 275 nm as the detection wave-length. The plasma concentration of 1,8-TMP rhein in rats was determined by HPLC after single-dose intrave-nous injection in rats with 2,4 and 8 mg·kg - 1 of 1,8-TMP rhein, and the pharmacokinetic parameters were caclulated by DAS 2. 1. Results The result of cali-bration curve was linear over the range of 0. 05 ~ 10. 00 mg·L - 1 (r = 0. 996 2). The lower limit of quantifica-tion was 0. 05 mg · L - 1 . The intra-day and inter-day precision (RSD% ) were both lower than 6% , and the extraction recoveries were higher than 88% , respec-tively. The validated method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study after i. v. administration of 1,8-TMP rhein in rats with a dose of 2,4 and 8 mg· kg - 1 . The T1 / 2 was (68. 35 ± 1. 36), (69. 32 ± 2. 1) and (69. 32 ± 2. 03) min, respectively. The AUC0 - t was ( 101. 03 ± 24. 90 ), ( 144. 79 ± 3. 29 ) and (231. 92 ± 19. 30 ) min · mg · L - 1 , respectively. Conclusion A simple and specific HPLC method for the analysis of 1,8-TMP rhein is successfully developed and applied to a pharmacokinetic study in rat plasma.