Objective To explore the medium-and long-term efficacy of modified approach arthroscopy in the treatment of ischial tuberosity cysts in middle-aged and elderly people.Methods Clinical data of 19 cases of ischial tuberosity cyst treated arthroscopically from January 2018 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed.The cyst wall was removed by using the central approach of the ischial tuberosity cyst and the 3-5 cm approach of the cyst to the outside of the buttocks.Results The operation time was 30-45 min(mean,36.2±4.8 min).The Visual Analogue Scale(VAS)scores of the pain on the 1st,7th,and 28th d after surgery were 2-6(mean,3.7±1.1),1-4(mean,1.9±0.9),and 0-1(mean,0.5±0.2),respectively.There were 18 cases of incision grade A healing and 1 case of grade B healing.The total hospitalization time was 3-6 d(mean,3.8±1.1 d).There were no complications such as incision infection and subcutaneous hematoma.The 19 cases were followed up for 40-81 months(mean,60.5±10.2 months),and 1 case had cyst recurrence at 3 months after surgery.Conclusion The modified approach arthroscopy is safe and effective in the treatment of ischial tuberosity cysts,having satisfactory medium-and long-term efficacy.

Objective To explore the medium-and long-term efficacy of modified approach arthroscopy in the treatment of ischial tuberosity cysts in middle-aged and elderly people.Methods Clinical data of 19 cases of ischial tuberosity cyst treated arthroscopically from January 2018 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed.The cyst wall was removed by using the central approach of the ischial tuberosity cyst and the 3-5 cm approach of the cyst to the outside of the buttocks.Results The operation time was 30-45 min(mean,36.2±4.8 min).The Visual Analogue Scale(VAS)scores of the pain on the 1st,7th,and 28th d after surgery were 2-6(mean,3.7±1.1),1-4(mean,1.9±0.9),and 0-1(mean,0.5±0.2),respectively.There were 18 cases of incision grade A healing and 1 case of grade B healing.The total hospitalization time was 3-6 d(mean,3.8±1.1 d).There were no complications such as incision infection and subcutaneous hematoma.The 19 cases were followed up for 40-81 months(mean,60.5±10.2 months),and 1 case had cyst recurrence at 3 months after surgery.Conclusion The modified approach arthroscopy is safe and effective in the treatment of ischial tuberosity cysts,having satisfactory medium-and long-term efficacy.

Objective:To investigate the association between oxygen saturation (SpO 2) and risk of 3-year all-cause mortality among Chinese older adults aged 65 or over. Methods:The participants were enrolled from Healthy Aging and Biomarkers Cohort Study in year of 2012 to 2014 in 9 longevity areas in China. In this prospective cohort study, 2 287 participants aged 65 or over were enrolled. Data on SpO 2 and body measurements were collected at baseline in 2012, and data on survival outcome and time of mortality were collected at the follow-up in 2014. Participants were divided into two groups according to whether SpO 2 was abnormal (SpO 2<94% was defined as abnormal). Results:The 2 287 participants were (86.5±12.2) years old, 1 006 were males (44.0%), and 315 (13.8%) were abnormal in SpO 2. During follow-up in 2014, 452 were died, 1 434 were survived, and 401 were lost to follow-up. The all-cause mortality rate was 19.8%, and the follow-up rate was 82.5%. The mortality rate of SpO 2 in normal group was 21.1%, and that of abnormal group was 41.6% ( P<0.001). After adjusting for confounding factors, compared to participants with normal SpO 2, participants with abnormal SpO 2 had increased risk of all-cause mortality with HR (95% CI) of 1.62 (1.31-2.02); HR (95 % CI) was 1.49 (0.98-2.26) for males and 1.71 (1.30-2.26) for females in abnormal SpO 2group, respectively; HR (95% CI) was 2.70 (0.98-7.44) for aged 65-79 years old, 1.22 (0.63-2.38) for aged 80-89 years old, and 1.72 (1.35-2.19) for aged over 90 years old in abnormal SpO 2 group, respectively. Conclusion:Abnormal SpO 2 was responsible for increased risk of 3-year all-cause mortality among Chinese elderly adults.

Objective:To investigate the association between oxygen saturation (SpO 2) and risk of 3-year all-cause mortality among Chinese older adults aged 65 or over. Methods:The participants were enrolled from Healthy Aging and Biomarkers Cohort Study in year of 2012 to 2014 in 9 longevity areas in China. In this prospective cohort study, 2 287 participants aged 65 or over were enrolled. Data on SpO 2 and body measurements were collected at baseline in 2012, and data on survival outcome and time of mortality were collected at the follow-up in 2014. Participants were divided into two groups according to whether SpO 2 was abnormal (SpO 2<94% was defined as abnormal). Results:The 2 287 participants were (86.5±12.2) years old, 1 006 were males (44.0%), and 315 (13.8%) were abnormal in SpO 2. During follow-up in 2014, 452 were died, 1 434 were survived, and 401 were lost to follow-up. The all-cause mortality rate was 19.8%, and the follow-up rate was 82.5%. The mortality rate of SpO 2 in normal group was 21.1%, and that of abnormal group was 41.6% ( P<0.001). After adjusting for confounding factors, compared to participants with normal SpO 2, participants with abnormal SpO 2 had increased risk of all-cause mortality with HR (95% CI) of 1.62 (1.31-2.02); HR (95 % CI) was 1.49 (0.98-2.26) for males and 1.71 (1.30-2.26) for females in abnormal SpO 2group, respectively; HR (95% CI) was 2.70 (0.98-7.44) for aged 65-79 years old, 1.22 (0.63-2.38) for aged 80-89 years old, and 1.72 (1.35-2.19) for aged over 90 years old in abnormal SpO 2 group, respectively. Conclusion:Abnormal SpO 2 was responsible for increased risk of 3-year all-cause mortality among Chinese elderly adults.

Objective: To investigate the association between estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and all-cause mortality in the elderly aged 65 years and older in longevity areas in China. Methods: Data used in this study were obtained from Healthy Aging and Biomarkers Cohort Study, a sub-cohort of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey, 1 802 elderly adults were collected in the study during 2012-2017/2018. In this study, the elderly were classified into 4 groups, moderate-to-severe group [<45 ml·min^-1·(1.73 m²)^-1], mild-to-moderate group [45- ml·min^-1·(1.73 m²)^-1], mild group [60- ml·min^-1·(1.73 m²)^-1] and normal group [≥90 ml·min^-1·(1.73 m²)^-1] according to their eGFR levels. Results: After 6 years of follow-up, 852 participants died, with a mortality rate of 47.3%. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the levels of eGFR were negatively correlated with all-cause mortality risk in the elderly (the HR of elderly was 0.993 and the 95%CI was 0.989-0.997 for every unit of eGFR increased, P=0.001), while compared with the group with normal eGFR, the HRs (95%CI) of the elderly in the moderate-to-severe group, mild-to-moderate group, and mild group were 1.690 (1.224-2.332, P=0.001), 1.312 (0.978-1.758, P=0.070), 1.349 (1.047-1.737, P=0.020) respectively [trend test P<0.001]. Conclusion The decrease in eGFR was associated with higher mortality risk among the elderly in longevity areas in China.

Objective:To investigate the association of cadmium exposure with liver function among adults in a non-ferrous metal mining area in Guangxi.Methods:A total of 310 residents aged 18 and above were recruited from 5 heavy metals polluted villages in a non-ferrous metal mining area in Guangxi from 2013 to 2014. The general demographic characteristics, blood cadmium levels and indicators of liver function index [Total bilirubin (TBIL), Glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (AST), Alanine transaminase (ALT) and Glutamine transaminase (GGT)] were obtained by using questionnaire, physical examination and laboratory test. The blood cadmium levels were divided into quartiles as Q1- Q4 groups (using Q1 group as the reference).Multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the correlation between the blood cadmium level and functional liver index. Results:The age of subjects was (49.2±15.4) years, and 112 (36.1%) subjects were male residents. The prevalence of abnormal rates of TBIL,AST,ALT and GGT were 17.4% (54), 19.7% (61), 10.7% (33) and 11.9% (37), respectively. The geometric mean value of cadmium levels in adults was 3.72(95% CI: 3.43-4.02) μg/L. After adjusting for age, gender, body mass index (BMI), smoking, drinking, total cholesterol, hypertriglyceridemia and other factors, the risk of abnormal AST index in the highest concentration of blood cadmium group ( Q4) was higher than that in the lowest concentration of blood cadmium group ( Q1) ( OR=2.92, 95%CI:1.07-7.98). Conclusion:The level of blood cadmium exposure is higher than the reference value of general population in China, and the elevated cadmium exposure is related to the increasing risk of AST abnormality.

Objective:To investigate the association of cadmium exposure with liver function among adults in a non-ferrous metal mining area in Guangxi.Methods:A total of 310 residents aged 18 and above were recruited from 5 heavy metals polluted villages in a non-ferrous metal mining area in Guangxi from 2013 to 2014. The general demographic characteristics, blood cadmium levels and indicators of liver function index [Total bilirubin (TBIL), Glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (AST), Alanine transaminase (ALT) and Glutamine transaminase (GGT)] were obtained by using questionnaire, physical examination and laboratory test. The blood cadmium levels were divided into quartiles as Q1- Q4 groups (using Q1 group as the reference).Multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the correlation between the blood cadmium level and functional liver index. Results:The age of subjects was (49.2±15.4) years, and 112 (36.1%) subjects were male residents. The prevalence of abnormal rates of TBIL,AST,ALT and GGT were 17.4% (54), 19.7% (61), 10.7% (33) and 11.9% (37), respectively. The geometric mean value of cadmium levels in adults was 3.72(95% CI: 3.43-4.02) μg/L. After adjusting for age, gender, body mass index (BMI), smoking, drinking, total cholesterol, hypertriglyceridemia and other factors, the risk of abnormal AST index in the highest concentration of blood cadmium group ( Q4) was higher than that in the lowest concentration of blood cadmium group ( Q1) ( OR=2.92, 95%CI:1.07-7.98). Conclusion:The level of blood cadmium exposure is higher than the reference value of general population in China, and the elevated cadmium exposure is related to the increasing risk of AST abnormality.

OBJECTIVE:To develop a detection LC-MS/MS method for global DNA methylation in medicinal plants. METH-ODS:Genomic DNA was isolated using plant DNA extraction kit,and then hydrolyzed by 88% formic acid at 140 ℃. After dried with nitrogen,extracted DNA was dissolved again with mobile phase. LC separation was performed on HILIC column with mobile phase consisted of 7 mmol/L ammonium formate-acetonitrile (gradient elution) at flow rate of 0.3 ml/min. The analysis was con-ducted by tandem MS with positive ion electrospray ionization in multiple reaction monitoring(MRM)mode. The ratio of genomic DNA methylation in 10 commonly used medicinal plants was calculated. RESULTS:The linear ranges of Cyt and 5mC were 1-500 ng/ml(r=0.999 5)and 0.2-100 ng/ml(r=0.999 6). The relative standard deviations(RSDs)of accuracy were 1.12% and 3.68%(n=6). The RSDs of intra-day precision were 2.36% and 4.02% for Cyt and 5mC,respectively (n=5). The RSDs of inter-day precision were 1.04% and 3.54% for Cyt and 5mC,respectively (n=3). The RSDs of repeatability test were 1.53% and 3.27%for Cyt and 5mC,respectively(n=6). The recoveries of Cyt and 5mC were 98.7%-102.1% and 91.2%-103.5%. The percentages of global DNA methylation in 10 medicinal plants were ranged from 17.63% to 25.18%. CONCLUSIONS:LC-MS/MS method is simple,rapid,sensitive and precise,and can be used for the detection of global DNA methylation in medicinal plants.

Objective To analyze impact factors for resolving cases of medical disputes with people's mediation mechanism,for improvement of this mechanism.Methods This paper picked 273 cases mediated by Guangdong Medical Dispute People Meditation Committee from June 2010 to December 2011,for analysis from doctor-factors,patient-factors,mediator-factors and composite factors.Results Under such mechanism,doctor-factor has not significant difference on the mediation success ratio and mediation timeliness of the cases; the success rates of cases of death,disability,and no obvious impairment suffered by patients are 68.57％,55.81％ and 76.80％ respectively.Such results are found by chi-square test as P＜0.05,significant statistically.With cases reported via hospitals,the mediation timeliness is much better than other cases.Conclusion The mechanism is advantageous in effectively avoiding influences of case factors,yet emphasis should be placed on mediation of disability cases,and doctors should be encouraged to report the cases,contributing to higher success rate of mediation.