Background:To compare the efficacy and safety of monthly administrations of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists LY01005 and Zoladex ? in Chinese patients with premenopausal breast cancer. Methods:From October 2020 to November 2021, 188 premenopausal breast cancer patients were enrolled in 34 hospitals and randomized 1:1 to receive either LY01005 or Zoladex ? every 28 days for a total of three injections. All patients concomitantly received oral tamoxifen (TAM). The primary efficacy endpoint was cumulative probability of maintaining menopausal level [oestradiol (E2) ≤30 pg/ml] from day 29 to day 85. The second efficacy endpoint included changes in E2, luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) compared with the baseline. Pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD), and safety were analyzed. The study also evaluated the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of LY01005. Results:A total of 188 patients were randomised and 187 patients received either LY01005 or Zoladex ?. Cumulative probabilities of maintaining menopausal level (E2≤30 pg/ml) from day 29 to day 85 were 93.1% for LY01005 and 86.3% for Zoladex ?. The between-group difference was 6.8% (95% CI: -2.3%, 15.9%) and primary efficacy in the LY01005 group was not inferior to that in the Zoladex ? group. Changes in E2, LH, and FSH levels compared with the baseline were equivalent between the two groups (E2: 89.34% to 90.23% vs. 82.11% to 85.02%; LH: 88.89% to 95.52% vs. 89.70% to 97.02%; FSH: 75.36% to 80.85% vs.73.07% to 80.24%, respectively). After three consecutive doses of LY01005, the LH and FSH levels of the subjects showed a transient increase after the first dose, reached a peak on the second day and then started to decrease. The LH and FSH reached a lower level and remained at or below that level until the 85th day. Both treatments were well-tolerated. Conclusion:LY01005 is as effective as Zoladex ? in suppressing E2 to menopausal levels in Chinese patients with premenopausal breast cancer, with a similar safety profile.

Objective·To investigate the bidirectional causal relationships between celiac disease(CeD)and Hashimoto thyroiditis(HT)as well as Graves disease(GD),using a two-sample Mendelian randomization(MR)approach.Methods·Single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)related to CeD,HT and GD were extracted from publicly available Genome-Wide Association Studies(GWAS)databases and used as instrumental variables.The inverse-variance weighted(IVW)method served as the primary analytical approach,supplemented by MR-Egger,weighted median(WME)and weighted mode(WMO)methods,to evaluate the causal associations between CeD and both HT and GD.Replication analyses using alternative GWAS datasets were conducted to validate the robustness of the results.Heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran's Q test,and pleiotropy was evaluated via MR-Egger intercept test.Leave-one-out analyses were performed to assess the impact of individual SNPs on the results.Results·The IVW analysis results indicated that genetically predicted CeD significantly increased the risk of HT[discovery group:OR=1.186(95%CI 1.114?1.262),P<0.001;replication group:OR=1.218(95%CI 1.090?1.361),P<0.001]and GD[discovery group:OR=1.214(95%CI 1.155?1.276),P<0.001;replication group:OR=1.273(95%CI 1.161?1.396),P<0.001].However,reverse MR analyses did not provide evidence for a causal relationship between HT and CeD,while genetically predicted GD significantly increased the risk of CeD[discovery group:OR=1.259(95%CI 1.006?1.576),P=0.044;replication group:OR=1.387(95%CI 1.233?1.560),P<0.001].Sensitivity analyses suggested that the results were not influenced by horizontal pleiotropy.Conclusion·CeD may be causally associated with a higher risk of HT and GD,while GD may increase the risk of developing CeD.HT does not appear to have an impact on CeD.

Objective·To investigate the bidirectional causal relationships between celiac disease(CeD)and Hashimoto thyroiditis(HT)as well as Graves disease(GD),using a two-sample Mendelian randomization(MR)approach.Methods·Single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)related to CeD,HT and GD were extracted from publicly available Genome-Wide Association Studies(GWAS)databases and used as instrumental variables.The inverse-variance weighted(IVW)method served as the primary analytical approach,supplemented by MR-Egger,weighted median(WME)and weighted mode(WMO)methods,to evaluate the causal associations between CeD and both HT and GD.Replication analyses using alternative GWAS datasets were conducted to validate the robustness of the results.Heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran's Q test,and pleiotropy was evaluated via MR-Egger intercept test.Leave-one-out analyses were performed to assess the impact of individual SNPs on the results.Results·The IVW analysis results indicated that genetically predicted CeD significantly increased the risk of HT[discovery group:OR=1.186(95%CI 1.114?1.262),P<0.001;replication group:OR=1.218(95%CI 1.090?1.361),P<0.001]and GD[discovery group:OR=1.214(95%CI 1.155?1.276),P<0.001;replication group:OR=1.273(95%CI 1.161?1.396),P<0.001].However,reverse MR analyses did not provide evidence for a causal relationship between HT and CeD,while genetically predicted GD significantly increased the risk of CeD[discovery group:OR=1.259(95%CI 1.006?1.576),P=0.044;replication group:OR=1.387(95%CI 1.233?1.560),P<0.001].Sensitivity analyses suggested that the results were not influenced by horizontal pleiotropy.Conclusion·CeD may be causally associated with a higher risk of HT and GD,while GD may increase the risk of developing CeD.HT does not appear to have an impact on CeD.

Background:To compare the efficacy and safety of monthly administrations of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists LY01005 and Zoladex ? in Chinese patients with premenopausal breast cancer. Methods:From October 2020 to November 2021, 188 premenopausal breast cancer patients were enrolled in 34 hospitals and randomized 1:1 to receive either LY01005 or Zoladex ? every 28 days for a total of three injections. All patients concomitantly received oral tamoxifen (TAM). The primary efficacy endpoint was cumulative probability of maintaining menopausal level [oestradiol (E2) ≤30 pg/ml] from day 29 to day 85. The second efficacy endpoint included changes in E2, luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) compared with the baseline. Pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD), and safety were analyzed. The study also evaluated the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of LY01005. Results:A total of 188 patients were randomised and 187 patients received either LY01005 or Zoladex ?. Cumulative probabilities of maintaining menopausal level (E2≤30 pg/ml) from day 29 to day 85 were 93.1% for LY01005 and 86.3% for Zoladex ?. The between-group difference was 6.8% (95% CI: -2.3%, 15.9%) and primary efficacy in the LY01005 group was not inferior to that in the Zoladex ? group. Changes in E2, LH, and FSH levels compared with the baseline were equivalent between the two groups (E2: 89.34% to 90.23% vs. 82.11% to 85.02%; LH: 88.89% to 95.52% vs. 89.70% to 97.02%; FSH: 75.36% to 80.85% vs.73.07% to 80.24%, respectively). After three consecutive doses of LY01005, the LH and FSH levels of the subjects showed a transient increase after the first dose, reached a peak on the second day and then started to decrease. The LH and FSH reached a lower level and remained at or below that level until the 85th day. Both treatments were well-tolerated. Conclusion:LY01005 is as effective as Zoladex ? in suppressing E2 to menopausal levels in Chinese patients with premenopausal breast cancer, with a similar safety profile.

Objective To make a comparison of transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and cardiac multi-slice spiral computed tomography (MSCT) in the diagnosis of partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection (PAPVC) in children.Methods One hundred and one patients admitted from February 2008 to April 2014 in Guangdong General Hospital primarily diagnosed with PAPVC with or without other congenital heart diseases were analyzed retrospectively,all the cases underwent routine TTE,which 74 cases underwent cardiac MSCT examination,and the TEE and cardiac MSCT diagnosis results were compared with final surgical findings,then the TTE and cardiac MSCT diagnosis accuracy was calculated.SPSS 13.0 software was used to analyze the data.Results All the patients underwent TTE examination,meanwhile,74 cases received cardiac MSCT examination.Ninety-three cases were confirmed by surgical findings,while 8 cases were misdiagnosed with PAPVC.Sixty-eight cases diagnosed by TTE coincided with surgical findings,and the diagnosis accuracy was 73.12％ (68/93 cases);65 cases diagnosed by cardiac MSCT coincided with surgical findings,and the diagnosis accuracy was 94.20％ (65/69 cases).Among the patients who received both TTE and cardiac MSCT examinations,66 cases were confirmed through final surgical operation,2 cases were mis-diagnosis,so the diagnosis accuracy was 97.06％ (66/68 cases).Conclusions In terms of the diagnosis accuracy of PAPVC,cardial MSCT examination is superior to TTE,as almost all of the cases could be diagnosed by TTE combined with cardial MSCT.In consideration of the acoustics window of children,apart from the conventional parasternal approach of detecting pulmonary veins,the importance of suprasternal and subcostal views should also be attached.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the application of flaps or musculocutaneous flaps in repairing cervical postradiation ulcer (cpu) at nasopharyngeal carcinoma. METHOD: Deltopectoral flaps and pectoralis major flaps were applied to repair cervical radiation ulceration with different size and depth in 19 cases. RESULT: Twelve cases repaired with deltopectoral flaps and 7 cases repaired with pectoralis major flaps, impaired wound healing happened at distal end of one deltopectoral flap, and the wound was healing hy second intention after debridement and dressing change. All the other deltopectoral flaps and pectoralis major flaps stayed alive. Flaps stayed alive without the recurrence of ulcer after the long-term follow-up for one to ten years. CONCLUSION The effectiveness of cervical radiation ulceration reconstruction by deltopectoral flaps and pectoralis major flaps was proved. The reconstruction could prevent the recurrence of ulcer. Refer to the poor prognosis of chronic radiation ulceration with expectant treatment, precautions do count.
Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; radiotherapy ; Neck ; Radiation Injuries ; etiology ; surgery ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Skin Transplantation ; methods ; Surgical Flaps

Aim To study the mechanism of Escherichia coli DNA photolyase(EC 4.1.99.3) in repairing the ultraviolet induced pyrimidine dimmer lesions in DNA.Methods UV-Vis Specturum was used to measure the relationships between the enzyme activity and different state flavin ademine denucleotide(FAD).Results It was shown that the enzyme activity was the highest when FAD chromophore was in reduced state and lowest when it was in oxidated state,while the activity ranked between when the enzyme was in radical state.Partial denature was observed when the enzyme was in oxidated state and under over 30℃,yet the enzyme activity remained unchanged.The presence of MTHF chromophore enhanced the enzyme activity.Conclusion These findings provide clues for clinical application of DNA photolyase in the future.