The theory of constitution in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） has emerged as a new discipline in recent years. Constitution plays a vital role in the onset，progression，transformation，and prognosis of diseases. At present，some clinical scholars have adopted a novel diagnostic and treatment model of "constitution differentiation-disease identification-syndrome differentiation"，in which constitution is regarded as a core element throughout the diagnostic and therapeutic process. Constitution is closely associated with etiology，onset，pathogenesis，syndrome differentiation，and treatment. Against this background，the construction of animal models based on constitution holds far-reaching significance for advancing clinical research. This paper focuses on the construction and evaluation of rodent models with Qi-deficiency constitution，aiming to explore how to further induce Qi-deficiency syndromes and related disease states on the basis of Qi-deficiency constitution models，thereby developing an integrated animal model that embodies the trinity of "constitution-disease-syndrome". The establishment of this model not only provides a solid experimental foundation for the development of new therapies and drugs in TCM targeting specific constitutions，diseases，and syndromes，but also greatly promotes the modernization and scientific advancement of TCM theory. By comprehensively applying multidisciplinary technologies and methods，the study evaluates the model's validity，reliability，and practicality，with the aim of opening new avenues for future research in TCM and promoting the development of the field.

The theory of constitution in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） has emerged as a new discipline in recent years. Constitution plays a vital role in the onset，progression，transformation，and prognosis of diseases. At present，some clinical scholars have adopted a novel diagnostic and treatment model of "constitution differentiation-disease identification-syndrome differentiation"，in which constitution is regarded as a core element throughout the diagnostic and therapeutic process. Constitution is closely associated with etiology，onset，pathogenesis，syndrome differentiation，and treatment. Against this background，the construction of animal models based on constitution holds far-reaching significance for advancing clinical research. This paper focuses on the construction and evaluation of rodent models with Qi-deficiency constitution，aiming to explore how to further induce Qi-deficiency syndromes and related disease states on the basis of Qi-deficiency constitution models，thereby developing an integrated animal model that embodies the trinity of "constitution-disease-syndrome". The establishment of this model not only provides a solid experimental foundation for the development of new therapies and drugs in TCM targeting specific constitutions，diseases，and syndromes，but also greatly promotes the modernization and scientific advancement of TCM theory. By comprehensively applying multidisciplinary technologies and methods，the study evaluates the model's validity，reliability，and practicality，with the aim of opening new avenues for future research in TCM and promoting the development of the field.

Objective Under the guidance of Zhuang medicine theory,this study aims to investigate the medicinal and compatibility rules of authentic medicinal pearls.Method This article focuses on the fourth national survey of traditional Chinese medicine resources—general survey of marine traditional Chinese medicine resources in Guangxi,led by Professor Lin Jiang's team from Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Guangxi Famous Traditional Chinese Medicine.The survey collected original prescriptions containing pearls,as well as data recorded in Zhuang medicine monographs containing pearls.The study integrated the efficacy,indications,pharmacology,and clinical research of pearl Zhuang medicine.Under the guidance of Zhuang medicine prescription compatibility theory,Zhuang medicine disease classification,and Zhuang medicine classification theory,this study explores the compatibility rules based on the data and functions of Zhuang medicine pearl formula.Result Zhuang medicine pearls taste sweet and salty,with a cold nature;It has the effects of activating the Qiao wu(brain),regulating Long lu(blood circulatory system)and Huo lu(nervous system),clearing heat and toxins,calming the mind,calming palpitations,relieving cough,promoting muscle growth,nourishing yin fluids,and Clearing eye mistiness;Indications:Nian nao nuo(Insomnia),Hen feng(Infantile Convulsions),Long lei(Epilepsy),Fright Palpitations,A rou tian(Diabetes),Huo yan ma(Sore throat),Bei ding(Deep-Rooted Boil),Bei nong(Sores and Ulcers),Redness and visual obstruction due to corneal opacity,Re Nong(Otitis media),Kou chuang(Oral ulcers),Da ning(Swelling and pain of eye).Based on the analysis of data on the formula of Zhuang medicine pearls,it was found that the topical use of Zhuang medicine pearls is concentrated in diseases of the ENT(Ear,Nose,and Throat),Ophthalmology,and diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue.When combined with drugs such as regulating Long lu,clearing heat toxin,and eliminating dampness-toxin,it is used to treat diseases such as Redness and visual obstruction due to corneal opacity,Oral ulcers,and Skin ulcers;For internal use,it is often combined with medicines that regulating Long lu,replenishing qi and blood,eliminating dampness-toxin,and nourishing the heart-mind,used in hypertension and palpitations.When paired with the medicines of clearing heat toxin,replenishing qi and blood,regulating Qiaowu,it is used to treat insomnia and epilepsy.Based on the analysis of pearl function,it is used in combination with airway and detoxifying drugs to treat airway diseases;Combination therapy with regulating Long lu and Qiao wu(brain)medicine for the treatment of Long lu disease;Combination treatment of gynecological diseases with regulating Long lu and Huo lu medicine and Bu xu medicine;Combination therapy with heat-clearing,detoxifying,and swelling-reducing medicines or astringents,for the treatment of persistent non-healing sores and ulcers;Used in combination with antipyretic drugs and yin tonifying drugs to treat ophthalmic diseases.Conclusion Zhuang medicine pearl has a wide range of therapeutic effects,and its efficacy can be enhanced by compatibility with different Zhuang medicines.Future research can combine modern compatibility methods of traditional Chinese medicine to optimize the compatibility scheme of pearls,study the specialized disease and prescription of Zhuang medicine pearls,combine Zhuang medicine with Western medicine to form prescriptions,and combine the pharmacological effects of pearls to form prescriptions.In depth exploration of the pharmacological substance basis and mechanism of action of pearl prescriptions can be conducted to develop new Zhuang medicine preparations for pearls.

Objective Under the guidance of Zhuang medicine theory,this study aims to investigate the medicinal and compatibility rules of authentic medicinal pearls.Method This article focuses on the fourth national survey of traditional Chinese medicine resources—general survey of marine traditional Chinese medicine resources in Guangxi,led by Professor Lin Jiang's team from Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Guangxi Famous Traditional Chinese Medicine.The survey collected original prescriptions containing pearls,as well as data recorded in Zhuang medicine monographs containing pearls.The study integrated the efficacy,indications,pharmacology,and clinical research of pearl Zhuang medicine.Under the guidance of Zhuang medicine prescription compatibility theory,Zhuang medicine disease classification,and Zhuang medicine classification theory,this study explores the compatibility rules based on the data and functions of Zhuang medicine pearl formula.Result Zhuang medicine pearls taste sweet and salty,with a cold nature;It has the effects of activating the Qiao wu(brain),regulating Long lu(blood circulatory system)and Huo lu(nervous system),clearing heat and toxins,calming the mind,calming palpitations,relieving cough,promoting muscle growth,nourishing yin fluids,and Clearing eye mistiness;Indications:Nian nao nuo(Insomnia),Hen feng(Infantile Convulsions),Long lei(Epilepsy),Fright Palpitations,A rou tian(Diabetes),Huo yan ma(Sore throat),Bei ding(Deep-Rooted Boil),Bei nong(Sores and Ulcers),Redness and visual obstruction due to corneal opacity,Re Nong(Otitis media),Kou chuang(Oral ulcers),Da ning(Swelling and pain of eye).Based on the analysis of data on the formula of Zhuang medicine pearls,it was found that the topical use of Zhuang medicine pearls is concentrated in diseases of the ENT(Ear,Nose,and Throat),Ophthalmology,and diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue.When combined with drugs such as regulating Long lu,clearing heat toxin,and eliminating dampness-toxin,it is used to treat diseases such as Redness and visual obstruction due to corneal opacity,Oral ulcers,and Skin ulcers;For internal use,it is often combined with medicines that regulating Long lu,replenishing qi and blood,eliminating dampness-toxin,and nourishing the heart-mind,used in hypertension and palpitations.When paired with the medicines of clearing heat toxin,replenishing qi and blood,regulating Qiaowu,it is used to treat insomnia and epilepsy.Based on the analysis of pearl function,it is used in combination with airway and detoxifying drugs to treat airway diseases;Combination therapy with regulating Long lu and Qiao wu(brain)medicine for the treatment of Long lu disease;Combination treatment of gynecological diseases with regulating Long lu and Huo lu medicine and Bu xu medicine;Combination therapy with heat-clearing,detoxifying,and swelling-reducing medicines or astringents,for the treatment of persistent non-healing sores and ulcers;Used in combination with antipyretic drugs and yin tonifying drugs to treat ophthalmic diseases.Conclusion Zhuang medicine pearl has a wide range of therapeutic effects,and its efficacy can be enhanced by compatibility with different Zhuang medicines.Future research can combine modern compatibility methods of traditional Chinese medicine to optimize the compatibility scheme of pearls,study the specialized disease and prescription of Zhuang medicine pearls,combine Zhuang medicine with Western medicine to form prescriptions,and combine the pharmacological effects of pearls to form prescriptions.In depth exploration of the pharmacological substance basis and mechanism of action of pearl prescriptions can be conducted to develop new Zhuang medicine preparations for pearls.

To systematically review randomized controlled trials （RCTs） of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） intervention in ulcerative colitis （UC）， and analyze the characteristics of these studies and their outcome indicators， thereby providing references for the design of future RCTs of TCM intervention in UC and offering evidence supporting the clinical application of TCM in UC. A computerized search was conducted in the China National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI）， Wanfang Data， VIP， SinoMed， PubMed， Cochrane Library， EMbase， and Web of Science databases for RCTs of TCM intervention in UC published from January 2021 to August 2024. The risk of bias was assessed， and outcome indicators were qualitatively analyzed. A total of 555 RCTs were included， with a sample size of 44 853 participants. The largest sample size was 218 cases， and the smallest was 28 cases， with most studies focusing on 60-100 participants. Of the 386 RCTs that explicitly reported TCM syndrome types， the top three were large intestine dampness-heat syndrome （31.05%）， spleen and kidney yang deficiency syndrome （12.47%）， and spleen deficiency with dampness syndrome （9.17%）. The interventions， ranked by frequency of use， included internal Chinese medicine compounds/preparations （64.5%）， Chinese medicine compounds/preparations with retained enema （18.2%）， internal Chinese medicine compounds/preparations + external TCM treatment （5.95%）， and external TCM treatment alone （4.86%）. The treatment duration was mainly 4-8 weeks （64.86%）， with 61 studies （10.99%） reporting follow-up time. A total of 157 outcome indicators were used， with a frequency of 3 460 occurrences， classified into six domains： TCM syndromes and symptoms （346 occurrences， 10%）， symptoms/signs （541 occurrences， 15.64%）， physical and chemical examinations （2 119 occurrences， 61.24%）， quality of life （107 occurrences， 3.09%）， long-term prognosis （61 occurrences， 1.76%）， and safety events （284 occurrences， 8.21%）. The analysis reveals several limitations in the outcome indicators of TCM intervention in UC， including the lack of a basis for sample size calculation， non-standardized TCM syndrome classification， absence of trial design and registration， inadequate blinding and allocation concealment， adherence issues with interventions， imbalanced selection of surrogate and endpoint indicators， inconsistency in the timing of outcome measurements， design issues that require standardization， and ethical and safety concerns. It is recommended that future studies actively construct a set of core indicators for UC that include standardized TCM syndrome classification， clear efficacy evaluation indicators， key endpoint indicators， and reasonable measurement time points. Long-term prognostic impacts， comprehensive assessments of patients' quality of life， and consideration of economic benefits should be emphasized， providing a basis for the clinical practice of TCM in the treatment of UC.

To systematically review randomized controlled trials （RCTs） of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） intervention in ulcerative colitis （UC）， and analyze the characteristics of these studies and their outcome indicators， thereby providing references for the design of future RCTs of TCM intervention in UC and offering evidence supporting the clinical application of TCM in UC. A computerized search was conducted in the China National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI）， Wanfang Data， VIP， SinoMed， PubMed， Cochrane Library， EMbase， and Web of Science databases for RCTs of TCM intervention in UC published from January 2021 to August 2024. The risk of bias was assessed， and outcome indicators were qualitatively analyzed. A total of 555 RCTs were included， with a sample size of 44 853 participants. The largest sample size was 218 cases， and the smallest was 28 cases， with most studies focusing on 60-100 participants. Of the 386 RCTs that explicitly reported TCM syndrome types， the top three were large intestine dampness-heat syndrome （31.05%）， spleen and kidney yang deficiency syndrome （12.47%）， and spleen deficiency with dampness syndrome （9.17%）. The interventions， ranked by frequency of use， included internal Chinese medicine compounds/preparations （64.5%）， Chinese medicine compounds/preparations with retained enema （18.2%）， internal Chinese medicine compounds/preparations + external TCM treatment （5.95%）， and external TCM treatment alone （4.86%）. The treatment duration was mainly 4-8 weeks （64.86%）， with 61 studies （10.99%） reporting follow-up time. A total of 157 outcome indicators were used， with a frequency of 3 460 occurrences， classified into six domains： TCM syndromes and symptoms （346 occurrences， 10%）， symptoms/signs （541 occurrences， 15.64%）， physical and chemical examinations （2 119 occurrences， 61.24%）， quality of life （107 occurrences， 3.09%）， long-term prognosis （61 occurrences， 1.76%）， and safety events （284 occurrences， 8.21%）. The analysis reveals several limitations in the outcome indicators of TCM intervention in UC， including the lack of a basis for sample size calculation， non-standardized TCM syndrome classification， absence of trial design and registration， inadequate blinding and allocation concealment， adherence issues with interventions， imbalanced selection of surrogate and endpoint indicators， inconsistency in the timing of outcome measurements， design issues that require standardization， and ethical and safety concerns. It is recommended that future studies actively construct a set of core indicators for UC that include standardized TCM syndrome classification， clear efficacy evaluation indicators， key endpoint indicators， and reasonable measurement time points. Long-term prognostic impacts， comprehensive assessments of patients' quality of life， and consideration of economic benefits should be emphasized， providing a basis for the clinical practice of TCM in the treatment of UC.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of baricitinib combined with ruxolitinib cream in the treatment of progressive nonsegmental vitiligo.Methods:Clinical data were retrospectively collected from patients with progressive nonsegmental vitiligo in Boao Super Hospital. All the patients were treated with oral baricitinib daily (2 mg/day for patients weighing ≤ 50 kg; 4 mg/day for those > 50 kg) in combination with topical application of ruxolitinib cream twice daily for 24 consecutive weeks. Disease severity was assessed using the facial vitiligo area scoring index (F-VASI) and total body VASI (T-VASI) at baseline, week 12, and week 24. Adverse reactions were monitored throughout the treatment course.Results:Six patients with progressive nonsegmental vitiligo were collected, including 3 males and 3 females, aged 26 - 42 years, with the disease duration ranging from 0.5 to 25 years. At week 12, 3 patients achieved a 50% ~ < 75% improvement in facial vitiligo lesions (F-VASI 50), 1 patient achieved F-VASI 75 (75% ~ < 90% improvement), and 1 patient achieved T-VASI 50; at week 24, 4 patients achieved F-VASI 50, 1 patient achieved F-VASI 75, 1 patient achieved F-VASI 90 (≥ 90% improvement), and 3 patients achieved T-VASI 50. During the treatment, upper respiratory infection occurred in 1 patient, acne in 1 patient, pruritus in 2 patients, elevation of total cholesterol levels in 2 patients, and increase of high-density lipoprotein levels in 2 patients. No severe adverse events were observed during the treatment.Conclusion:The combination therapy with baricitinib and ruxolitinib cream may have potential efficacy and safety in the treatment of progressive nonsegmental vitiligo.

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory respiratory disease involving multiple cells and cellular components， characterized by recurrent episodes of wheezing， shortness of breath， chest tightness， and coughing， significantly impacting patients' quality of life. The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B（PI3K/Akt） signaling pathway， as a crucial hub in intracellular signaling， is widely involved in the regulation of cell growth， proliferation， survival， metabolism， and a series of pathophysiological processes. Its regulatory role in the pathological progression of asthma is particularly significant， specifically in promoting airway inflammation， mediating epithelial mesenchymal transition， accelerating airway remodeling， regulating cell autophagy， inducing mucus hypersecretion， and influencing immune response balance. This study analyzed potential molecular targets of the PI3K/Akt pathway， including activators such as cysteine proteinase inhibitor 1（CST1）， found in inflammatory zone 1（FIZZ1） and free fatty acid receptor 1（FFAR1）， and inhibitors such as human β-defensin-3（hBD-3）， disintegrins， metalloproteinase 33（ADAM33） and interleukin-27（IL-27）， and initially revealed the potential molecular mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） in asthma intervention. Based on this， the authors systematically summarized the efficacy and specific mechanisms of TCM monomers， compounds， and external treatments for asthma by regulating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway through literature review and analysis， aiming at establishing a robust foundation for the wide application and advanced development of TCM in asthma treatment， offering innovative insights for clinical research and drug development of asthma.

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory respiratory disease involving multiple cells and cellular components， characterized by recurrent episodes of wheezing， shortness of breath， chest tightness， and coughing， significantly impacting patients' quality of life. The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B（PI3K/Akt） signaling pathway， as a crucial hub in intracellular signaling， is widely involved in the regulation of cell growth， proliferation， survival， metabolism， and a series of pathophysiological processes. Its regulatory role in the pathological progression of asthma is particularly significant， specifically in promoting airway inflammation， mediating epithelial mesenchymal transition， accelerating airway remodeling， regulating cell autophagy， inducing mucus hypersecretion， and influencing immune response balance. This study analyzed potential molecular targets of the PI3K/Akt pathway， including activators such as cysteine proteinase inhibitor 1（CST1）， found in inflammatory zone 1（FIZZ1） and free fatty acid receptor 1（FFAR1）， and inhibitors such as human β-defensin-3（hBD-3）， disintegrins， metalloproteinase 33（ADAM33） and interleukin-27（IL-27）， and initially revealed the potential molecular mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） in asthma intervention. Based on this， the authors systematically summarized the efficacy and specific mechanisms of TCM monomers， compounds， and external treatments for asthma by regulating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway through literature review and analysis， aiming at establishing a robust foundation for the wide application and advanced development of TCM in asthma treatment， offering innovative insights for clinical research and drug development of asthma.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of baricitinib combined with ruxolitinib cream in the treatment of progressive nonsegmental vitiligo.Methods:Clinical data were retrospectively collected from patients with progressive nonsegmental vitiligo in Boao Super Hospital. All the patients were treated with oral baricitinib daily (2 mg/day for patients weighing ≤ 50 kg; 4 mg/day for those > 50 kg) in combination with topical application of ruxolitinib cream twice daily for 24 consecutive weeks. Disease severity was assessed using the facial vitiligo area scoring index (F-VASI) and total body VASI (T-VASI) at baseline, week 12, and week 24. Adverse reactions were monitored throughout the treatment course.Results:Six patients with progressive nonsegmental vitiligo were collected, including 3 males and 3 females, aged 26 - 42 years, with the disease duration ranging from 0.5 to 25 years. At week 12, 3 patients achieved a 50% ~ < 75% improvement in facial vitiligo lesions (F-VASI 50), 1 patient achieved F-VASI 75 (75% ~ < 90% improvement), and 1 patient achieved T-VASI 50; at week 24, 4 patients achieved F-VASI 50, 1 patient achieved F-VASI 75, 1 patient achieved F-VASI 90 (≥ 90% improvement), and 3 patients achieved T-VASI 50. During the treatment, upper respiratory infection occurred in 1 patient, acne in 1 patient, pruritus in 2 patients, elevation of total cholesterol levels in 2 patients, and increase of high-density lipoprotein levels in 2 patients. No severe adverse events were observed during the treatment.Conclusion:The combination therapy with baricitinib and ruxolitinib cream may have potential efficacy and safety in the treatment of progressive nonsegmental vitiligo.