[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.05.019.].

Objective To investigate the relationship between tooth loss and the occurrence of esophageal cancer in a natural village in Wenfeng District, Anyang City, Henan Province. Methods A prospective cohort study was conducted to observe the occurrence of tooth loss and esophageal cancer among the asymptomatic residents of the natural village for 16 years from January 2008 to July 2024. Data were analyzed by chi-square test, binary logistic regression, and restricted cubic spline. Results Among the total population of 711 cases, 136 cases were lost to follow-up and 575 cases were included in the final statistics, including 45 cases with esophageal cancer. Significant statistical difference was found between esophageal cancer patients with and without tooth loss (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that tooth loss was associated with the occurrence of esophageal cancer (OR=3.977, 95%CI: 1.543-10.255). After the adjustment for confounders, tooth loss remained significantly associated with the occurrence of esophageal cancer (OR=3.038, 95%CI: 1.035-8.914). A nonlinear dose-response relationship was observed between the number of teeth lost and the incidence of esophageal cancer. When the number of teeth lost was less than 12, the risk of esophageal cancer increased with the number of teeth lost. When more than 12 teeth were lost, the risk of esophageal cancer decreased as the number of teeth lost increased. Conclusion Tooth loss is a risk factor for the occurrence of esophageal cancer in this natural village. When the number of teeth lost is less than 12, the risk of esophageal cancer increases with the number of teeth lost.

Objective To understand the disease spectrum of a natural village in an area with high incidence of esophageal cancer to provide a reference for precise prevention and control. Methods From 2008 to 2024, 711 asymptomatic people over the age of 35 years in a natural village with high incidence of esophageal cancer in China were surveyed, and 171 of them were subjected to gastroscopy, biopsy, and pathological examination. All participants were followed up for a long time, and their disease history was recorded. Results A total of 16 years of follow-up were performed, and 703 people were effectively followed up. In 2008, 171 people underwent gastroscopy, and 160 people had biopsy and pathological results in endoscopic screening. By 2024, 76 people had been diagnosed with malignant tumors of 12 different types, and among these people, 45 had esophageal cancer. Conclusion Esophageal cancer remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality from malignant tumors in this region. Biopsy and pathological examination should be strengthened during gastroscopy, and follow-ups and regular check-ups should be given high importance to reduce the incidence and mortality rates of esophageal cancer.

Objective:To report a Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2 (CMT2) patient with SORD gene mutations, aiming to enhance the understanding of SORD gene-associated peripheral neuropathy. Methods:A CMT2 patient with SORD gene mutations was identified through whole exome sequencing in the Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology in January 2024, and the patients′ clinical features were elaborated in detail. 31-Phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( 31P-MRS) was employed to assess the phosphorus profile of the limbs, and real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was utilized to detect peripheral blood SORD gene mRNA expression levels in the patient, the family members, and the normal control. Additionally, the genetic and clinical characteristics of SORD gene mutation-related CMT2 and distal hereditary motor neuropathy (dHMN) were reviewed by searching the CNKI and PubMed databases. Results:The male CMT2 patient was 15 years old, presented with early-onset lower limb muscle weakness and atrophy, hypoesthesia, reduced tendon reflexes, and flat feet. 31P-MRS examination indicated that the pH of the patient′s leg was lower than that of the upper limb. Whole exome sequencing showed the patient carrying complex heterozygous mutations c.757delG (p.Ala253GlnfsTer27) and c.218C>T (P.Ser73Leu) in the SORD gene. The mRNA expression of the SORD gene of the patient′s mother [0.623(0.614, 0.645)] was lower than that of the patient′s father [0.961(0.888,1.020), H=13.330, P=0.007] and normal people [1.001(0.917, 1.092), H=14.830, P=0.002]. Through literature review, it is found that 31 SORD gene mutations have been reported worldwide, among which c.757delG (p.Ala253GlnfsTer27) was found to be a hotspot mutation, and all patients exhibited an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern. Conclusions:A patient with CMT2 caused by a compound heterozygous mutation c.757delG/c.218C>T in the SORD gene, with the main clinical symptoms of bilateral lower limb weakness, atrophy, sensory disturbance and reduced tendon reflexes is reported. Furthermore, 31P-MRS of the extremities is anticipated to both early and sensitively detect muscle lesions in patients with hereditary peripheral neuropathy.

[Purpose]To analyze the incidence and mortality of malignant tumors in cancer regis-tration areas of Heilongjiang Province in 2019 and the trend from 2013 to 2019.[Methods]The incidence and mortality data of malignant tumors reported by the Heilongjiang provincial cancer registries from 2013 to 2019 were collected,and the quality of data was assessed.The crude in-cidence/mortality rate,age-standardized incidence/mortality rate by Chinese standard population(ASIRC/ASMRC)and world standard population(ASIRW/ASMRW),0～74 years old cumulative rate were calculated.Joinpoint 4.6.0 software was used to calculate the average annual percentage change(AAPC)of ASIRC/ASMRC for the trend analysis from 2013 to 2019.[Results]In 2019,there were 16 732 new cases of malignant tumors in the cancer registration areas of Heilongjiang Province,including 8 639 males and 8 093 females.The crude incidence rate was 295.37/105,with an ASIRC and ASIRW of 167.10/105 and 164.18/105,respectively.There were 10 988 malig-nant tumor deaths,including 6 540 males and 4 448 females.The crude mortality rate was 193.97/105,with an ASMRC and ASMRW of 101.22/105 and 101.66/105,respectively.The inci-dence and mortality of malignant tumors increased rapidly after the age of 55,and the incidence and mortality of males were slightly higher than those of females.The top five malignant tumors of high incidence were lung cancer,female breast cancer,colorectal cancer,liver cancer and thy-roid cancer,and the top five malignant tumors of high mortality were lung cancer,liver cancer,colorectal cancer,stomach cancer and female breast cancer.From 2013 to 2019,the ASIRC of malignant tumors in cancer registration areas increased from 153.08/105 in 2013 to 167.10/105 in 2019,and the ASMRC increased from 92.22/105 in 2013 to 101.22/105 in 2019,but there was no statistical difference in the change trend.[Conclusion]The incidence and mortality of malignant tumors in Heilongjiang Province remain high.Lung cancer,female breast cancer,colorectal can-cer,liver cancer and stomach cancer should be the focus of cancer prevention and control.

This consensus was developed by the Orthodontic Society of the Chinese Stomatological Association to provide a systematic, scientific, and practical guideline for informed consent in orthodontic care. Orthodontic treatment is typically lengthy, highly individualized, and involves multiple factors such as growth and development, occlusal function, and facial esthetics. Rapid technological advances and diverse risk profiles make the traditional reliance on orthodontist experience or institutional templates insufficient to ensure patients′ full understanding and autonomous decision-making. To address this, the expert panel conducted extensive reviews of domestic and international guidelines, analyzed representative dispute cases, and performed multicenter patient-clinician surveys. Using a multi-round Delphi method, the group established a standardized informed consent framework covering the initial consultation, treatment, and retention phases. The consensus emphasizes that informed consent is not only a fundamental legal and ethical requirement but also a key step in building trust, improving patient compliance, and enhancing treatment satisfaction. Orthodontists should clearly and comprehensively explain treatment plans, potential risks, uncertainties, and associated costs, while respecting the autonomy of patients or guardians, and maintain continuous communication and dynamic evaluation throughout the treatment process. The release of this consensus provides unified and authoritative guidance for clinical orthodontics, helping to standardize informed consent, enhance its transparency, safeguard patient rights, reduce medical risks, and promote high-quality, sustainable development of orthodontic practice.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Objective To investigate the screening results and factors affecting abnormal detection rates among high-risk groups of esophageal cancer and to explore effective intervention measures. Methods We investigated and collected the information on gender, education level, age, marital status, symptoms of reflux esophagitis (heartburn, acid reflux, belching, hiccup, foreign body sensation in the pharynx, and difficulty swallowing), consumption of pickled vegetables, salt use, and esophageal cancer incidence of villagers in a natural village in Wenfeng District, Anyang City, Henan Province. Changes in reflux esophagitis symptoms in the high-incidence area of esophageal cancer before and after 16 years were observed, and the relationship of such changes with esophageal cancer was analyzed. Results In 2008, 711 cases were epidemiologically investigated, including 213 cases with one of the symptoms of reflux esophagitis such as heartburn, acid reflux, belching, hiccups, foreign body sensation in the pharynx, and difficulty swallowing (sorted in accordance with the abovementioned symptoms; if there are multiple symptoms, then the former is taken); 55 cases with at least two related symptoms, among which the most symptom was heartburn in 108 cases (15.1%); followed by acid reflux, belching, etc. In 2024, the same group of people was investigated, and eight people were missing because of relocation. A total of 703 people were successfully investigated, of which 189 cases (26.8%) had one of the symptoms of reflux esophagitis, such as heartburn (sorted in accordance with relevant symptoms, if there are multiple symptoms, then the former will be selected); 167 cases (23.7%) had at least two related symptoms, among which the most symptom was heartburn in 139 cases (19.7%); followed by acid reflux. Over 16 years, among the 703 people investigated, 45 cases had esophageal cancer and they had one or more of the abovementioned symptoms. No significant differences in the reflux esophagitis-like symptoms were found between 2008 and 2024 (P=0.26); no significant differences in the composition of reflux esophagitis-like symptoms were found between 2008 and 2024 (P=0.299). Conclusion The detection rate of reflux esophagitis-related symptoms in the population in a high-risk area of esophageal cancer has not decreased in the past 16 years, and the high-risk factors still exist. Esophageal cancer is closely related to reflux esophagitis, and clinical practice can provide early diagnosis and treatment for high-risk population.

Objective:To develop a rapid assessment scale for healthy aging suitable for the Chinese population.Methods:Based on existing healthy aging assessment scales, national standards, and expert consensus, an initial Healthy Aging Rapid Assessment Scale was drafted through two rounds of expert consultation. A pre-survey was conducted with 3 220 subjects recruited from Guangzhou between July 2023 and July 2024. Items were screened through item analysis and exploratory factor analysis to form the final scale. Reliability and validity of the final scale were validated across five cities: Guangzhou, Dongguan, Shenzhen, Baoding, and Chuxiong.Results:The initial version comprised 36 items, while the finalized scale contained 18 items across three dimensions: metabolic health, mental health, and cognitive health. Test-retest reliability ranged from 0.71 to 0.81 across all study sites. The Spearman-Brown coefficient varied between 0.91-0.96, Cronbach′s α between 0.77-0.83, comparative fit index (CFI) between 0.90-0.98, goodness-of-fit index (GFI) between 0.90-0.99, and root-mean-square error of approximation (RMSEA) between 0.03-0.09. For the three dimensions, reliability and validity metrics demonstrated consistency: Spearman-Brown coefficients 0.87-0.99, Cronbach′s α 0.77-0.83, CFI 0.90-0.98, GFI 0.90-0.99, and RMSEA 0.03-0.09 across four regions.Conclusion:The developed Healthy Aging Rapid Assessment Scale for the Chinese population exhibits robust reliability and validity.

Organ transplantation is an effective treatment for end-stage organ failure, but postoperative infections and rejection reactions are key factors affecting the survival of the patients. Recently, the incidence of human parvovirus B19 (B19V) infection following transplantation has increased. B19V is a non-enveloped virus that primarily infects the upper respiratory tract and exhibits significant tropism for erythroid progenitor cells in the bone marrow, leading to the lysis of erythrocytes and hematological abnormalities. After B19V viremia, it may further infect other cells, triggering inflammatory responses and tissue damage. B19V infection may lead to chronic anemia in organ transplant patients, thereby affecting the success of the transplant and the survival of the patients. Therefore, it is essential to diagnose and monitor B19V infection post-transplantation. Due to the immunosuppressive therapy following transplantation, traditional serological detection methods, such as IgM and IgG antibody tests, are often unreliable. In contrast, molecular biological detection, especially real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR technology, provides more accurate results. However, the diversity of B19V genotypes may lead to the missed detection of some genotypes. Thus, it is necessary to use different detection techniques to improve the diagnostic accuracy of B19 virus infections. Additionally, there is a need to explore more precise diagnostic methods to enhance the early identification and management of B19V infection, further improving the survival and life quality of the patients.