ObjectiveTo investigate the therapeutic effect of wall-broken ganoderma lucidum spore powder （GLS） on a mouse model of hepatocellular carcinoma and to explore its underlying mechanism. MethodsFifty 2-week-old C57BL/6J mice were divided into a control group， a model group and low， medium and high-dose GLS groups（0.25， 0.5， 1.0 g/kg ）， with 10 mice in each group. A DEN/CCL₄ mouse hepatocellular carcinoma model was established， and GLS was administered by gavage starting from the 8th week， once a day for 14 weeks. At the end of the final administration， the number of liver nodules was observed ， and the serum alpha-fetoprotein （AFP） was detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The content of catalase （CAT） in serum and liver tissue was determined by ammonium molybdate method. The content of reduced glutathione （GSH） in serum and liver tissue was measured by microplate assay. The content of glutathione peroxidase （GSH-PX） in serum and liver tissue was detected by colorimetric method. Immunohistochemistry （IHC-P） was employed to detect the protein expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen （PCNA）. R eal-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction was utilized to detect the relative expression of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 （Nrf2）， Kelch-like epichlorohydrin-associated protein 1 （Keap1）， NAD（P）H quinone oxidoreductase 1 （Nqo1）， heme oxygenase-1 （Ho-1） and glutamate cysteine ligase catalytic subunit （Gclc） mRNA. ResultsCompared with the control group， the content of serum AFP were significantly higher in the model group （P<0.01）， while the contents of CAT， GSH and GSH-PX in liver and serum were significantly lower in the model group （P<0.01）. The relative expression of Keap1 and Nqo1 mRNA was significantly higher （P<0.01）， the relative expression of Nrf2， Ho-1， Gclc mRNA relative expression was significantly lower （P<0.01）， and the positive expression rate of PCNA was significantly higher （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the total number of liver nodules and content of serum AFP in the administered group were significantly lower （P<0.01）， and the contents of CAT， GSH， and GSH-PX in the liver and serum of mice significantly increased （P<0.05 or P<0.01）. The expression of Keap1 and Nqo1 mRNA significantly decreased （P<0.05）. The expression of Nrf2， Ho-1 and Gclc mRNA significantly increased （P<0.05）， and positive expression rate of PCNA significantly decreased （P<0.01）. ConclusionGLS has a significant protective effect on DEN/CCL4 -induced mouse hepatocellular carcinoma model， and the mechanism of action is related to the regulation of oxidative stress in mouse liver.

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis(AIS)is a complex three-dimensional deformity involving coronal,sagittal,and axial planes,with a prevalence that should not be overlooked.With advancements in technology and in-depth research,an increasing number of hospitals and physicians are exploring standardized diagnostic and treatment approaches for AIS.Comprehensive and in-depth understanding is required for AIS,including its etiology,screening and diagnosis,classification,assessment and examination,treatment options,exploration of current focus,and evaluation of quality of life.Such understanding ensures that the diagnostic and treatment are scientific,standardized,and timely.Based on the principles of evidence-based medicine,a consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of AIS is reached after multiple discussions among spinal surgery experts,aiming to provide reference and guidance for clinical practice.

Aim To investigate the effect of neogam-bogic acid(NGA)on inducing ferroptosis in osteosar-coma K7M2 cells and subcutaneous transplanted tumor mice and explore the underlying mechanism.Methods MTT assay was employed to detect the effect of NGA(1,2,4,8,16,32,64,128 μmol·L-1)on cell prolif-eration,and the IC50 value was calculated.Calcein AM assay was used to detect cell viability.Transwell was applied to detect cell invasion.TEM was utilized to ob-serve the mitochondria morphology.K7M2 cells were subjected to treat with ferroptosis inducers erastin(Era)and inhibitors ferrostatin-1(Fer-1)to assess the levels of MDA,GSH,Fe2+,and LDH.RT-qPCR and Western blot were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression of STAT3,GPX4,and SLC7A11.A transplanted tumor model was established and treated with NGA to assess the impact of it on tumor growth and ferroptosis in vivo.HE staining was applied to ana-lyze the pathological status of tumor tissues.Nile red fluorescence staining was applied to detect the level of lipid components in tumor tissues.Results The pro-liferation,viability and invasion ability of K7M2 cells were significantly reduced after treatment with NGA at different concentrations(P＜0.05),and typical fea-tures of ferroptosis such as decreased mitochondrial vol-ume and reduced mitochondrial spine were observed.Compared to the control,the expression of MDA,Fe2+and LDH significantly increased(P＜0.01),while the content of GSH significantly decreased(P＜0.01).The ferroptosis in osteosarcoma was enhanced by the erastin,while inhibited by ferrostatin-1.In terms of mechanism,NGA inhibited the mRNA and protein ex-pression levels of STAT3,GPX4 and SLC7A11(P＜0.05).In vivo experiments confirmed that NGA signif-icantly improved the pathological state of tumor tissues,inhibited tumor growth,and induced ferroptosis in os-teosarcoma tissue cells.Conclusion NGA induces ferroptosis in osteosarcoma cells both in vitro and in vi-vo by inhibiting the STAT3/GPX4/SLC7A11 signaling axis,thereby exerting an anti-osteosarcoma effect.

Objective To develop a novel protective ventilator circuit component and to verify its performance by water seal and anti-splash experiments.Methods A novel protective ventilator circuit component had a design scheme with the multifunctional joint,and consisted of a tee connection tube,an isolation sleeve and a stop sleeve,of which,the tee connection tube was made of polyethylene polymer material and the others were made of silicone material.The tee connection tube had a T-shaped structure with two standard connection ports,which was composed of an adapter,a sealing cap,a plug and a sealing ring;the isolation sleeve was in the shape of a cylinder with a raised bottom,which was inserted into the adapter;the stop sleeve was located in the isolation sleeve,with an inverted frustum of a cone at the bottom and a rounded hole in the middle of the inverted frustum.An open ventilator circuit tube was involved in the performance verification of the circuit component developed.In the water seal experiment,sputum aspiration was simulated and the heights of the liquid level drop in the L-shaped tubes were compared after sputum aspiration.In the anti-splash experiment,the infection rates on the surfaces of the sterile hole towels and gloves were calculated.Results Water seal experiment showed after sputum aspiration the open ventilator circuit tube had the liquid level at the L-shaped tube higher significantly than that of the circuit component;the anti-splash experiment indicated sputum aspiration resulted in the occurance of the splashing out of the secretion and 77.5%infection rate by the open ventilator circuit tube,while no splashing out and 0%infection rate by the circuit component developed.Conclusion The novel protective ventilator circuit component behaves well in sealing and anti-splashing,and thus is worthy of clinical application for sputum aspiration.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(4):113-117]

Aim To investigate the effect of neogam-bogic acid(NGA)on inducing ferroptosis in osteosar-coma K7M2 cells and subcutaneous transplanted tumor mice and explore the underlying mechanism.Methods MTT assay was employed to detect the effect of NGA(1,2,4,8,16,32,64,128 μmol·L-1)on cell prolif-eration,and the IC50 value was calculated.Calcein AM assay was used to detect cell viability.Transwell was applied to detect cell invasion.TEM was utilized to ob-serve the mitochondria morphology.K7M2 cells were subjected to treat with ferroptosis inducers erastin(Era)and inhibitors ferrostatin-1(Fer-1)to assess the levels of MDA,GSH,Fe2+,and LDH.RT-qPCR and Western blot were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression of STAT3,GPX4,and SLC7A11.A transplanted tumor model was established and treated with NGA to assess the impact of it on tumor growth and ferroptosis in vivo.HE staining was applied to ana-lyze the pathological status of tumor tissues.Nile red fluorescence staining was applied to detect the level of lipid components in tumor tissues.Results The pro-liferation,viability and invasion ability of K7M2 cells were significantly reduced after treatment with NGA at different concentrations(P＜0.05),and typical fea-tures of ferroptosis such as decreased mitochondrial vol-ume and reduced mitochondrial spine were observed.Compared to the control,the expression of MDA,Fe2+and LDH significantly increased(P＜0.01),while the content of GSH significantly decreased(P＜0.01).The ferroptosis in osteosarcoma was enhanced by the erastin,while inhibited by ferrostatin-1.In terms of mechanism,NGA inhibited the mRNA and protein ex-pression levels of STAT3,GPX4 and SLC7A11(P＜0.05).In vivo experiments confirmed that NGA signif-icantly improved the pathological state of tumor tissues,inhibited tumor growth,and induced ferroptosis in os-teosarcoma tissue cells.Conclusion NGA induces ferroptosis in osteosarcoma cells both in vitro and in vi-vo by inhibiting the STAT3/GPX4/SLC7A11 signaling axis,thereby exerting an anti-osteosarcoma effect.

Myocardial fibrosis(MF)is the leading cause of car-diac insufficiency.Its complex pathogenesis and lack of effective treatment are key issues to be addressed in the cardiovascular field.Mitochondrial quality control system(MQC)is an impor-tant mechanism for eukaryotic cells to maintain the stability of mitochondrial form,quantity and quality.MQC disorders,which are characterized by low level of mitochondrial biogenesis,exces-sive mitochondrial oxidative stress,mitochondrial autophagy de-fect and mitochondrial dynamics disorder,play a crucial role in mediating the pathophysiological process of MF.Consequently,this article reviews the role of MQC in MF pathogenesis and the latest research,in order to better understand the molecular mech-anism of MF and provide reference for the development of more natural drugs in the future.

Objective To develop a novel protective ventilator circuit component and to verify its performance by water seal and anti-splash experiments.Methods A novel protective ventilator circuit component had a design scheme with the multifunctional joint,and consisted of a tee connection tube,an isolation sleeve and a stop sleeve,of which,the tee connection tube was made of polyethylene polymer material and the others were made of silicone material.The tee connection tube had a T-shaped structure with two standard connection ports,which was composed of an adapter,a sealing cap,a plug and a sealing ring;the isolation sleeve was in the shape of a cylinder with a raised bottom,which was inserted into the adapter;the stop sleeve was located in the isolation sleeve,with an inverted frustum of a cone at the bottom and a rounded hole in the middle of the inverted frustum.An open ventilator circuit tube was involved in the performance verification of the circuit component developed.In the water seal experiment,sputum aspiration was simulated and the heights of the liquid level drop in the L-shaped tubes were compared after sputum aspiration.In the anti-splash experiment,the infection rates on the surfaces of the sterile hole towels and gloves were calculated.Results Water seal experiment showed after sputum aspiration the open ventilator circuit tube had the liquid level at the L-shaped tube higher significantly than that of the circuit component;the anti-splash experiment indicated sputum aspiration resulted in the occurance of the splashing out of the secretion and 77.5%infection rate by the open ventilator circuit tube,while no splashing out and 0%infection rate by the circuit component developed.Conclusion The novel protective ventilator circuit component behaves well in sealing and anti-splashing,and thus is worthy of clinical application for sputum aspiration.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(4):113-117]

Aim To investigate the intestinal protection and possible mechanism of magnolol(MG)in newborn rats with necrotizing enterocolitis(NEC).Methods The rats were randomly divided into control group(Ctrl group),model group(NEC group)and treatment group(MG group).The NEC model was induced by hypoxia,cold stimulation,deep formula milk and LPS intragastric administration in 7-day-old rats for four days.They were killed after five days of treatment with MG(20 mg·kg-1).HE staining was used to observe the intestinal pathological injury.Western blot was used to detect the expressions of IL-1 β,TNF-α,NL-RP3,ASC,caspase-1 and tight junction protein in the distal ileum of rats.Colon contents were collected for 16S rDNA sequencing to understand the gut microbio-ta.Results MG improved the body mass and intesti-nal injury of NEC neonatal rats.The expressions of in-testinal IL-1β,TNF-α,NLRP3,ASC and caspase-1 proteins were down-regulated,and the expressions of Claudin,Occludin and ZO-1 proteins were up-regula-ted.16S rDNA showed that MG increased the diversity of intestinal flora,and at the phylum level,MG in-creased the abundance of firmicutes and bacteroides in NEC model,and decreased the abundance of pro-teobacteria.At the genus level,MG treatment in-creased the abundance of Lactobacillus,unclassified_Muribaculaceae,Racteroides,but decreased the abun-dance of Escherichia_Shigella,Rodentibacter and Fuso-bacterium.Conclusion MG intervention can protect the intestinal tract of NEC rats by potentially improving barrier function,and regulating the intestinal microbiota through the NLRP3/ASC/caspase-1 signaling pathway.

Objective:To analyze the effect of deep brain electrical stimulation therapy on Parkinson's disease patients with frozen gait and explore its prognostic factors.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted on 86 Parkinson's disease patients with frozen gait admitted to our hospital from January 2020 to December 2022.All patients received deep brain electrical stimulation therapy.Conduct a 2-year outpatient follow-up for all patients,and analyze the scores of the Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale Part 2(UPDRS Ⅱ),Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale Part 3(UPDRS Ⅲ),Fugl Meyer Lower Limb Motor Function Assessment Scale(FMA),and Schwab&England Daily Activity Scale(S&E)before and after medication opening and closing,6 months after surgery,1 year after surgery,and 2 years after surgery.And based on the 2-year follow-up results of the patients,the prognosis level of the patients was evaluated according to the S&E score during drug closure.60 patients with drug closure S&E score＞70 were divided into a good prognosis group,and 26 patients with drug closure S&E score≤70 were divided into a poor prognosis group.Logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of deep brain electrical stimulation therapy in Parkinson's disease gait freezing patients.Results:At 6 months,1 year,and 2 years after surgery,the UPDRS Ⅱ and UPDRS Ⅲ scores of all patients were lower than those before surgery(P＜0.05).The UPDRS Ⅱ and UPDRS Ⅲ scores of patients before surgery,6 months,1 year,and 2 years after surgery were lower than those of patients before surgery(P＜0.05);At 6 months,1 year,and 2 years after surgery,the FMA and S&E scores of all patients were higher than those before surgery(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the FMA and S&E scores between 6 months,1 year,and 2 years after surgery(P＞0.05).However,the FMA and S&E scores at 6 months,1 year,and 2 years after surgery were lower than those at the end of surgery(P＜0.05);There was no significant difference between the gender,BMI,combined underlying disease,levodopa equivalent dose,preoperative UPDRSⅢ score before the on and off periods,and FMA scores before the on and off periods(P＞0.05),Age,Parkinson's disease stage,preoperative UPDRS Ⅱ score between open and off period,and preoperative S&E score between the good prognosis and off prognosis groups(P＜0.05);The UPDRS Ⅱ score(95％CI:1.353～5.782,OR value:2.462),S&E score(95％CI:1.658～4.687,OR value:2.789),and S&E score(95％CI:1.265～6.879,OR value:3.645)before opening surgery are independent influencing factors on deep brain electrical stimulation therapy in Parkinson's disease gait freezing patients(P＜0.05).Conclusion:Deep brain electrical stimulation therapy can improve the condition and motor function of Parkinson's disease patients with frozen gait,but some patients may have poor prognosis due to the influence of UPDRS Ⅱ score before surgery and S&E scores during the opening and closing phases.

Organophosphorus nerve agents are the most threatening chemical warfare agents and terrorist agents.The number of nerve agents and their related chemicals involved in the verification of Chemical Weapon Convention(CWC)exceeds ten million,with the majority being isomers.Accurate structural identification of these chemicals has always been one of the challenges in CWC related verification analysis.In this work,a total of 17 kinds of alkyl phosphonate isomers and structural analogs from 5 groups were designed and synthesized,and then analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)and gas chromatography-infrared spectroscopy(GC-FTIR).The spectra of isomers or structural analogs obtained from two techniques as well as the structural information provided therein were compared and analyzed.The results showed that for isomers or structural analogs with similar MS spectra,FTIR spectra could provided more structural fingerprint information of compounds and had advantages in confirming structures.Combined with the excellent separation ability of GC,GC-FTIR can be used to assist GC-MS in the structural confirmation of alkyl phosphates,achieving rapid and accurate identification of isomers or structural analogues.