Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 43 patients with large-volume renal calculi treated with flexible ureteroscopic lithotripsy (FURL)at our hospital from August 2020 to August 2023. Among the patients, 26 were male and 17 were female; 22 had left-sided stones and 21 had right-sided stones. Thirty-three patients had preoperative placement of a double-J (D-J)stent, while 10 did not. The mean age was (42.7±11.1)years, the mean stone volume was (10.3±3.5)cm 3, and the mean operative time was (97.9±10.4)minutes. All procedures were completed using reusable flexible ureteroscopic lithotripsy. Twenty-two patients received traditional methods of stone expulsion after FURL (control group), while 21 patients received a combination of traditional methods and extracorporeal physical vibration lithotripsy (EPVL) after FURL (experimental group). The experimental group showed a significantly higher stone-free rate at one month (85.7% vs. 54.5%)and a lower reoperation rate (4.8% vs. 31.8%)compared to the control group. The difference in reoperation rates between the experimental and control groups was statistically significant ( P< 0.05). These results suggest that the combination of reusable ureteroscopic lithotripsy and EPVL is a feasible treatment option for large-volume renal calculi.

Objective·To investigate the causal relationship between plasma zinc-alpha-2-glycoprotein 1(AZGP1)and heart failure(HF)by using Mendelian randomization(MR)analysis and experimental validation.Methods·A two-sample MR analysis was performed to assess the causal relationship between AZGP1 and HF by integrating large-scale genome-wide association study(GWAS)data on plasma proteins and HF.The inverse-variance weighted(IVW)method was employed as the primary analytical approach,supplemented by MR-Egger regression,weighted median,and simple median methods.Horizontal pleiotropy was tested by using MR-PRESSO global test and MR-Egger intercept analysis.Colocalization analysis was conducted to validate genetic locus overlap.Additionally,a clinical cohort(84 HF patients and 68 healthy controls)was analyzed,with plasma AZGP1 levels quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results·MR analysis showed that elevated plasma AZGP1 levels were significantly associated with reduced HF risk(OR=0.82,95%CI 0.75?0.90,P=1.70×10-5).Colocalization analysis confirmed that AZGP1 expression and HF shared causal genetic variants(posterior probability for H4=0.69).Sensitivity and reverse MR analyses supported the robustness of the results.ELISA confirmed that plasma AZGP1 levels were significantly lower in HF patients compared to healthy controls,reinforcing its protective role in HF.Conclusion·This study demonstrates AZGP1 exerts a protective causal effect on HF and may serve as a potential biomarker for HF treatment.

Bovine rotavirus(BRV)is an important pathogen causing diarrhea in calves.To understand the genomic charac-teristics and genetic variations in bovine rotavirus,and to further enrich data on the biological characteristics of rotavirus,we aimed to amplify 11 gene segments of the isolated and cultured G6P[1]bovine rotavirus BLL strain,perform whole genome se-quencing,and analyze the molecular characteristics.MEGA7.0 and DNAMAN software were used for homology and typing a-nalysis,and the whole genome phylogenetic tree was constructed to analyze genetic evolution relationships.The complete geno-type of the BLL strain was G6-P[1]-I2-R2-C2-M2-A3-N2-T6-E2-H3.Phylogenetic analysis of the VP7 and VP4 genes of the BLL strain showed that the VP7 gene had the highest homology with RVA/Cow-wt/HB01/China/2021,and the VP4 gene of the BLL strain was in the same branch as RVA/Human-tc/ISR/Ro8059/1995.From the sequence alignment of VP8*amino acids,the sialic acid domain of the BLL strain was found to be similar to that in other P[1]strains,but different from those in other types of strains,except for residue 189,which was the same as that in Ro8059 but different from that in other strains.The results suggested that the BLL strain might potentially infect humans.Therefore,continued monitoring and study of the biological characteristics of this strain are necessary to provide more information and evidence supporting further research on the cross-species transmission of group A rotavirus in China.

Bovine rotavirus(BRV)is an important pathogen causing diarrhea in calves.To understand the genomic charac-teristics and genetic variations in bovine rotavirus,and to further enrich data on the biological characteristics of rotavirus,we aimed to amplify 11 gene segments of the isolated and cultured G6P[1]bovine rotavirus BLL strain,perform whole genome se-quencing,and analyze the molecular characteristics.MEGA7.0 and DNAMAN software were used for homology and typing a-nalysis,and the whole genome phylogenetic tree was constructed to analyze genetic evolution relationships.The complete geno-type of the BLL strain was G6-P[1]-I2-R2-C2-M2-A3-N2-T6-E2-H3.Phylogenetic analysis of the VP7 and VP4 genes of the BLL strain showed that the VP7 gene had the highest homology with RVA/Cow-wt/HB01/China/2021,and the VP4 gene of the BLL strain was in the same branch as RVA/Human-tc/ISR/Ro8059/1995.From the sequence alignment of VP8*amino acids,the sialic acid domain of the BLL strain was found to be similar to that in other P[1]strains,but different from those in other types of strains,except for residue 189,which was the same as that in Ro8059 but different from that in other strains.The results suggested that the BLL strain might potentially infect humans.Therefore,continued monitoring and study of the biological characteristics of this strain are necessary to provide more information and evidence supporting further research on the cross-species transmission of group A rotavirus in China.

Objective·To investigate the causal relationship between plasma zinc-alpha-2-glycoprotein 1(AZGP1)and heart failure(HF)by using Mendelian randomization(MR)analysis and experimental validation.Methods·A two-sample MR analysis was performed to assess the causal relationship between AZGP1 and HF by integrating large-scale genome-wide association study(GWAS)data on plasma proteins and HF.The inverse-variance weighted(IVW)method was employed as the primary analytical approach,supplemented by MR-Egger regression,weighted median,and simple median methods.Horizontal pleiotropy was tested by using MR-PRESSO global test and MR-Egger intercept analysis.Colocalization analysis was conducted to validate genetic locus overlap.Additionally,a clinical cohort(84 HF patients and 68 healthy controls)was analyzed,with plasma AZGP1 levels quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results·MR analysis showed that elevated plasma AZGP1 levels were significantly associated with reduced HF risk(OR=0.82,95%CI 0.75?0.90,P=1.70×10-5).Colocalization analysis confirmed that AZGP1 expression and HF shared causal genetic variants(posterior probability for H4=0.69).Sensitivity and reverse MR analyses supported the robustness of the results.ELISA confirmed that plasma AZGP1 levels were significantly lower in HF patients compared to healthy controls,reinforcing its protective role in HF.Conclusion·This study demonstrates AZGP1 exerts a protective causal effect on HF and may serve as a potential biomarker for HF treatment.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 43 patients with large-volume renal calculi treated with flexible ureteroscopic lithotripsy (FURL)at our hospital from August 2020 to August 2023. Among the patients, 26 were male and 17 were female; 22 had left-sided stones and 21 had right-sided stones. Thirty-three patients had preoperative placement of a double-J (D-J)stent, while 10 did not. The mean age was (42.7±11.1)years, the mean stone volume was (10.3±3.5)cm 3, and the mean operative time was (97.9±10.4)minutes. All procedures were completed using reusable flexible ureteroscopic lithotripsy. Twenty-two patients received traditional methods of stone expulsion after FURL (control group), while 21 patients received a combination of traditional methods and extracorporeal physical vibration lithotripsy (EPVL) after FURL (experimental group). The experimental group showed a significantly higher stone-free rate at one month (85.7% vs. 54.5%)and a lower reoperation rate (4.8% vs. 31.8%)compared to the control group. The difference in reoperation rates between the experimental and control groups was statistically significant ( P< 0.05). These results suggest that the combination of reusable ureteroscopic lithotripsy and EPVL is a feasible treatment option for large-volume renal calculi.

Objective To analyse the clinical efficacy of low-frequency of midnight-noon ebb-flow acupuncture-opening method(also called Ziwu Liuzhu Acupuncture,referring to the needling method based on acupoints selection according to qi and blood movement following heavenly-stems and earthly-branches cycle)in treating low myopia in children.Methods A retrospective study was conducted to collect the clinical data of 84 cases(168 eyes)of children with low myopia who received treatment at the Outpatient Department of Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine from January 2021 to December 2022.The children were divided into two groups according to the different treatment protocols:42 cases(84 eyes)treated with acupuncture combined with conventional optometry as the control group,and 42 cases(84 eyes)treated with low-frequency of midnight-noon ebb-flow acupuncture-opening method combined with conventional optometry as the observation group,and the treatment course of both groups was 24 weeks.The changes of refractive error and axial length before and after treatment were observed,and the clinical efficacy in the two groups of children were evaluated.Results(1)After treatment,there being statistically significant differences in the refractive error between the two groups of the children(P＜0.05),and the differential value of the refractive error of the children between the two groups before and after treatment was statistically significant(P＜0.05).(2)After treatment,there being statistically significant differences in the axial length of the children in both groups(P＜0.05).The differential value of axial lengths of the children between the two groups before and after treatment was statistically significant(P＜0.05).(3)The total effective rate of the observation group was 84.52%(71/84),and which of the control group was 63.10%(53/84),the efficacy of the observation group was significantly superior to that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion The low-frequency of midnight-noon ebb-flow acupuncture-opening method in treating low myopia in children can effectively postpone the degree of myopia,and decrease the growth of the axis,with exact therapeutic effect.

Objective To analyze the configuration of testing equipment in blood testing laboratories of blood stations in Shandong Province to facilitate to optimize equipment configuration for blood testing laboratories.Methods Questionnaires were distributed to obtain information on the number,the proportions of domestic and imported equipment,the usage time and the number of annual sample detection for the testing equipment of 17 blood testing laboratories(one laboratory from blood center and 16 laboratories from central blood stations)in Shandong Province,including the equipment for blood group testing,alanine aminotransferase(ALT)testing,sample adding of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),ELISA micro-plate processing and nucleic amplification test(NAT).The testing equipment in the laboratories with different sizes were analyzed in terms of substitutability,localization,number of annual sample detection and average usage time.Results The blood group and ALT testing equipment had low substitutability;the imported equipment for ALT testing and ELISA sample adding had high proportions;the numbers of yearly sample detection of the equipment for ELISA sample adding,ELISA microplate processing and NAT rose significantly with the increase of laboratory sizes(P＜0.05);the equipment for ELISA sample adding and microplate processing had long usage time,and the differences between the usage time of the equipment for ELISA sample adding from the laboratories with different sizes were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion The equipment configuration of blood testing laboratories of blood stations in Shandong Province varies greatly,and each laboratory has to take measures based on their own actual situations,such as increasing the number of equipment,purchasing domestic equipment or accelerating equipment updating.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2024,45(3):81-85]