AIM: To explore the effect of Kappa angle on changes in visual quality and stereoscopic acuity after regional refractive multifocal intraocular lens(MIOL)implantation in patients with high myopia complicated by cataract.METHODS:A retrospective analysis was conducted on data from patients with normal Kappa angle and high myopia complicated by cataract treated at the hospital from January 2024 to January 2025. Patients were divided into two groups based on the median preoperative Kappa angle(0.182 mm): Group A(00.05). The actual residual astigmatism in Group A was lower than that in Group B at 7 d, 1 and 3 mo postoperatively(all P<0.001). The proportion of eyes with near stereoscopic acuity <60″ was higher in Group A than in Group B, while the proportion of eyes with near stereoscopic acuity between 400″ and 3000″ was lower in Group A than in Group B(both P<0.05). Meanwhile, the incidence of visual disturbances in Group B was higher than that in Group A(P<0.05).CONCLUSION: The Kappa angle has no significant effect on visual acuity or objective visual quality in patients with normal Kappa angle and high myopia complicated by cataract after regional refractive MIOL implantation. However, patients with a larger Kappa angle exhibit higher postoperative residual astigmatism, worse near stereoscopic acuity, and a higher incidence of vision-related adverse symptoms.

Objective:To investigate the basic information of diagnostic and therapeutic nuclear medicine resources and practices in Henan province in 2022, and to assess the equity of their distribution, and to compare them with the 1998 survey result, so as to provide the reference for the allocation of nuclear medicine resources in Henan province.Methods:On-site investigations were conducted on medical institutions in Henan province that carry out diagnostic and therapeutic nuclear medicine practices. By using a combination of Lorenz curve, Gini coefficient and Theil index, the fairness of nuclear medicine resources and practices were assessed based on population distribution in Henan province in 1998 and 2022.Results:In 2022, there were 54 medical institutions in Henan province that carried out diagnostic and therapeutic nuclear medicine practices, with 67 items of nuclear medicine imaging and supporting equipment, and 690 nuclear medicine staff members involved. A total of 200 938 diagnostic clinical nuclear medicine imaging practices were performed throughout the year, with a diagnostic frequency of 2.04 per 1 000 population. Various types of therapeutic nuclear medicine practices were performed on 29 044 individuals, with a frequency of 0.29 per 1 000 population. The Gini coefficients for the distribution of diagnostic nuclear medicine practices, nuclear medicine staff, and practice frequency based on population distribution in Henan province in 1998 were 0.489, 0.505, and 0.526, respectively, and the Theil indices were 0.091 8, 0.172 1, and 0.139 7, respectively. The Gini coefficients for the distribution of nuclear diagnostic medicine equipment, nuclear medicine staff, and practice frequency based on population distribution in Henan province in 2022 were 0.244, 0.246, and 0.363, respectively, and the Theil indices were 0.086 8, 0.145 3, and 0.159 9, respectively.Conclusions:While clinical nuclear medicine in Henan province is rapidly developing, the distribution of various types of nuclear medicine resources and practices is becoming increasingly balanced. However, there still exists a certain degree of imbalance. Additionally, this also demonstrates a correlation between the resource distribution and regional economic development. The rationality of resource allocation needs further optimization.

This study examines the progress and application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the prevention and control of infectious diseases within Chinese healthcare institutions. It analyzes the difficulties and challenges encountered during implementation to promote the intelligent transformation and upgrading of infectious disease prevention and control. The results indicate that AI technology has made progress in areas such as infectious disease surveillance and early warning, risk assessment and emergency response, screening and detection, image-based diagnosis and analysis, and health management. Nevertheless, significant challenges remain, including limited application depth and breadth, issues with data quality and privacy protection, insufficient technological maturity and interpretability, potential legal risks, and a shortage of interdisciplinary professionals. To advance the application of AI technology in infectious disease prevention and control and support the modernization of China′s relevant systems, recommendations include strengthening policy support, establishing data standards and robust privacy protection mechanisms, increasing R&D investment, refining laws and regulations, and enhancing the training of interdisciplinary talent.

Objective:The prediction model of postoperative recurrence of ovarian endometriosis cyst(OEM)was constructed to provide a reference for evaluating postoperative recurrence of OEM patients.Methods:The clinical,pathological and follow-up data of 342 patients who underwent the initial laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy for OEM at The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University from January 1,2017 to October 31,2021 were retro-spectively analyzed.Based on univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis,the relevant factors affecting OEM recurrence were identified.According to the results of multivariate analysis,a nomogram was drawn.The C index and receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve were used to test the efficiency of the prediction model.Results:The 2-year recurrence rate of OEM patients was 20.4%and the 5-year recurrence rate was 35.2%.Uni-variate and multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that menstrual cycle(HR 0.916,95%CI 0.860-0.976,P=0.006),delivery≥1(HR 0.376,95%CI 0.171-0.827,P=0.015),CA125≥100 U/ml(HR 1.790,95%CI 1.167-2.746,P=0.008),total cyst diameter≥10 cm(HR 2.254,95%CI 1.318-3.854,P=0.003),and postoperative medications(HR 0.434,95%CI 0.292-0.644,P=0.000)were associated with OEM recurrence and were included in the no-mogram prediction model.The C-index of the nomogram prediction model was 0.710(95%CI 0.665-0.754),and the area under the curve(AUC)of the ROC for OEM patients with recurrence at 2 years after surgery was 0.786 and 0.708 at 5 years.Conclusions:In this study,we developed a nomogram to predict the probability of recur-rence at 2 years and 5 years for OEM patients under 45 years who underwent conservative surgery,which has i-deal predictive performance and helps clinicians to screen high-risk patients,and thus give high-risk OEM patients additional attention and intervention.

To establish a double fluorescent RT-LAMP that can distinguish between chicken astro-virus(CAstV)and avian nephritis virus(ANV),two sets of specific primers and probes labeled with fluorescent groups were designed by comparing the conserved sequences of CAstV ORF1b gene and ANV ORF1b gene downloaded from GenBank.The CAstV probe was labeled with CY3 fluorophore at the 3'end and the quencher BHQ2 at the 5'end.The ANV probe was labeled with CY3 fluorophore at the 3'end and the quencher BHQ2 at the 5'end.The reaction system of the method was optimized,and specificity,repeatability,interference,sensitivity,and clinical sample detection were performed.The results were compared with RT-qPCR and RT-PCR to verify the ef-fectiveness of the method.The experimental results showed that the established double fluorescence RT-LAMP method could complete the reaction within 60 min,and the optimal reac-tion temperature was 65 ℃.This method only detects ANV and CAstV,with no cross-reactivity to other common avian pathogens.The minimum detection limit of CAstV was 1.4 ×10 2 copies/μL,and the minimum detection limit of ANV was 1.5×10 2 copies/μL.The interference and reproduc-ibility tests were good.Compared with RT-qPCR,the coincidence rates of CAstV and ANV were 97.97％and 98.85％,respectively.In conclusion,the double fluorescence RT-LAMP method estab-lished in this study has the characteristics of rapidity,accuracy,good specificity,high sensitivity and good reproducibility,which is suitable for clinical diagnosis and provides technical support for the epidemiological investigation of CAstV and ANV.

Objective:To analyze the co-morbidity patterns of chronic diseases among the elderly in China and provide suggestions for health management strategies.Methods:It was a cross-sectional study. A total of 9 383 respondents aged ≥60 years with complete data of key variables (chronic disease status, age, gender, marital status, etc.) in the 2020 China Health and Aged Care Tracking Survey (CHARLS) dataset were selected as study subjects. Systematic clustering was used to analyze the pattern of multimorbidity among urban and rural elderly, and probit model was used to analyze the relevant factors associated with the risk of multimorbidity in order to provide suggestions for health management strategies.Results:There were similarities in the multimorbidity patterns of chronic diseases among the elderly in both urban and rural areas in China, including emotional and mental problems, Parkinson′s disease and malignant tumors such as cancer as a group of psychosomatic and neurodegenerative disease pattern, and stroke, asthma and liver disease as a group of inflammatory response disease pattern. However, there were differences, with dyslipidemia clustered as a separate group among the urban elderly, and memory-related diseases with diabetes or elevated blood glucose, chronic lung disease and kidney disease clustered as another group; and in rural elderly, gastric or digestive disorders were clustered with memory-related disorders, diabetes or elevated blood glucose, chronic lung disease, and kidney disease. Registered residence in rural areas ( Z=-0.530), and heavy physical activity (Z=-0.024) were negatively with the risk of multimorbidity. Age ( Z=0.037), alcohol consumption ( Z=0.037), smoking ( Z=0.042), depression score ( Z=0.130), and length of sleep ( Z=0.027) were positively correlated with the risk of multimorbidity (all P<0.05), with domicile location being the most strongly associated factor, and depression score being the second one. Conclusion:The pattern of chronic disease co-morbidity among the elderly in China differs between urban and rural areas. It is recommended that targeted chronic disease management strategies should be developed based on the characteristics of chronic disease co-morbidity among the elderly in urban and rural areas in China to improve the effectiveness of chronic disease co-morbidity prevention and management.

Objective:To analyze the infection status and influencing factors of Helicobacter pylori ( Hp) in healthy children. Methods:This is a cross-sectional study. The data of 684 children aged 3 to 14 years who underwent the 13C urea breath test in the Health Management Center of Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital from December 2022 to December 2023 were retrospectively collected, and 652 of them who met the criteria were included in the analysis. According to whether they were infected with Hp, the children were divided into the infected group and the non-infected group, and the differences in age, gender, living habits and other aspects between the two groups were compared. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the factors influencing Hp infection. Results:Among the 652 children, there were 134 cases in the infected group and 518 cases in the non-infected group, with an Hp infection rate of 20.6%. The Hp infection rate showed an upward tendency with age. The Hp infection rates in children aged 3 to 5 years, 6 to 11 years, and 12 to 14 years were 12.6%, 22.0%, and 25.2% respectively ( χ 2=9.862, P=0.007). Univariate analysis showed that the proportions of Hp infection were higher in children who never washed their hands, ate in school cafeterias, did not have separate meals, were fed with chewed food, bit their fingers or toys, lived with relatives who had a history of gastrointestinal diseases, had low family income, had parents with low educational level, and were mixed/artificially fed during infancy, which were 26.1%, 24.1%, 25.4%, 25.7%, 26.0%, 25.8%, 25.1%, 23.7%, and 23.6% respectively (all P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that separate meals, good handwashing habits, and high family income were protective factors against Hp infection ( OR=0.689, 0.779, 0.602, P=0.004, 0.013, 0.019), while feeding with chewed food was a risk factor for Hp infection ( OR=1.998, P=0.001). Conclusion:The Hp infection rate of children undergoing health examination in Zhengzhou is at low level, and the main influencing factors are separate meals, handwashing habits, feeding with chewed food, and family income.

Objective:To investigate the trends in insulin resistance, as represented by the triglyceride-glucose index (TyG index), among Chinese adult residents from 2010 to 2018 and to explore influencing factors.Methods:China Chronic Disease and Risk Factor Surveillance was conducted in 2010, 2013, and 2018, using a multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method across all 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) in China. This study sampled 98 712 adults in 2010, 176 534 adults in 2013, and 184 876 adults in 2018, all aged ≥18 years, totaling 406 933 participants. Individuals with a TyG index > P75 were classified as having insulin resistance. The mean TyG index and the prevalence of insulin resistance were calculated for different years, sexes, age groups, provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities), and subgroups for 2018. Linear and logistic regression models were used to test trends in means and rates over time, and multivariate logistic regression models were conducted to analyze potential factors associated with insulin resistance. All analyses were adjusted for complex sampling weights based on the study design. Results:From 2010 to 2018, the mean TyG index among Chinese adults increased from 8.44±0.63 to 8.70±0.64, with significant upward trends observed across different age groups, sexes, and urban-rural residencies (all P<0.001). The mean TyG index was higher among males, urban residents, and those aged 45-59. There were significant differences in the mean TyG indices and prevalence of insulin resistance across provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) (all P<0.05). Higher insulin resistance prevalence was independently associated with being male, aged ≥45 years, living in urban areas, excessive alcohol consumption, and insufficient physical activity (all P<0.05). Conclusions:From 2010 to 2018, the level of insulin resistance, as indicated by the TyG index, showed an increasing trend among Chinese adults. Males, individuals aged ≥45 years, urban residents, and individuals with unhealthy lifestyles such as excessive alcohol consumption or insufficient physical activity should be the focus of efforts to prevent and control metabolic diseases related to insulin resistance.

Objective To explore the application of cell block(CB)technology in the diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC).Methods A total of 86 patients with thyroid nodules who were treated at Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University from February 2023 to December 2024 were retrospectively selected.Before the operation,all patients underwent ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy.After the biopsy,the specimens were respectively subjected to cell smear(CS)and CB pathological examinations.Using postoperative pathology as the gold standard,the clinical application value of CS,CB,BRAFV600E gene detection,and combined detection in the preoperative diagnosis of PTC was evaluated.Results A total of 86 patients were included.Among them,42 cases were diagnosed as PTC by postoperative pathology,and 44 cases were benign lesions.The sensitivity(73.81％),specificity(97.73％),positive predictive value(96.88％),negative predictive value(79.63％),and accuracy(86.05％)of CB in the preoperative diagnosis of PTC were significantly higher than those of CS.The Kappa consistency test results showed that the consistency between CB pathological results and postoperative pathological results was better than that of CS.Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicated that the area under the curve(AUC)of CB was significantly higher than that of CS(0.858 vs.0.743,Z=2.391,P=0.017).Furthermore,the combination of CB and BRAFV600E gene detection further improved preoperative diagnostic performance,with a consistency with postoperative pathological results(Kappa=0.837)superior to other examination methods,and an AUC(0.918)significantly higher than other examination methods.Conclusion CB has significant clinical application value in the preoperative diagnosis of PTC,with diagnostic performance significantly superior to CS.Further combination with BRAFV600E gene detection can significantly improve preoperative diagnostic accuracy.

Objective:To investigate the basic information of diagnostic and therapeutic nuclear medicine resources and practices in Henan province in 2022, and to assess the equity of their distribution, and to compare them with the 1998 survey result, so as to provide the reference for the allocation of nuclear medicine resources in Henan province.Methods:On-site investigations were conducted on medical institutions in Henan province that carry out diagnostic and therapeutic nuclear medicine practices. By using a combination of Lorenz curve, Gini coefficient and Theil index, the fairness of nuclear medicine resources and practices were assessed based on population distribution in Henan province in 1998 and 2022.Results:In 2022, there were 54 medical institutions in Henan province that carried out diagnostic and therapeutic nuclear medicine practices, with 67 items of nuclear medicine imaging and supporting equipment, and 690 nuclear medicine staff members involved. A total of 200 938 diagnostic clinical nuclear medicine imaging practices were performed throughout the year, with a diagnostic frequency of 2.04 per 1 000 population. Various types of therapeutic nuclear medicine practices were performed on 29 044 individuals, with a frequency of 0.29 per 1 000 population. The Gini coefficients for the distribution of diagnostic nuclear medicine practices, nuclear medicine staff, and practice frequency based on population distribution in Henan province in 1998 were 0.489, 0.505, and 0.526, respectively, and the Theil indices were 0.091 8, 0.172 1, and 0.139 7, respectively. The Gini coefficients for the distribution of nuclear diagnostic medicine equipment, nuclear medicine staff, and practice frequency based on population distribution in Henan province in 2022 were 0.244, 0.246, and 0.363, respectively, and the Theil indices were 0.086 8, 0.145 3, and 0.159 9, respectively.Conclusions:While clinical nuclear medicine in Henan province is rapidly developing, the distribution of various types of nuclear medicine resources and practices is becoming increasingly balanced. However, there still exists a certain degree of imbalance. Additionally, this also demonstrates a correlation between the resource distribution and regional economic development. The rationality of resource allocation needs further optimization.