ObjectiveTo study the pharmacological substances and mechanisms through which sesquiterpene ZH-13 from Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum improves neuroinflammation. MethodsBV-2 microglial cells were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide （LPS） to induce neuroinflammation. The cells were divided into the normal group， the model group， and the ZH-13 low- and high-dose treatment groups （10， 20 μmol·L^-1）. The model group was treated with 1 μmol·L^-1 LPS. Cell viability was assessed using the cell proliferation and activity assay （CCK-8 kit）. Nitric oxide （NO） release in the cell supernatant was measured using a nitric oxide kit （Griess method）. The mRNA expression levels of interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， inducible nitric oxide synthase （iNOS）， and interleukin-6 （IL-6） were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR）. The phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK） pathway proteins was assessed by Western blot. ResultsCompared with the model group， ZH-13 dose-dependently reduced NO release from BV-2 cells under LPS stimulation （P<0.05， P<0.01）. In the 20 μmol·L^-1 ZH-13 treatment group， the mRNA expression levels of IL-1β， TNF-α， iNOS， and IL-6 were significantly reduced compared to the model group （P<0.05， P<0.01）. In both the low- and high-dose ZH-13 groups， the expression of the inflammatory factor TNF-α and the phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase （JNK） in the upstream MAPK pathway were significantly reduced （P<0.05）. After stimulation with the JNK agonist anisomycin （Ani）， both low- and high-dose ZH-13 treatment groups showed reduced phosphorylation of JNK proteins compared to the Ani-treated group （P<0.01）. ConclusionThe sesquiterpene compound ZH-13 from Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum significantly ameliorates LPS-induced neuroinflammatory responses in BV-2 cells by inhibiting excessive JNK phosphorylation and reducing TNF-α expression. These findings elucidate the pharmacological substances and mechanisms underlying the sedative and calming effects of Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum.

ObjectiveThe study explores the influence of voluntary wheel running on the behavioral abnormalities and the activation state of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) rats through gut microbiota. MethodsSD female rats were selected and administered either400 mg/kg of valproic acid (VPA) solution or an equivalent volume of saline via intraperitoneal injection on day 12.5 of pregnancy. The resulting offspring were divided into 2 groups: the ASD model group (PASD, n=35) and the normal control group (PCON, n=16). Behavioral assessments, including the three-chamber social test, open field test, and Morris water maze, were conducted on postnatal day 23. After behavioral testing, 8 rats from each group (PCON, PASD) were randomly selected for serum analysis using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to measure corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), and corticosterone (CORT) concentration, to evaluate the functional state of the HPA axis in rats. On postnatal day 28, the remaining 8 rats in the PCON group were designated as the control group (CON, n=8), and the remaining 27 rats in the PASD group were randomly divided into 4 groups: ASD non-intervention group (ASD, n=6), ASD exercise group (ASDE, n=8), ASD fecal microbiota transplantation group (FMT, n=8), and ASD sham fecal microbiota transplantation group (sFMT, n=5). The rats in the ASD group and the CON group were kept under standard conditions, while the rats in the ASDE group performed 6 weeks of voluntary wheel running intervention starting on postnatal day 28. The rats in the FMT group were gavaged daily from postnatal day 42 with 1 ml/100 g fresh fecal suspension from ASDE rats which had undergone exercise for 2 weeks, 5 d per week, continuing for 4 weeks. The sFMT group received an equivalent volume of saline. After the interventions were completed, behavioral assessments and HPA axis markers were measured for all groups. ResultsBefore the intervention, the ASD model group exhibited significantly reduced social ability, social novelty preference, spontaneous activity, and exploratory interest, as well as impaired spatial learning, memory, and navigation abilities compared to the normal control group (P<0.05). Serum concentration of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), and corticosterone (CORT) in the PASD group were significantly higher than those in the PCON group (P<0.05). Following 6 weeks of voluntary wheel running, the ASDE group showed significant improvements in social ability, social novelty preference, spontaneous activity, exploratory interest, spatial learning, memory, and navigation skills compared to the ASD group (P<0.05), with a significant decrease in serum CORT concentration (P<0.05), and a downward trend in CRH and ACTH concentration. After 4 weeks of fecal microbiota transplantation in the exercise group, the FMT group showed marked improvements in social ability, social novelty preference, spontaneous activity, exploratory interest, as well as spatial learning, memory, and navigation abilities compared to both the ASD and sFMT groups (P<0.05). In addition, serum ACTH and CORT concentration were significantly reduced (P<0.05), and CRH concentration also showed a decreasing trend. ConclusionExercise may improve ASD-related behaviors by suppressing the activation of the HPA axis, with the gut microbiota likely playing a crucial role in this process.

OBJECTIVE: To construct an integrated management model for early screening and diagnosis of PCa based on the Innovative Care for Chronic Conditions Framework (ICCC) and the 1+1 contract-based tiered diagnosis and treatment system (TDTS) in China. METHODS: Based on the 1+1 contract-based TDTS platform, we conducted PCa screening for the male residents aged 60 years and above during health check-ups in Pujin Community Health Center from January 1, 2023 to December 31, 2023. For those with abnormal total prostate-specific antigen (tPSA) ≥ 4 μg/L, we promptly referred them to higher-level hospitals for further diagnosis and treatment via the two-way referral green channel platform and information sharing service using the 1+1 contract model. We further analyzed the relevant data on screening and diagnosis. RESULTS: A total of 4 080 males aged 71.39±5.059 years received PCa screening from January to December 2023. PSA screening was performed in 43.96% of the male residents, revealing 654 cases of PSA abnormality, with a PSA positivity rate of 16.03%, which was higher than that found in the previous large-scale PCa screenings in other regions of China. Among the males with PSA abnormality, 292 (44.65%) expressed their willingness for medical referral, while the others did not seek further medical attention for reasons of being asymptomatic, low awareness of the disease, no accompany for medical visits, and concerns about further costs of diagnosis and treatment. Prostate biopsy was recommended to 154 cases after further examinations, which was accepted by 92 (59.74%). Fifty-eight cases were diagnosed with Pa, and thedetection rate reached 63.04%. CONCLUSION The integrated management model for PSA examination-based early screening and diagnosis of PCa using the 1+1 contract-based TDTS platform is plays a significant role in enhancing people's awareness and knowledge of PCa and improving the early detection rate of the malignancy.
Humans ; Male ; Prostatic Neoplasms/diagnosis* ; Early Detection of Cancer ; Prostate-Specific Antigen/blood* ; Aged ; China ; Mass Screening ; Middle Aged ; Chronic Disease

Objective To investigate the stent location and effectiveness in different types of iliac vein compression.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients with left iliac vein compression who underwent stent implantation at our department from June 2021 to December 2023. Based on the location of compression, patients were categorized into high, classical, and low types. The patients’ general information, lesion characteristics, stent details, stent patency, and clinical outcomes were analyzed and followed up.Results A total of 242 patients were included in this study. And 90. 9% (220 cases) were the classical type, 5.4% (13 cases) were the high type, and 3.7% (9 cases) were the low type. There was no significant difference in age distribution, gender ratio and comorbidities among the three groups. The length of inferior vena cava protruding from the high type was significantly longer than that of the classical type[(3.1±0.8) cm vs. (1.6±1.0) cm, P<0.001), but significantly shorter in the low type[(-0.7±2.4) cm vs. (1.6±1.0) cm, P<0.001). The mean follow-up time was (18.0±7.0) months. The stent patency rate was 97.0% at 1 year and 92.8% at 2 years postoperation. The clinical symptoms of the three groups were significantly relieved. No thrombosis was found in right limbs.Conclusions There is a significant difference in the location of the stent tip between classical and non-classical compression types. Complete coverage of lesion by the stent should be the prerequisite for stent placement in treatment of all three types. Small sample, short-term follow-up data suggested that stents can also relieve clinical symptoms and have good patency rate in the high compression type and the low compression type.

Objective To investigate the neuroprotective effects and mechanisms of abscisic acid(ABA)in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine(MPTP)-induced Parkinson's disease(PD)mouse models.Methods Eight-week-old C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into three groups,control group(Ctrl),MPTP group,and MPTP+ABA group,12 mice in each group.Except for the control group,mice in the other groups were intraperitoneally injected with MPTP 25 mg/kg daily for 8 consecutive days to establish a subacute PD model.The MPTP+ABA group received intraperitoneal injections of ABA 25 mg/kg daily for 11 consecutive days,starting 3 days prior to MPTP administration.Behavioral tests were performed 24 hours after the last administration.On day 3,the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase(TH)and glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP)in the substantia nigra pars compacta(SNc)and striatum(STR)was analyzed by Western blotting,and mRNA levels of inflammatory factors were measured by Real-time PCR.Immunofluorescent staining was used to detect the expression of TH,GFAP,and ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1(Iba1).Results Compared with the control group,MPTP-treated mice exhibited impaired motor function,a reduced number of TH-positive dopaminergic neurons in the SNc,down-regulated TH protein expression in both the SNc and striatum,up-regulated GFAP protein expression,increased numbers of GFAP-and Iba1-positive cells,and elevated levels of pro-inflammatory factors.In contrast,the MPTP+ABA group showed improved motor function,increased TH-positive neurons in the SNc,up-regulated TH protein expression,down-regulated GFAP protein expression,reduced numbers of GFAP-and Iba1-positive cells,and decreased pro-inflammatory factor levels compared to the MPTP group.Conclusion ABA ameliorates motor dysfunction in MPTP-induced PD model mice,reduces degeneration and death of dopaminergic neurons in the SNc,suppresses the proliferation and activation of astrocytes and microglia in the SNc and striatum,and alleviates neuroinflammation.These results suggest that ABA exerts neuroprotective effects in MPTP-induced PD model mice.

Objective:To identify and analyze the genuine medicinal plant Gentiana scabra Bge. from 9 regions in Liaoning Province using DNA barcode technology based on the base sequence of internal transcribed spacer. Methods:DNA was extracted from the medicinal parts of 26 Gentiana scabra Bge. samples by using DNA kit extraction method. The ITS sequence was amplified through polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and then two-way sequencing was carried out. Other sources and outgroup sequences of the medicinal plant Gentiana scabra Bge. were downloaded from Genbank. After the sequencing results were spliced by using SeqMan 7.1.0 software, MEGA 7.0 software was used to analyze and compare the data, and calculate the genetic distance of K2P (Kimura 2-parameter). The phylogenetic tree was established by Neighbor-Joining (NJ) method for analysis. Results:According to the results of NJ cluster tree, all Gentiana scabra Bge. samples from different sources were clustered into one large branch, and Gentiana scabra Franch. and Gentiana triflora Pall. were clustered into one branch respectively, with obvious differences; Gentiana scabra and Gentiana manshurica Kitag. were clustered into one branch, and the genetic relationship was relatively close. In combination with the variation site and genetic distance, the base sequences of Gentiana scabra and Gentianamanshurica were very similar, and the interspecific differences were very small. Except for the intraspecific variation of only one sample collected in Liaoning Province, the base sequences of the other samples were the same, and there was no difference between " Gentiana scabra Bge. in Qingyuan" and Gentiana scabra Bge. samples from other regions in Liaoning Province. Conclusion:The DNA barcode technology of ITS sequence can be used to differentiate and identify medicinal plant Gentiana scabra Bge. and its original plants from different sources with a high success rate.

Objective:To use rbcL sequences to identify the rhizomes of the Liaoning collection of Atractylodes chinensis (DC.) Koidz.; To provide a basis for ensuring the feasibility of cultivation of the native herb in Liaoning Province. Methods:A total of 30 rhizomes of Atractylodes chinensis (DC.) Koidz. were collected from 10 regions cultivated in Liaoning Province, and the total DNA was extracted. DNA barcodes were screened by PCR, and the rbcL sequences of the samples were amplified and sequenced, and the amplification and sequencing success rates were calculated. Sequence alignment was performed using MEGA 7.0 software; a systematic clustering tree was constructed using the neighbour-joining method. Results:The success rates of DNA extraction from the rhizomes of Atractylodes chinensis (DC.) Koidz. were all 93.3%, and the success rates of PCR amplification and sequencing were all 100%. Among the 30 samples of Atractylodes chinensis (DC.) Koidz. in Liaoning Province, two samples had intraspecific variation, and the rest of the base sequences of Atractylodes chinensis (DC.) Koidz. were identical. Atractylodes chinensis (DC.) Koidz. was closer to the herbs of the genus Cangzhu, a relative species of Asteraceae, and was genetically more distant from the rest of Asteraceae. The NJ tree could distinguish Atractylodes chinensis (DC.) Koidz. and its relatives. Conclusion:The quality of Atractylodes chinensis (DC.) Koidz. cultivars in Liaoning Province is basically similar, and the rbcL sequence can be used as a valid sequence fragment for the identification of Atractylodes chinensis (DC.) Koidz. DNA barcode.

Objective To observe the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of Guanyuan Mingmen Sequential Acupuncture on rats with premature ovarian insufficiency(POI)model.Methods Female SD rats were divided into the blank group,the model group,the protein kinase A(PKA)inhibitor(H89)+acupuncture group,and the acupuncture group,with 12 rats in each group.Except for the blank group,the POI model was prepared by gavage with Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets in the other three groups of rats.After the model was successfully established,the blank group and the model group were bundled once a day;in the acupuncture group,Guanyuan(RN4)point was taken during the intermotility period,and in the pre-motility period,Mingmen(DU4)point was taken;in the H89+acupuncture group,the intervention was performed in accordance with the acupuncture protocol of the acupuncture group,and H89 was injected intraperitoneally for 30 minutes prior to each acupuncture session.Continuous intervention was performed for 20 days.Samples were taken from each group of rats in the first estrus period and in proestrus period after intervention.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to measure the levels of follicle stimulating hormone(FSH)and estradiol(E2)during the estrous phase,Western Blot was used to measure the protein expressions of follicle stimulating hormone receptor(FSHR)and aromatase P450(P450arom)during the estrous phase,and the activity of granulocytes during the estrous phase and the proestrus phase were measured using the cell-counting kit 8(CCK-8)method.The immunohistochemistry method was used to detect the protein expression of pre-motility proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA).Results(1)Compared with the blank group,the serum FSH level of the model group and H89+acupuncture group was significantly increased(P＜0.01),and the E2 level was significantly decreased(P＜0.001);there was no difference between the FSH level of the H89+acupuncture group and that of the model group(P＞0.05),and the E2 level of the H89+acupuncture group was lower than that of the model group(P＜0.05);the FSH level of the acupuncture group was lower than that of the model group and that of the H89+acupuncture group(P＜0.05),had no difference with the blank group(P＞0.05),E2 level was significantly higher than the model group and H89+ acupuncture group(P＜0.01),still being lower than the blank group(P＜0.05).(2)The protein expressions of FSHR and P450arom in the model group and H89 + acupuncture group was lower than those in the blank group;the protein expression of FSHR in the H89 + acupuncture group was not different from that in the model group(P＞0.05),while the protein expression level of P450arom was lower than that in the model group(P＜0.05);the protein expression levels of FSHR and P450arom in the acupuncture group were higher than those in the model group and H89 + acupuncture group,but still lower than those in the blank group(P＜0.05).(3)Both GCs activity and average optical density value of PCNA in the model group and H89+acupuncture group were lower than the blank group(P＜0.05);both GCs activity and average optical density value of PCNA in the H89+acupuncture group were lower than the model group(P＜0.05);the activity of GCs and average optical density value of PCNA of the acupuncture group were significantly higher than that of the model group and H89+acupuncture group(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Conclusion Guanyuan Mingmen Sequential Acupuncture can regulate sex hormone levels,increase GCs activity and promote GCs cell proliferation by up-regulating protein expressions of follicle stimulating hormone receptor(FSHR)/cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP)/protein kinase A(PKA)pathway FSHR,P450arom,thus improving POI.

Objective To investigate the current status,evolving hotspots,and emerging trends in the field of human re-source allocation research in public hospitals,both domestically and internationally,to provide a reference for future research di-rections in China.Methods CiteSpace was used to conduct a visual analysis of the research literature on human resource alloca-tion in public hospitals based on China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI)and the Web of Science(WOS).The analysis encompassed co-authorship,institutional collaboration,keyword co-occurrence and clustering,and burst detection.Results A total of 1 417 Chinese articles and 981 international articles were included.Domestic research in this field focused more on healthcare reform and management,resource allocation,hierarchical diagnosis,and treatment,and informatization and efficiency improvement.On the contrary,international research primarily centered on the employee satisfaction,healthcare system quality,work environment and medical staff.Future trends in domestic research included cost reduction,efficiency enhancement,and a greater emphasis on public welfare in public hospitals,while international research was beginning to explore the influence of polit-ical concepts in this field.Conclusion Compared to international research,domestic research needs to further improve its theo-retical and localized understanding,broaden its research scope,explore the interdisciplinary collaboration opportunities,and delve into research directions such as the application of artificial intelligence and automation technology in healthcare services,management of a diverse workforce,and innovative management techniques and applications.

Solid organ transplantation has significantly prolonged the survival of patients with end-stage diseases. However, long-term use of immunosuppressants will increase the risk of post-transplantation diabetes mellitus (PTDM) in the recipients, thereby elevating the risk of infection, cardiovascular disease and death. In recent years, with persistent improvement of diagnostic criteria of PTDM, clinicians have deepened the understanding of this disease. Compared with type 2 diabetes mellitus, PTDM significantly differs in pathophysiological characteristics and clinical progression. Hence, different treatment strategies should be adopted. Early identification of risk factors of organ transplant recipients, early diagnosis and intervention are of significance for improving the quality of life of recipients, prolonging the survival of grafts and reducing the fatality of recipients. Therefore, the diagnosis, incidence and risk factors of PTDM were reviewed in this article, aiming to provide reference for clinicians to deliver prompt diagnosis and intervention for PTDM.