Objective:To estimate the radiation dose (RD) to the public from patients undergoing 177Lu-prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-617 therapy, and provide reference for the formulation of radiation protection measures. Methods:From July 2020 to January 2021, 10 patients with prostate cancer (age (71.1±5.9) years) who received 177Lu-PSMA-617 therapy in the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University were retrospectively analyzed. According to the different doses of 177Lu-PSMA-617, the patients were divided into the low-dose (5.55-6.29 GBq) group and high-dose (6.70-8.94 GBq) group. Respectively at 5, 30 min and 1, 2, 4, 24, 48, 72, 96, 144 h after intravenous injection of 177Lu-PSMA-617, whole-body initial dose-equivalent rate (DR) was measured with a radiation-survey meter at 0.3, 1.0 and 2.0 m from the patients. The statistics of ROI were analyzed by HERMES, and the corresponding equations were obtained by fitting the curve regression with double exponential function model. On the basis of human social contact model proposed by the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP), the RD to the public from the patient discharged from the hospital at different times after completing the 177Lu-PSMA-617 injection was estimated. Results:All patients were discharged from the hospital at 72 h after treatment. The initial DR at 0.3, 1.0 and 2.0 m were (12.6±3.3), (4.7±1.2) and (1.6±0.4) μSv/h, respectively, and the RD to the co-sleeping partner, family members and colleagues who were in contact during the day were (999±253), (121±29) and (160±39) μSv, respectively. If the patients were discharged at 48 h after treatment, the RD to the adult family members could be controlled ≤5 mSv, and the RD to colleagues and children could be controlled ≤1 mSv. Starting from the injection of 177Lu-PSMA-617, the restriction duration for co-sleeping partner and colleagues were both 2 d and the restriction duration for children were 2 d (high-dose group) or 1 d (low-dose group). The patients needed to limit the time for public transportation from the 1st to 4th day after treatment, and there was no restriction from the 5th day. Conclusion:According to the current RD restrictions on the public, 177Lu-PSMA-617 is a relatively safe treatment modality for prostate cancer if good safety precautions are taken.

Objective:To evaluate the working memory (WM) performance of adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) using event-related potential (ERP), and to examine whether there is output dysfunction of their WM resource under increasing memory load.Method:Forty-three adult ADHD patients, and 40 healthy controls matched in gender ratio, age and IQ were recruited to participate in the study. All participants were required to perform a verbal n-back test with EEG recording. Behavioral indices including reaction time (RT), intra-individual reaction time variability (ISD) and accuracy rate were recorded by software E-prime. Meanwhile, electrophysiology indexes were recorded by EEG/ERP recording system EGI. Comparisons were conducted between ADHD patients and normal controls on their behavioral performances of RT, accuracy rate and ISD and their electrophysiology component of P300. Pearson correlation analysis was used to compare the correlation between behavioral, electrophysiological indicators and clinical symptoms.Results:Behaviorally, ADHD patients performed with a longer RT than healthy controls under 1-back ((505±100) ms vs. (457±75) ms, F(1, 81)=5.94, P=0.017) and 2-back ((573±125) ms vs. (511±100) ms, F(1, 81)=6.05, P=0.016). Main effect of group on ISD was found ( F(1, 81)=6.03, P=0.016), where adult ADHD patients performed significantly higher than healthy controls. Neurophysiolocally, significantly lower amplitude of P300 component under 2-back task was found among ADHD patients compared to healthy controls ( F(1, 78)=4.14, P=0.045). Correlation analysis: the more severe the hyperactivity symptoms of adult ADHD, the longer reaction time to complete the 2-back task ( r=0.303, P=0.48). The more severe the hyperactivity symptoms of adult ADHD, the lower P300 amplitude to complete the n-back task. The more severe the attention deficit symptom of adult ADHD, the longer P300 latency to complete the n-back task. Conclusions:Adult ADHD patients may have prolonged response time, increased variability and decreased P300 amplitude compared to the control subjects in n-back task, which is correlated to clinical symptoms. These signs suggest the impairment in retrieval of working memory, and an unstable attention, as well as slower information processing speed among adult patients with ADHD.

Objective:To evaluate the working memory (WM) performance of adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) using event-related potential (ERP), and to examine whether there is output dysfunction of their WM resource under increasing memory load.Method:Forty-three adult ADHD patients, and 40 healthy controls matched in gender ratio, age and IQ were recruited to participate in the study. All participants were required to perform a verbal n-back test with EEG recording. Behavioral indices including reaction time (RT), intra-individual reaction time variability (ISD) and accuracy rate were recorded by software E-prime. Meanwhile, electrophysiology indexes were recorded by EEG/ERP recording system EGI. Comparisons were conducted between ADHD patients and normal controls on their behavioral performances of RT, accuracy rate and ISD and their electrophysiology component of P300. Pearson correlation analysis was used to compare the correlation between behavioral, electrophysiological indicators and clinical symptoms.Results:Behaviorally, ADHD patients performed with a longer RT than healthy controls under 1-back ((505±100) ms vs. (457±75) ms, F(1, 81)=5.94, P=0.017) and 2-back ((573±125) ms vs. (511±100) ms, F(1, 81)=6.05, P=0.016). Main effect of group on ISD was found ( F(1, 81)=6.03, P=0.016), where adult ADHD patients performed significantly higher than healthy controls. Neurophysiolocally, significantly lower amplitude of P300 component under 2-back task was found among ADHD patients compared to healthy controls ( F(1, 78)=4.14, P=0.045). Correlation analysis: the more severe the hyperactivity symptoms of adult ADHD, the longer reaction time to complete the 2-back task ( r=0.303, P=0.48). The more severe the hyperactivity symptoms of adult ADHD, the lower P300 amplitude to complete the n-back task. The more severe the attention deficit symptom of adult ADHD, the longer P300 latency to complete the n-back task. Conclusions:Adult ADHD patients may have prolonged response time, increased variability and decreased P300 amplitude compared to the control subjects in n-back task, which is correlated to clinical symptoms. These signs suggest the impairment in retrieval of working memory, and an unstable attention, as well as slower information processing speed among adult patients with ADHD.

Objective To observe the changes in gut mucosal barrier and gut-origin bacteria-endotoxin translocation in acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP) rats. Methods Wistar rats were divided randomly into normal group (n=6), sham operation group (n=30) and ANP group (n=39). ANP was introduced by infusion of artificial bile into biliopancreatic duct. Morphology of pancreas and intestine were observed and tight junction on ileum epithelia were assessed by cryofracture replicas electroscopy. Plasma levels of D-lactic acid and endotoxin were examined at various time points. The rates of bacterial translocation to abdominal organs were also calculated. Results Mucosal and tight junction damages of the gut were found during early stage of ANP. Simultaneously, plasma D-lactate levels increased and endotoxemia occurred. The rate of bacterial translocation to organs was 59.5% 72h after ANP occurred. Conclusions Gut barrier function can be injured in the early stage of ANP, and resulting in gut origin bacteria-endotoxin translocation, which may be the originator of systemic inflammatory reaction and secondary infection of the pancreas.

Objective To study vascular anatomy between the pancreatic head and duodenum,providing anatomy basis for performing surgery of pancreatic head,duodenum and distal common bile duct in surgical practice. Methods Anatomy study was performed in 30 formaldehyde fixed and 10 fresh bodies in reference to blood supply to duodenum,the distal common bile and Vater ampulla. Results The anterior and posterior pancreaticoduodenal arterial arcade gives off branches to descending and horizontal portion of the duodenum. The posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal artery goes to distal common bile duct. The papilla artery arising from the posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal artery goes to Vater ampulla. Conclusions The pancreaticoduodenal anterior and posterior arterial arcades are main arteries that give off branches to the descending and horizontal portion of the duodenum,distal common bile duct and the Vater ampulla,hence should be carefully protected in duodenum-preserving resection of the pancreatic head.