Autism spectrum disorder(ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder, and social impairment was one of the core symptoms of ASD, which can seriously affects the social life of patients.The pathogenesis of social impairment in ASD is unclear and it may involves many brain abnormalities.The related theories and hypotheses are numerous and there is no unified conclusion. Studies have shown that the cerebellum has extensive connections with brain networks and is involved in the regulation of social cognition, but its role in ASD has not been fully emphasized.The structural and functional abnormalities of the cerebellar-cortex (CC) loop in ASD patients can lead to language communication disorders, empathy disorders, difficulties in interpreting social cues, abnormal social reward processing and emotional regulation disorders, which are closely related to ASD social impairment. Noninvasive brain stimulation of the superficial cerebellum can improve the abnormal CC circuit in ASD patients, and the cerebellum can be considered as a target for the treatment of social disorders in ASD in the future.Based on the clinical and basic researches on social impairment in ASD in recent years, this article reviews the relevant manifestations of disorders which cerebellar and CC circuit involved, aiming to promote the development of related research in the future.

As the incidence of autism rises annually,its unknown pathogenesis makes it challenging to treat the varied repetitive and stereotyped behaviors that characterize its core symptoms.The striatum is an important brain region for the control of locomotor behaviors,featuring a unique mosaic structure,complex neural origin,and finely regulated developmental process that is highly susceptible to genetic and environmental influences.Both clinical and basic studies have indicated that abnormal development of the striatal nuclei may contribute to the pathogenesis of these repetitive stereotyped behaviors in autism.Clinical imaging data have primarily identified gross anatomical variations in the stratum(e.g.,its general outline),but lack the resolution necessary to detect the cellular and subcellular alterations within the region.By introducing the abnormalities in the spatiotemporal development of the striatum and their links to the characteristic behaviors of autism,this review aims to advance our understanding of the role of the striatum in autism pathogenesis and to inform future animal studies and clinical research.

Objective To explore the mediating effect of hope between self-perceived burden and quality of life in patients with recurrent malignant tumors.Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted using convenience sampling,selecting 204 patients with recurrent malignant tumors from the Oncology Department of Xiangyang Central Hospital in Hubei Province from September to December 2023.A general information questionnaire,Self-Perceived Burden Scale(SPBS),hope level(HHI),and EORTC QLQ-C30 quality of life questionnaire were utilized for the investigation.Results The SPBS score for patients with recurrent malignant tumors was(28.28±8.92),the HHI score was(35.83±4.30)and the quality of life score was(59.68±23.96).Self-perceived burden was negatively correlated with hope and quality of life(P<0.05;P<0.01),while hope was positively correlated with quality of life(P<0.01).The mediating effect of hope between the burden of self-perception and quality of life is reflected,with the indirect effect accounting for 21.18%of the total effect.Conclusion Patients with recurrent malignant tumors generally have a low quality of life and moderate levels of hope,both of which require improvement.The self-perceived burden of patients is at a mild to moderate level.Healthcare professionals should take effective measures to enhance patients'levels of hope and reduce their self-perceived burden,thereby improving the quality of life for patients with recurrent malignant tumors.

Autism spectrum disorder(ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder, and social impairment was one of the core symptoms of ASD, which can seriously affects the social life of patients.The pathogenesis of social impairment in ASD is unclear and it may involves many brain abnormalities.The related theories and hypotheses are numerous and there is no unified conclusion. Studies have shown that the cerebellum has extensive connections with brain networks and is involved in the regulation of social cognition, but its role in ASD has not been fully emphasized.The structural and functional abnormalities of the cerebellar-cortex (CC) loop in ASD patients can lead to language communication disorders, empathy disorders, difficulties in interpreting social cues, abnormal social reward processing and emotional regulation disorders, which are closely related to ASD social impairment. Noninvasive brain stimulation of the superficial cerebellum can improve the abnormal CC circuit in ASD patients, and the cerebellum can be considered as a target for the treatment of social disorders in ASD in the future.Based on the clinical and basic researches on social impairment in ASD in recent years, this article reviews the relevant manifestations of disorders which cerebellar and CC circuit involved, aiming to promote the development of related research in the future.

As the incidence of autism rises annually,its unknown pathogenesis makes it challenging to treat the varied repetitive and stereotyped behaviors that characterize its core symptoms.The striatum is an important brain region for the control of locomotor behaviors,featuring a unique mosaic structure,complex neural origin,and finely regulated developmental process that is highly susceptible to genetic and environmental influences.Both clinical and basic studies have indicated that abnormal development of the striatal nuclei may contribute to the pathogenesis of these repetitive stereotyped behaviors in autism.Clinical imaging data have primarily identified gross anatomical variations in the stratum(e.g.,its general outline),but lack the resolution necessary to detect the cellular and subcellular alterations within the region.By introducing the abnormalities in the spatiotemporal development of the striatum and their links to the characteristic behaviors of autism,this review aims to advance our understanding of the role of the striatum in autism pathogenesis and to inform future animal studies and clinical research.

Objective:To explore the chain mediation role of career development planning and career success in the relationship between nurses' professional values and occupational embeddedness.Methods:From February to March 2024, a convenience sampling method was used to select 763 nurses from ClassⅢ Grade A hospitals in Wenzhou as research subjects. Data were collected using a General Information Questionnaire, the Occupational Embeddedness Scale for Nurses (OESN), the Nursing Professional Values Scale-Revised (NPVS-R), the Nurses' Career Planning Questionnaire (NCPQ), and the Career Success Scale for Nurses (CSSN). Pearson correlation analysis was performed to examine the correlations among the scores of OESN, NPVS-R, NCPQ, and CSSN. The AMOS 21.0 software was used to construct a structural equation model to explore the chain mediation role of career development planning and career success in the relationship between nurses' professional values and occupational embeddedness.Results:A total of 763 questionnaires were collected, with 749 valid responses, resulting in an effective recovery rate of 98.17%. The average scores for the 749 nurses were as follows: OESN (60.29±7.65), NPVS-R (108.99±11.82), NCPQ (42.98±4.44), CSSN (73.57±8.34). All four scale scores were positively correlated with each other ( P<0.05). The chain mediation effect of career development planning and career success in the relationship between nurses' professional values and occupational embeddedness was established, with the total indirect effect accounting for 46.04% (0.302/0.656) of the total effect and the chain mediation effect of career development planning and career success accounting for 10.21% (0.067/0.656) . Conclusions:The level of occupational embeddedness among nurses needs further improvement. Nurses' professional values not only directly influence their level of occupational embeddedness but also affect their career development planning, which in turn impacts their career success, ultimately exerting an indirect effect on occupational embeddedness. Nursing managers should strengthen nurses' professional values, assist them in formulating clear career development plans, and provide timely feedback and recognition of career success.

Restricted repetitive behaviors (RRBs) are the most characteristic behaviors of autism spectrum disorder. The clinical diagnosis and treatment of RRBs are extremely difficult resulting from its complex and variable etiology, highly heterogeneous clinical manifestations influenced by multiple factors (sleep quality, gastrointestinal health, age and gender), lack of precise diagnostic criteria and low effectiveness of current clinical interventions. This article mainly reviews the recent related studies on RRBs and discusses the challenges and progress in clinical diagnosis and treatment of RRBs so as to provide new ideas for future clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Objective To analyze the current state,research hotspots,and development trends of electroencephalography(EEG)applied in the field of autism spectrum disorder(ASD). Methods Relevant literature from the Web of Science core collection database from January,2014 to January,2024 were retrieved and analyzed using CiteSpace 6.2.R4. Results A total of 1 509 articles were included,with an increasing trend in publication volume over the years.The United States ranked highest in both publication volume and node centrality.The primary journals in this field were concentrated in clinical medicine,immunology and psychology.Keyword co-occurrence and clustering indicated that research primarily focused on the correlation between core symptoms of ASD and EEG indicators,differential diagnosis of ASD and its comorbidities,brain functional connectivity,and assessment of rehabilitation efficacy.Keywords bursted in the past three years mainly included artificial intelligence and machine learning. Conclusion The researches in EEG technology in the field of ASD is generally increasing.Future researches may focus on exploring the brain network mechanisms of ASD using EEG combined with multimodal neuroimaging,and machine learning technologies.

ObjectiveTo determine the risk factors associated with hypoglycemia in community patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus（T2DM）. MethodsA case-control study was performed among 914 patients with T2DM and no medical history of hypoglycemia were selected in the Diabetes Unit of Tongji University School of Medicine Affiliated Anting Community Health Center in 2018. A total of 196 patients with T2DM who had ≥1 hypoglycemia event in the past 12 months were presented as the case group， and 718 patients who did not have any hypoglycemia event during the same period were included as the control group. Medical history， medication， life style， and related factors were collected. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the risk factors associated with hypoglycemia. ResultsHistory of coronary heart disease ［adjusted odds ratio（aOR）=2.077， 95% CI： 1.293-3.337］， renal disease （aOR=4.775， 95% CI： 1.537-14.830）， and previous insulin use （aOR =1.765， 95%CI： 1.147-2.716） significantly increased the risk of hypoglycemia， while angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors（ACEI）（aOR =0.127， 95%CI： 0.044-0.366） and β-receptor blockers （aOR =0.271， 95%CI： 0.119-0.616） decreased the risk of hypoglycemia among diabetic patients. ConclusionIncidence of hypoglycemia in community patients with diabetes is high. History of coronary heart disease and kidney disease， and previous insulin use may increase the risk of hypoglycemia， which warrants further attention by community general practitioners.

Objective:To analyze the clinical value of high-frequency color Doppler ultrasound in the detection of axillary lymph node metastasis in breast cancer.Methods:The clinical data of 60 patients with breast cancer who received treatment in Hangzhou Hospital, Zhejiang Medical & Health Group between March 2017 and March 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Based on pathological results, 34 patients with breast cancer who had axillary lymph node metastasis were included in the observation group, and 26 patients without axillary lymph node metastasis were included in the control group. Both groups of patients underwent high-frequency color Doppler ultrasound examination. Ultrasound image characteristics, distribution of blood flow within the lymph nodes, and grading of blood flow signals were compared between the two groups, and ultrasound diagnosis results were analyzed.Results:Detection rate of cortical thickening, detection rate of lymph node long-diameter to lymph node short-diameter ratio > 2, detection rate of blurred lymph node borders, and detection rate of calcified foci within lymph nodes in the observation group were 55.9% (19/34), 58.8% (20/34), 61.8% (21/34), 52.9% (18/34), respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the control group [11.5% (3/26), 26.9% (7/26), 19.2% (5/26), 7.7% (2/26), χ2 = 12.48, 6.06, 10.85, 13.57, all P < 0.05]. The percentage of peripheral type blood flow distribution in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group and the percentage of portal type blood flow distribution in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (both P < 0.05). The percentage of grade 2 blood flow signal in the observation group was significantly lower than that in control group, and the percentage of grade 3 blood flow signal in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group (both P < 0.05). The sensitivity, specificity, misdiagnosis rate and missed diagnosis rate of ultrasound in the detection of axillary lymph node metastasis in breast cancer were 88.2% (30/34), 73.1% (19/26), 26.9% (7/26), and 11.8% (4/34), respectively. Conclusion:High-frequency color Doppler ultrasonography in the detection of breast cancer axillary lymph node metastasis has ideal accuracy, and its diagnostic results are of high reference value.