Viral pneumonia is an infectious disease caused by virus invading the lung parenchyma and interstitial tissue and causing lung inflammation， with the incidence rising year by year. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） can treat viral pneumonia in a multi-component， multi-target， and holistic manner by targeting the core pathogenesis of pneumonia caused by different respiratory viruses， demonstrating minimal side effects and significant advantages. According to the theory of healthy Qi and pathogenic Qi in TCM， the struggle between healthy Qi and pathogenic Qi and the imbalance between immunity and inflammation run through the entire process of viral pneumonia， and the immunity-inflammation status at different stages of the disease reflects different relationships between healthy Qi and pathogenic Qi. Immune dysfunction leads to the deficiency of healthy Qi， causing viral infections. The struggle between healthy Qi and pathogenic Qi causes immunity-inflammation imbalance， leading to the onset of viral pneumonia. Inflammatory damage causes persistent accumulation of phlegm and stasis， leading to the progression of viral pneumonia. The cytokine storm causes immunodepletion， leading to the excess of pathogenic Qi and diminution of healthy Qi and the deterioration of viral pneumonia. After the recovery from viral pneumonia， there is a long-term imbalance between immunity and micro-inflammation， which results in healthy Qi deficiency and pathogenic Qi lingering. Healthy Qi deficiency and pathogenic Qi excess act as common core causes of pneumonia caused by different respiratory viruses. Clinical treatment should emphasize both replenishing healthy Qi and eliminating pathogenic Qi， helping to restore the balance between healthy Qi and pathogenic Qi as well as between immunity and inflammation， thus promoting the recovery of patients from viral pneumonia. According to the TCM theory of healthy Qi and pathogenic Qi， this article summarizes the immunity-inflammation mechanisms at different stages of viral pneumonia， and explores the application of the method of replenishing healthy Qi and eliminating pathogenic Qi in viral pneumonia. The aim is to probe into the scientific connotation of the TCM theory of healthy Qi and pathogenic Qi in viral pneumonia and provide ideas for the clinical application of the method of replenishing healthy Qi and eliminating pathogenic Qi to assist in the treatment of viral pneumonia.

ObjectiveBased on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-electrostatic field orbital trap-linear ion-trap mass spectrometry（UPLC-Orbitrap Fusion Lumos Tribrid-MS）， the plasma concentration of ziyuglycoside Ⅰ was determined at different time points after oral administration， and its pharmacokinetic characteristics in normal rats and rats with acute kidney injury were compared. MethodsRats were randomly divided into normal group and model group， the model group received intraperitoneal cisplatin（10 mg·kg^-1） to establish the acute kidney injury model， the normal group was given the same volume of saline. After successful modeling， rats in the normal and model groups were randomly divided into the normal low， medium and high dose groups（2.5， 5， 7.5 mg·kg^-1） and the model low， medium and high dose groups（2.5， 5， 7.5 mg·kg^-1）， 6 rats in each group， and the plasma was collected at different time points after receiving the corresponding dose of ziyuglycoside Ⅰ. Then， the concentration of ziyuglycoside Ⅰ in rat plasma was determined by UPLC-Orbitrap Fusion Lumos Tribrid-MS， and the drug-time curve was poltted. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by Kinetica 5.1 software， and the differences in pharmacokinetic parameters between different administration groups were compared by independent sample t-test with SPSS 22.0. ResultsThe pharmacokinetic results showed that after receiving the different doses of ziyuglycoside Ⅰ， its concentration increased first and then decreased， and all of them reached the maximum plasma concentration at about 0.5 h. The area under the curve（AUC_0-t） and mean retention time（MRT_0-t） of normal and model rats increased with the increased dose， and the clearance（CL） decreased with the increasing dose. Compared with the normal group， the AUC_0-t was significantly increased（P<0.01）， peak concentration（C_max） and CL decreased in model rats at different doses， indicating that the physiological state of the rats could affect the absorption and elimination of ziyuglycoside Ⅰ in vivo. ConclusionThe pharmacokinetic characteristics of ziyuglycoside Ⅰ are quite different in normal rats and acute kidney injury model rats， which may be due to the change of the body environment in the pathological state， then lead to changes in absorption and metabolic processes.

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) represents a paradigmatic approach to personalized medicine, developed through the systematic accumulation and refinement of clinical empirical data over more than 2000 years, and now encompasses large-scale electronic medical records (EMR) and experimental molecular data. Artificial intelligence (AI) has demonstrated its utility in medicine through the development of various expert systems (e.g., MYCIN) since the 1970s. With the emergence of deep learning and large language models (LLMs), AI's potential in medicine shows considerable promise. Consequently, the integration of AI and TCM from both clinical and scientific perspectives presents a fundamental and promising research direction. This survey provides an insightful overview of TCM AI research, summarizing related research tasks from three perspectives: systems-level biological mechanism elucidation, real-world clinical evidence inference, and personalized clinical decision support. The review highlights representative AI methodologies alongside their applications in both TCM scientific inquiry and clinical practice. To critically assess the current state of the field, this work identifies major challenges and opportunities that constrain the development of robust research capabilities-particularly in the mechanistic understanding of TCM syndromes and herbal formulations, novel drug discovery, and the delivery of high-quality, patient-centered clinical care. The findings underscore that future advancements in AI-driven TCM research will rely on the development of high-quality, large-scale data repositories; the construction of comprehensive and domain-specific knowledge graphs (KGs); deeper insights into the biological mechanisms underpinning clinical efficacy; rigorous causal inference frameworks; and intelligent, personalized decision support systems.
Medicine, Chinese Traditional/methods* ; Artificial Intelligence ; Humans ; Precision Medicine ; Decision Support Systems, Clinical

Background Prenatal exposure to chlorinated polyfluorinated ether sulfonic acid (Cl-PFESA, commercially known as F-53B) during pregnancy has been associated with fetal growth restriction and adverse birth outcomes. These effects may be mediated by structural and functional impairments of the placenta, potentially resulting from disrupted placental angiogenesis. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Objective To explore the impact of prenatal F-53B exposure on fetal development, placental pathology, and the expression of genes involved in angiogenesis by establishing an F-53B exposure animal model. Methods A total of 48 sexually mature female SD rats aged 8 weeks were selected, along with 24 proven male breeders. The rats were acclimatized for one week before mating. Pregnant rats were assigned to four groups: control (0 mg·kg⁻¹), low-dose (0.1 mg·kg⁻¹), medium-dose (1 mg·kg⁻¹), and high-dose (5 mg·kg⁻¹). Half of the pregnant rats in each group were administered the test substance by oral gavage once daily from gestational day (GD) 5.5 to GD17.5. The fetuses and placentas were dissected and weighed, and placental efficiency was calculated as the ratio of fetal weight to placental weight, reflecting the placenta’s capacity to supply nutrients to the fetus. Placental histopathological alterations were assessed after hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was conducted to assess the mRNA expression levels of angiogenesis-related genes, including hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) and its receptor (VEGFR2), as well as downstream genes in the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway. To evaluate the potential impact of prenatal F-53B exposure on birth outcomes, including birth weight and gestational age, the remaining half of the pregnant rats in each group were continuously exposed to the test substance until delivery. Results F-53B exposure significantly reduced fetal weight across all exposure groups (P<0.05) and markedly increased the incidence of intrauterine growth restriction (P<0.01). Although placental weights did not differ significantly among groups, placental efficiency was significantly decreased in the high-dose group (P<0.05). The histological analysis after HE staining revealed disorganized trophoblast cell structure and a significant reduction in labyrinthine blood sinus area in the medium- and high-dose groups. The qPCR analysis showed that HIF-1α expression was significantly upregulated in the low-dose group (P<0.001), while VEGFA (P<0.01), PI3K (P<0.001), and AKT (P<0.05) expression levels were significantly downregulated in the medium- and high-dose groups. Conclusion Maternal exposure to F-53B during pregnancy may impair placental angiogenesis via VEGFA and its downstream PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, leading to placental pathological damage and increasing the risk of intrauterine growth restriction and reduced birth weight in fetuses.

Objective To investigate the effects of circ_UBE2C on the proliferation and glycolysis of lung cancer cells and its mechanism of action.Methods The expression of circ_UBE2C,miR-107,and hexokinase 2(HK2)in lung cancer tissues and normal lung tissues were analyzed based on the The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)database.Kaplan-Meier survival curve was plotted to analyze the correlation between circ_UBE2C/miR-107/HK2 expression and survival of the lung cancer patients.qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of circ_UBE2C and miR-107,and Western blotting was employed to measure the expression of HK2 and PCNA in human normal lung epithelial cells(BEAS-2B)and human lung cancer cell lines(A549,NCI-H460,and NCI-H1299).Then A549 and NCI-H1299 cells were divided into the blank group(NC),circ_UBE2C knockdown group(si-circ),HK2 knockdown group(si-HK2),simultaneous knockdown of miR-107+HK2 group(miR-inhibitor+si-HK2),and simultaneous knockdown of circ_UBE2C+miR-107 group(si-circ+miR-inhibitor).CCK-8 assay and colony formation assay were employed to measure the proliferation of above cell groups.The glucose uptake,lactate generation,and ATP production in the cells were measured by glucose uptake colorimetric assay kit,lactic acid detection kit,and ATP content determination kit,respectively.Seahorse XF glycolytic stress test and Seahorse XF cellular mitochondrial stress test were respectively performed to detect the extracellular acidification ratio(ECAR)and cellular oxygen consumption ratio(OCR).The targeting relationship between the circ_UBE2C and miR-107,and miR-107 and HK2 was validated by dual-luciferase reporter gene assay.Results Compared with normal lung tissues,the expression of circ_UBE2C and HK2 was up-regulated,while that of miR-107 was down-regulated in lung cancer tissues(P＜0.05).The expression of circ_UBE2C and HK2 was elevated,and that of miR-107 was reduced in A549 and NCI-H1299 cells when compared with BEAS-2B cells(P＜0.05).Survival analysis showed that the patients with high expression of circ_UBE2C and HK2 or low expression of miR-107 had shorter survival(P＜0.05).Compared with the NC group,both si-circ and si-HK2 resulted in significantly reduced proliferation,glucose uptake,lactate generation,ATP production,and ECAR and OCR values in A549 and NCI-H1299 cells(P＜0.05).Dual luciferase reporter gene assay confirmed that circ_UBE2C could directly bind to and negatively regulate miR-107 expression.HK2 was then identified as a downstream target of miR-107.Compared with the si-HK2 group,the proliferative ability and glycolysis level of A549 and NCI-H1299 cells were significantly increased in the miR-inhibitor+si-HK2 group and the si-circ+miR-inhibitor group.Conclusion Knockdown of circ_UBE2C significantly suppresses the proliferation and glycolysis of lung cancer cells via targeting up-regulation of miR-107 and then exerting inhibitory effect on HK2 expression.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy has achieved remarkable success in the treatment of hematological malignancies. Based on the immunomodulatory capability of CAR-T cells, efforts have turned toward exploring their potential in treating autoimmune diseases. Bibliometric analysis of 210 records from 128 academic journals published by 372 institutions in 40 countries/regions indicates a growing number of publications on CAR-T therapy for autoimmune diseases, covering a range of subtypes such as systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis, among others. CAR-T therapy holds promise in mitigating several shortcomings, including the indiscriminate suppression of the immune system by traditional immunosuppressants, and non-sustaining therapeutic levels of monoclonal antibodies due to inherent pharmacokinetic constraints. By persisting and proliferating in vivo, CAR-T cells can offer a tailored and precise therapeutics. This paper reviewed preclinical experiments and clinical trials involving CAR-T and CAR-related therapies in various autoimmune diseases, incorporating innovations well-studied in the field of hematological tumors, aiming to explore a safe and effective therapeutic option for relapsed/refractory autoimmune diseases.

Objective To explore the clinical effect of Zishen Yutai pill combined with beimiheparin sodium in the treatment of recurrent spontaneous abortion(RSA)of kidney deficiency and blood stasis type.Methods A total of 98 RSA patients with kidney deficiency and blood stasis type admitted to Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital from January 2021 to June 2023 were randomly divided into observation group and control group,49 cases in each group.The patients of control group were treated with beimiheparin sodium,while the patients of observation group were treated with Zishen Yutai pill.Compare the clinical efficacy,traditional Chinese medicine syndrome score,sex hormone levels,uterine artery blood flow parameters,fetal protection status,and adverse reactions between two groups.Results After treatment,the total effective rate of observation group was higher than that of control group(P＜0.05);Observation group had lower rates of repeated pregnancies,falls,lumbosacral pain,vaginal bleeding,and knee soreness and softness scores than control group(P＜0.05);The levels of progesterone,human chorionic gonadotropin,and estradiol in observation group were higher than those in control group(P＜0.05);The uterine artery resistance index,systolic and diastolic flow velocity ratio,and pulse index in observation group were lower than those in control group(P＜0.05);The success rate and live birth rate of observation group were higher than those of control group(P＜0.05);There was no statistically significant difference in the adverse reactions between two groups of patients(P＞0.05).Conclusion The combination of Zishen Yutai pill and beimiheparin sodium can improve the therapeutic effect of RSA patients,improve their sex hormone levels,facilitate fetal preservation,and increase the final live birth rate.

Alzheimer's disease(AD) is a common neurodegenerative disease with increasing incidence rate. Up to now,there is no ideal treatment for AD. It has become a public health problem worldwide. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) believes that kidney deficiency is the key symptomatic element of deterioration and temporal progression symptoms,accompanied by the AD process. The treatment of tonifying kidneys,supplementing essence and replenishing marrow is the fundamental method for AD in TCM. Clinical studies have shown that kidney-tonifying formula can significantly improve the cognitive function and daily ability of patients with mild and moderate AD and have no obvious adverse reactions. Its mechanism of action may be related to the protection of nerves,reduction of β-amyloid (Aβ) level in the brain,inhibition of inflammatory factors activation and anti-oxidative stress. Besides reviewing the clinical and pharmacological research progress of kidney-tonifying formula for AD,this article also discusses the advantages and shortcomings of kidney-tonifying formula in the prevention and treatment of AD based on TCM theory and modern medical research. The aim of this study is to provide references of kidney nourishing therapy in TCM for the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.

Objective To study the application effect of quality control circle(QCC)in reducing the dissatisfaction rate of physical examination clients in health management center.Methods To establish QCC,selected the health check-up popula-tion in our hospital in September-2019 and March-2020,through the questionnaire investigation and analysis,compare the dis-satisfaction of the clients before and after the quality control circle.Results After carrying out QCC activities,the dissatisfaction of physical examination clients was significantly lower than that before QCC,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion The activities of QCC in the health management center can effectively improve the quality of the physical examination work and reduce the dissatisfaction of the customers in the physical examination.It is of great significance to the health management.