Objective To investigate the association between the index finger and ring finger length ratio (2D ∶ 4D) and of four loci (rs6461992‚ rs6968828‚ rs7801581‚ rs17427875) polymorphism of homeobox (HOX) A11 gene among Ningxia college students. Methods Digit camera was used to collect frontal hand photos of 667 Han college students (348 males and 319 females) from Ningxia province; Image analysis software was used to mark the anatomical points and measure finger lengths of the index and ring fingers of both hands; multiplex PCR was used to detect each locus polymorphisms of HOXA11 gene; statistical software was used to compare and analyze the differences and associations of 2D ∶4D and gene polymorphisms between different genders. Results Among Ningxia Han college students‚ both left hand and right hand 2D ∶ 4D were significantly higher in females than those of in males (all P< 0. 05)‚ and there were no significant sex differences in right-left hand 2D ∶4D; the genotypes and allele frequencies of rs7801581 locus of HOXA11 gene differed significantly between genders (all P < 0. 05)‚ and none of the other locus polymorphisms showed any significant sex differences; only female left hand 2D ∶4D was significantly associated with rs6461992 locus genotype in the relationship between 2D ∶4D and HOXA11 polymorphisms (P<0. 05). Conclusion There were significant sex differences in 2D ∶ 4D among Han college students in Ningxia‚ and the rs6461992 locus polymorphism of HOXA11 gene may be associated with the formation of 2D ∶4D in females.

Objective To investigate the association of 13 single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)sites in 6 phalange-bone development related genes[fibroblast growth factor receptor 2(FGFR2),indian hedgehog signaling molecule(IHH),Msh homeobox 1(MSX1),Runx family transcription factor 2(RUNX2),SRY-box transcription factor 9(SOX9),Wnt family member 5A(WNT5A)]with human index-ring finger length ratio(2D∶4D).Methods Digital cameras were used to take frontal photographs of the hands of 731 college students(358 males and 373 females)in Ningxia,and image analysis software was used to mark anatomical points and measure finger lengths of index(2th)and ring(4th);genotyping of 13 SNP sites(rs1047057,rs755793,rs41258305,rs3731881,rs3100776,rs12532,rs3821949,rs45585135,rs3749863,rs1042667,rs12601701,rs1829556,rs3732750)for 6 genes by multiplex PCR;One-Way ANOVA or independent sample t-test indirectly assessed the association between 2D∶4D and 13 SNP sites.Results Both left and right hand 2D∶4D were significantly higher in females than males in Ningxia college students(all P<0.01);no statistically significant differences in genotype and allele frequencies of the 13 SNP sites among different sexes(all P>0.05);among different sexes,male left hand 2D∶4D was significantly associated with the genotype of SOX9 gene rs12601701 site(P<0.05)and right hand 2D∶4D was significantly associated with the genotype of WNT5A gene rs1829556 site(P<0.05);the female right hand 2D∶4D was significantly associated with the MSX1 gene rs12532(P<0.01)and rs3821949(P<0.05)sites genotypes.Conclusion SOX9(rs12601701),WNT5A(rs1829556)and MSX1(rs12532 and rs3821949)gene polymorphisms may be associated with the formation of 2D∶4D in Ningxia population.

Objective To investigate the relationship between digit ratio and schizophrenia in men from Ningxia Han nationality. Methods Using anthropometry, digital camera was used to obtain finger photographs of both hands of 216 male subjects (nonnal control; 116, schizophrenia patient; 100). The anatomical points were marked and the length of each finger of both hands were measured by computer image analysis software (Image-Pro Plus 6 . 0 ) . Differences of the mean digit ratio of left and right hand 2D:3D, 2D:4D, 2D:5D, 3D:4D, 3D:5D, 4D:5D between the control group and the patient group were compared. The correlation between 2D :4D and onset age in the patient group were analyzed. Results Except for left and right hand 3D :4D, digit ratios in patient group were significantly higher than those in control group (2D :4D and 3D :5D in both hands, right hand 3D :5D, p all<0. 001; 2D :3D and 4D :5D, left hand 3D :5D, P<0. 0 1 ) . Compared with the control group (left hand; 1%, right hand; 1%) , the percentage of 2D:4D Ss 1 were significantly higher ( P<0. 05) in the patient group (left hand; 6% , right hand; 7%). There were no conelations between 2D :4D mean value and onset age in patients group (P>0. 05). Conclusion Digit ratio is related to the occurrence of schizophrenia in Ningxia Han male.

Objective To investigate the association between 8 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD) gene family and human digit ratio (2D ∶ 4D). Methods Randomly selected 808 college students (400 males and 408 females) as subjects, the digit ratio of left and right fingers were measured and calculated using computer image software. Eight SNPs (rs1000283, rs2236903, rs5479, rs56303414, rs676387, rs4445895, rs2066474, rs8190478) in HSD11B and HSD17B gene families were genotyped by multiplex PCR. The association between 2D ∶4D and different genotypes was analyzed by One-Way ANOVA. Results Female left hand(L)2D ∶ 3D, L2D ∶4D, L3D ∶4D, right hand(R)2D ∶4D, R2D ∶5D were significantly higher than male (P<0. 05). The genotype frequency of rs2236903 (HSD11B1) was significantly different between male and female (P < 0. 05). A good linkage disequilibrium was found between rs1000283and rs2236903 of HSD11B1 gene, rs5479 and rs56303414 of HSD11B2 gene, but there was no statistical difference in frequency between male and female students(P>0. 05). The genotypes frequency of the 8 SNPs were not significantly associated with digit ratio (2D ∶4D) in both males and females (P>0. 05). Conclusion There are significant gender differences in digit ratio in Ningxia Han college students, but there is no correlation between digit ratio and 8 SNPs in HSD11B and HSD17B gene families, suggesting that HSD11B and HSD17B gene families may have nothing to do with the formation of human digit ratio.

Objective:To summarize the clinical features of intestinal Beh?et′s disease, so as to provide reference for the diagnosis of the disease.Methods:From April 1 2014 to January 31 2019, the clinical data of 47 patients diagnosed as intestinal Beh?et′s disease at the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University were retrospectively analyzed, which included initial symptoms, gastrointestinal symptoms, complications, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), the levels of C reactive protein (CRP), hemoglobin, serum albumin, results of acupuncture test, gastrointestinal involved site and ulcer shape. At the same time, gender differences of clinical manifestations were compared. Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis.Results:Among 47 patients with intestinal Beh?et′s disease, the initial symptoms of 26 (55.3%) cases were gastrointestinal symptoms. Abdominal pain was the most common symptom, the others were diarrhea, anorexia, abdominal distension and perianal abscess, and the incidence rate was 80.9%(38/47), 46.8% (22/47), 42.6% (20/47), 36.2% (17/47) and 2.1% (1/47), respectively. The main complications were gastrointestinal bleeding, perforation and obstruction, and the incidence rates was 40.4% (19/47), 4.3% (2/47) and 4.3% (2/47), respectively. Thirty-seven (78.7%) patients had different degrees of hypoalbuminemia (serum albumin<35 g/L). The CRP level of 36(76.6%) patients increased. The ESR of 36 (76.6%) patients increased. Twenty-two (46.8%) patients had mild anemia (hemoglobin<90 g/L). The acupuncture test was positive in 25 (53.2%) patients. The involved sites of gastrointestinal tract were terminal ileum and ileocecal junction, colon, esophagus, duodenum and jejunum, stomach, and rectum, the proportion was 57.4% (27/47), 27.2% (13/47), 23.4% (11/47), 23.4% (11/47), 17.0% (8/47) and 8.5% (4/47), respectively. All 47 (100.0%) patients had oral ulcers. 62.1%(18/29) patients presented with multiple ulcers under endoscope. The shape of ulcer was round ulcer, irregular ulcer, and longitudinal ulcer, the proportion was 48.3% (14/29), 34.5% (10/29) and 17.2 (5/29), respectively. The incidence rate of genital ulcer of female patients with intestinal Beh?et′s disease was higher than that of male patients with intestinal Beh?et′s disease (85.7%, 18/21 vs. 30.8%, 8/26), and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2=14.189, P<0.01). There were no significant differences between the female group and the male group in the incidence rate of oral ulcer, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and positive rate of acupuncture test (100.0%, 21/21 vs. 100.0%, 26/26; 85.7%, 18/21 vs. 76.9%, 20/26; 42.9%, 9/21 vs. 50.0%, 13/26; 52.4%, 11/21 vs. 58.3%, 14/26, all P>0.05). Conclusions:The common clinical symptoms of intestinal Beh?et′s disease are oral ulcers, abdominal pain, diarrhea and genital ulcer. Female patients with intestinal Beh?et′s disease are more likely to develop genital ulcer than male patients with intestinal Beh?et′s disease. Multiple ulcers are more common under endoscopy, which are round ulcer, irregular ulcer and longitudinal ulcer. The most common sites are the terminal ileum and ileocecal junction, followed by colon, esophagus and other parts.

Vacuum sealing drainage (VSD) is frequently used in abdominal surgeries. However, relevant guidelines are rare. Chinese Trauma Surgeon Association organized a committee composed of 28 experts across China in July 2017, aiming to provide an evidence-based recommendation for the application of VSD in abdominal surgeries. Eleven questions regarding the use of VSD in abdominal surgeries were addressed: (1) which type of materials should be respectively chosen for the intraperitoneal cavity, retroperitoneal cavity and superficial incisions? (2) Can VSD be preventively used for a high-risk abdominal incision with primary suture? (3) Can VSD be used in severely contaminated/infected abdominal surgical sites? (4) Can VSD be used for temporary abdominal cavity closure under some special conditions such as severe abdominal trauma, infection, liver transplantation and intra-abdominal volume increment in abdominal compartment syndrome? (5) Can VSD be used in abdominal organ inflammation, injury, or postoperative drainage? (6) Can VSD be used in the treatment of intestinal fistula and pancreatic fistula? (7) Can VSD be used in the treatment of intra-abdominal and extra-peritoneal abscess? (8) Can VSD be used in the treatment of abdominal wall wounds, wound cavity, and defects? (9) Does VSD increase the risk of bleeding? (10) Does VSD increase the risk of intestinal wall injury? (11) Does VSD increase the risk of peritoneal adhesion? Focusing on these questions, evidence-based recommendations were given accordingly. VSD was strongly recommended regarding the questions 2-4. Weak recommendations were made regarding questions 1 and 5-11. Proper use of VSD in abdominal surgeries can lower the risk of infection in abdominal incisions with primary suture, treat severely contaminated/infected surgical sites and facilitate temporary abdominal cavity closure.
Abdomen ; surgery ; China ; Drainage ; methods ; Evidence-Based Medicine ; Humans ; Practice Guidelines as Topic ; Societies, Medical ; organization & administration ; Surgical Wound Infection ; prevention & control ; Traumatology ; organization & administration ; Vacuum

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression of Wnt5b in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues and its correlation with the clinicopathological parameters.

METHODSQuantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemical staining were employed to measure Wnt5b mRNA and protein expressions in two groups of HBV-related HCC patients (100 cases in each) selected from a cohort of 289 cases with HBV-related HCC using simple random sampling method. The correlation of Wnt5b expression with the clinicopathological parameters and the prognosis of HCC patients was analyzed.

RESULTSWnt5b mRNA expression was significantly higher in HCC tissues than that of adjacent noncancerous tissues in 65.0% (65/100) of the cases, and the positivity rate of Wnt5b protein was significantly higher in HCC tissues than that of adjacent noncancerous tissues (58.0% vs 22.0%, P<0.05). Wnt5b expression was significantly correlated with the tumor size (P<0.05), tumor number (P<0.01, only at the protein level), tumor differentiation (P<0.01, only at the protein level), TNM stage (P<0.05), BCLC stage (P<0.05), metastasis (P<0.05) and recurrence (P<0.01). The patients with up-regulated Wnt5b mRNA and protein had a shorter relapse-free survival (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONs Up-regulated Wnt5b might contribute to the progression of HBV-related HCC and predicts a poor prognosis.

BACKGROUNDPrevious studies indicated that long coronary lesions are one of the key predictors of drug-eluting stent (DES) failure. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and the safety of the long length FIREHAWK(®) stent in long coronary artery disease.

METHODSThe long cohort of TARGET I was a prospective, multicenter, single arm trial. It was planned to enroll 50 patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for the treatment of de novo long lesions in a native coronary artery. The major inclusion criteria of the trial was that patients were intended to undergo the treatment of a long target lesion(s) with diameter stenosis ≥ 70% and reference vessel diameter 2.5 mm to 4.0 mm by visual estimate, that needed to be covered by at least one 33 mm or 38 mm stent or multiple long stents overlapped. The angiographic follow-up was planned at 9-month and the clinical follow-up will be up to 5 years. The primary end point was in-stent late lumen loss at 9-month.

RESULTSFifty patients (mean age (57.6 ± 10.2) years) with 59 de novo long lesions (reference vessel diameter (2.85 ± 0.44) mm, lesion length (35.2 ± 9.4) mm, and stent length (41.8 ± 11.3) mm) were enrolled. The angiographic follow-up rate was 92% at 9-month. The in-stent late loss was (0.16 ± 0.16) mm. Proximal edge, distal edge and in-segment late loss (mm) were 0.21 ± 0.35, 0.03 ± 0.33, and 0.07 ± 0.26, respectively. No in-segment binary restenosis was observed. At 1-year no death, Q wave myocardial infarction (MI), or stent thrombosis occurred. Non-Q-wave MI occurred in two patients (4%) due to procedural complications.

CONCLUSIONSTreatment of long coronary lesions with the FIREHAWK(®) stent is able to produce similar results as observed in the FIREHAWK(®) FIM clinical trial. Based on this result, we are confident in the treatment prospect of the FIREHAWK(®) for long coronary lesions.

Aged ; Coronary Artery Disease ; drug therapy ; therapy ; Drug-Eluting Stents ; adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Sirolimus ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo analyze the measles immunity level of persistent population in Beijing.

METHODSA total of 2125 objects from 10 age groups, who had been living in Beijing for over 6 months, were selected from urban and rural areas in Beijing in 2012. Demographic characteristics, history of measles and vaccine immunization were investigated by questionnaire. 5 ml blood sample of each subject was collected, and the Measles IgG antibody was measured by ELISA assay.

RESULTSPositive rate of measles antibody was 84.71% (1800/2125) and standardized positive rate was 88.07% . Median of antibody was 960.46 IU/L. Positive rate and median of measles antibody were significantly different between population from different age groups (χ(2) = 341.60, P < 0.01; H = 216.27, P < 0.01). Antibody positive rate and median were lowest in the <1 year age group, which were separately 43.06% (90/209) and 185.80 IU/L; and highest in the 1-4 (97.31% (181/186) and 2448.81 IU/L) and 5-9 years age group (96.46% (218/226) and 1910.72 IU/L). The range of antibody positive rate and median in adults of ≥ 15 years were 81.98%-90.14% and 744.38-1474.84 IU/L. Antibody positive rate and median in persistent population, which were separately 82.45% (883/1071) and 899.82 IU/L, were lower than those in migrant population, which were 87.00% (917/1054) and 166.19 IU/L, respectively (χ(2) = 8.51, P < 0.01;U = 538 704.00, P < 0.01). Antibody positive rate and median in population with vaccination history, which were separately 91.95% (891/969) and 1443.11 IU/L, were higher than those population without vaccination history and people whose history unknown (32.95% (57/173) , 127.33 IU/L; 86.67% (852/983) , 923.73 IU/L). The difference showed statistical significance (χ(2) = 399.92, P < 0.01; H = 202.11, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONAmong the persistent population in China, measles antibody level among the children aging 1-9 years old was high enough to prevent outbreak and epidemic of measles. However, we should try our best to strengthen the measles antibody level among the babies younger than 1 year old and the migrant population aging between 15 and 40 years old.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Antibodies, Viral ; blood ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Measles ; epidemiology ; immunology ; prevention & control ; Measles virus ; Young Adult

AIMTo observe the effect of melatonin (MT) on morphine withdrawal syndromes and determine the content of NO in plasma and brain tissue in morphine dependent mice.

METHODSA physical dependent model in mice was established by subcutaneous injection of morphine. MT (15 mg.kg-1, qd x 3) was given by intragastric infusion (ig) for three days. Withdrawal syndromes were induced by intraperitoneal injection of naloxon (5 mg.kg-1). The intensity of withdrawal syndromes was evaluated according to the jumping latency, the jumping times and the body weight loss. The content of NO was detected with Griess method.

RESULTSThe jumping latency of morphine withdrawal reaction was prolonged and the jumping times were reduced obviously by ig MT. The increased NO content in plasma and brain tissue in morphine dependent mice was reduced by ig MT.

CONCLUSIONThe physical withdrawal syndromes and the content of NO in plasma and brain tissue in morphine dependent mice are inhibited by MT.

Animals ; Brain ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Male ; Melatonin ; therapeutic use ; Mice ; Morphine Dependence ; blood ; Nitric Oxide ; blood ; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome ; blood ; prevention & control