Objective To observe the efficacy and safety of Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides in the continuation treatment of mild and moderate depression.Methods An open,single-arm,multi-center design was adopted in our study.Adult patients with mild and moderate depression who had received acute treatment of Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides were enrolled and continue to receive Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides capsules for 24 weeks,the dose remained unchanged during continuation treatment.The remission rate,recurrence rate,recurrence time,and the change from baseline to endpoint of Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD),Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA),Clinical Global Impression-Severity(CGI-S)and Arizona Sexual Experience Scale(ASEX)were evaluated.The incidence of treatment-related adverse events was reported.Results The scores of HAMD-17 at baseline and after treatment were 6.60±1.87 and 5.85±4.18,scores of HAMA were 6.36±3.02 and 4.93±3.09,scores of CGI-S were 1.49±0.56 and 1.29±0.81,scores of ASEX were 15.92±4.72 and 15.57±5.26,with significant difference(P＜0.05).After continuation treatment,the remission rate was 54.59％(202 cases/370 cases),and the recurrence rate was 6.49％(24 cases/370 cases),the recurrence time was(64.67±42.47)days.The incidence of treatment-related adverse events was 15.35％(64 cases/417 cases).Conclusion Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides capsules can be effectively used for the continuation treatment of mild and moderate depression,and are well tolerated and safe.

Hydrogen gas(H

Influenza is an acute respiratory infection caused by influenza viruses (IFV), According to the World Health Organization (WHO), seasonal IFV epidemics result in approximately 3-5 million cases of severe illness, leading to about half a million deaths worldwide, along with severe economic losses and social burdens. Unfortunately, frequent mutations in IFV lead to a certain lag in vaccine development as well as resistance to existing antiviral drugs. Therefore, it is of great importance to develop anti-IFV drugs with high efficiency against wild-type and resistant strains, needed in the fight against current and future outbreaks caused by different IFV strains. In this review, we summarize general strategies used for the discovery and development of antiviral agents targeting multiple IFV strains (including those resistant to available drugs). Structure-based drug design, mechanism-based drug design, multivalent interaction-based drug design and drug repurposing are amongst the most relevant strategies that provide a framework for the development of antiviral drugs targeting IFV.

Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) refers to the sudden and unexplained sensorineural hearing loss within 72 h and a decrease in hearing of ≥30 dB affecting at least 3 consecutive frequencies. It is one of the common emergencies in neurology and otolaryngology. Early etiological evaluation and systematic and targeted treatment are very important for delaying the progression of SSNHL and restoring hearing. Recent studies have shown that SSNHL overlaps with vascular risk factors of ischemic stroke, and may predict the risk of ischemic stroke. SSNHL may be one of the clinical manifestation and even the prodromal symptoms of ischemic stroke, especially the infarction of the blood supply area of the anterior inferior cerebellar artery or its branch internal auditory artery. Although these factors can not fully reveal the relationship between SSNHL and ischemic stroke, they are enough to warn clinicians that they should consider the possibility of ischemic stroke when receiving patients with SSNHL. Screening of vascular risk factors for patients with SSNHL as early as possible is helpful to avoid the risk of recurrence of ischemic stroke.

Objective:To analyze the difference and clinical significance of reflux related parameters between patients with reflux asthma (RA) and typical gastroesophageal reflux disease (TGERD).Methods:From June 2017 to June 2020, at PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, the clinical data of 120 patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) who underwent gastroscopy, high-resolution esophageal manometry (HREM) and 24 h pH-impedance monitoring contemporaneously were retrospectively analyzed. The GERD patients were divided into RA group and TGERD group according to the symptom correlated indexes, 60 cases in each group. The reflux related indexes of two groups were compared, which included reflux esophagitis (RE) score, esophageal hiatal hernia, Hill grade score of gastroesophageal flap valve, upper esophageal sphincter (UES) pressure, DeMeester score, and reflux episodes. Mann-Whitney U test and chi-square test were used for statistical analysis. Results:There were no significant differences in RE score and Hill grade score between TGERD group and RA group (0.0, 0.0 to 1.0 vs. 0.0, 0.0 to 1.8; 3.0, 2.0 to 3.0 vs. 3.0, 2.0 to 3.0) (both P>0.05). The detection rate of UES pressure less than 34 mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) of RA group was higher than that of TGERD group (41.7%, 25/60 vs. 23.3%, 14/60), and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2=4.596, P=0.032). The UES pressure of RA group was lower than that of TGERD group (51.7 mmHg, 23.6 mmHg to 70.1 mmHg vs. 62.0 mmHg, 37.4 mmHg to 77.4 mmHg), and the difference was statistically significant ( Z=-2.105, P=0.035). There were no significant differences in other parameters of HREM between TGERD group and RA group (all P>0.05). The detection rates of DeMeester score more than 14.7, acid exposure time more than 4.5% and total reflux episodes more than 73 episodes of RA group were all higher than those of TGERD group (41.7%, 25/60 vs. 23.3%, 14/60; 40.0%, 24/60 vs. 21.7%, 13/60; 38.3%, 23/60 vs. 20.0%, 12/60, respectively), and the differences were all statistically significant ( χ2=5.546, 4.728 and 4.881, all P<0.05). The total reflux episodes and weak acid gas reflux episodes of RA group were both higher than those of TGERD group (60 episodes, 43 episodes to 98 episodes vs. 52 episodes, 34 episodes to 69 episodes; 12 episodes, 6 episodes to 21 episodes vs. 9 episodes, 3 episodes to 14 episodes), and the differences were statistically significant ( Z=-2.323 and -2.053, both P<0.05). There were no significant differences in other parameters of 24 h pH-impedance monitoring between TGERD group and RA group (all P>0.05). Conclusion:Low UES pressure, abnormal esophageal acid exposure and increased reflux episodes, especially weak acid gas reflux episodes, may be more likely to induce RA.

BACKGROUND: Shenyankangfu Tablet (SYKFT) is a Chinese patent medicine that has been used widely to decrease proteinuria and the progression of chronic kidney disease. OBJECTIVE: This trial compared the efficacy and safety of SYKFT, for the control of proteinuria in primary glomerulonephritis patients, against the standard drug, losartan potassium. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS AND INTERVENTION: This was a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial. Primary glomerulonephritis patients, aged 18-70 years, with blood pressure ≤ 140/90 mmHg, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥ 45 mL/min per 1.73 m MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcome was change in the 24-hour proteinuria level, after 48 weeks of treatment. RESULTS: A total of 735 participants were enrolled. The percent decline of urine protein quantification in the SYKFT group after 48 weeks was 8.78% ± 2.56% (P = 0.006) more than that in the losartan 50 mg group, which was 0.51% ± 2.54% (P = 1.000) less than that in the losartan 100 mg group. Compared with the losartan potassium 50 mg group, the SYKFT plus losartan potassium 50 mg group had a 13.39% ± 2.49% (P < 0.001) greater reduction in urine protein level. Compared with the losartan potassium 100 mg group, the SYKFT plus losartan potassium 100 mg group had a 9.77% ± 2.52% (P = 0.001) greater reduction in urine protein. With a superiority threshold of 15%, neither was statistically significant. eGFR, serum creatinine and serum albumin from the baseline did not change statistically significant. The average change in TCM syndrome score between the patients who took SYKFT (-3.00 [-6.00, -2.00]) and who did not take SYKFT (-2.00 [-5.00, 0]) was statistically significant (P = 0.003). No obvious adverse reactions were observed in any group. CONCLUSION: SYKFT decreased the proteinuria and improved the TCM syndrome scores of primary glomerulonephritis patients, with no change in the rate of decrease in the eGFR. SYKFT plus losartan potassium therapy decreased proteinuria more than losartan potassium therapy alone. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT02063100 on ClinicalTrials.gov.

Objective:To study on the differences of profile spectra among chemical components in Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex from different varieties and habitats,and to screen and identify the characteristic components affecting the quality difference of this herb. Method:The chromatogram data sets of Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex from different varieties and habitats were obtained by liquid chromatography-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry(LC-TOF-MS).Principal component analysis,partial least squares-discriminant analysis and cluster analysis were used to compare the differences in chemical profiles among Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex from different varieties and habitats,and adopted to screen out the characteristic chemical constituents that resulted in these differences and to perform mass spectrometry analysis and comparison. Result:Eleven characteristic peaks were identified by LC-TOF-MS chromatographic data and reported in the literature.The use of chemical profile could distinguish different habitats of Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex,but could not completely distinguish different varieties of this herb. Conclusion:LC-TOF-MS can easily and quickly study on the profile differences of chemical substances in Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex from different varieties and different habitats,the results of this study can provide a theoretical basis for the quality evaluation and pharmacodynamic material basis of this herb.

OBJECTIVE: To follow up the participants of the randomized clinical trial "Efficacy and Safety of Niaoduqing Particles () for Delaying Moderate-to-Severe Renal Dysfunction", and assess the long-term effects of Niaoduqing Particles on delaying the progression of renal dysfunction. METHODS: Participants, who had previously been randomly assigned to receive Niaoduqing Particles or placebo for 24 weeks (146 cases in each group), were invited to follow-up and all were administered Niaoduqing Particles 5 g thrice daily and 10 g before bedtime for 24 weeks. The primary endpoints were changes in baseline serum creatinine (Scr) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) after completion of the open-label treatment period. RESULTS: After the double-blind period, the median (interquartile range) changes in Scr were 1.1 (-13.0-24.1) and 11.7 (-2.6-42.9) μmol/L for the Niaoduqing Particle and placebo groups, respectively (P=0.008), and the median changes in eGFRs were-0.2 (-4.3-2.7) and-2.21 (-5.7-0.8) mL•min•1.73 m, respectively (P=0.016). There were significant differences in the double-blind period changes in renal function between groups. After the open-label period, the median changes in Scr were 9.0 (-10.0-41.9) and 17.5 (-6.0-50.0) μmol/L for the Niaoduqing Particle and placebo groups according to baseline grouping, respectively (P=0.214), and the median changes in eGFRs were-2.3 (-6.4-1.9) and-3.7 (-7.5-1.1) mL•min•1.73 m, respectively (P=0.134). There were no statistical differences in the open-label period changes in renal function between groups. The eGFR reduction of participants who accepted Niaoduqing Particle treatment for 48 weeks was projected to 2.5 mL•min•1.73 m per year. CONCLUSION Niaoduqing Particles appear to have long-term efficacy for patients with moderate-to-severe renal dysfunction. Although there was no statistical difference, the early use of Niaoduqing Paticles seems to ameliorate the worsening of renal function. (Trial registration No. ChiCTR-TRC-12002448).
Adult ; Disease Progression ; Double-Blind Method ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glomerular Filtration Rate ; drug effects ; Humans ; Kidney Diseases ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Outcome Assessment (Health Care)

BACKGROUNDInterleukin (IL)-37, also called IL1F7, is a natural inhibitor of inflammatory and immune responses. It is involved in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study aimed to investigate the role of IL1F7 gene polymorphism in RA susceptibility in a large cohort of patients.

METHODSFive selected single-nucleotide polymorphisms in IL1F7 genes (rs2723186, rs3811046, rs4241122, rs4364030, and rs4392270) were genotyped by TaqMan Allelic Discrimination in Northern Chinese Han population. The allele and the genotype were compared between patients with RA and healthy controls. Association analyses were performed on the entire data set and on different RA subsets based on the status of the anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody and the rheumatoid factor by logistic regression, adjusting for age and gender.

RESULTSTrend associations were detected between rs2723186, rs4241122, rs4392270, and RA in Stage I (160 patients with RA; 252 healthy controls). Further validation in Stage II comprised 730 unrelated patients with RA (mean age: 54.9 ± 12.6 years; 81.6% females) and 778 unrelated healthy individuals (mean age: 53.5 ± 15.7 years; 79.5% females). No significant differences in the distributions of alleles and genotypes were observed between the case and control groups in both the entire set and the different RA subsets. Disease activity and age of RA onset were also not associated with genotype distributions.

CONCLUSIONIL1F7 gene polymorphism does not significantly influence RA susceptibility in the Northern Chinese Han population.

Public library, academic library and special library are different kinds of library. The aim, objects, contents of service and the different characteristics, needs, problems of smart construction depend on their different functional positions. The problems and challenges faced by smart construction were pointed out based on the analy-sis of the origin, concept and characteristics of smart construction, domestic studies on smart construction, in com-bination with the different functional positions of public library, academic library and special library, and the needs of their smart construction. Suggestions were thus put forward for their solution.