Aim To study the role of Cx43 hemichannel in rats with acute incision pain. Methods Adult male rats were randomly divided into normal saline group(C group), incision pain group(I group), Gap19 group. Western blot was used to determine the expression of Cx43 and GFAP at 6 h, 3 d and 7 d after paw incision surgery of rats. The rats were intrathecal injected with Gap19 30 min before incision surgery, followed by the measurement of the paw withdrawal threshold to mechanical stimuli at several time points. Immunofluorescence was used to detect the expression of Cx43 and GFAP. ELISA was performed to detect the different inflammatory cytokine levels in rats after surgery. Results Compared with group C, the expression of Cx43 and GFAP of rats increased significantly 6 h after incision surgery in group I, while their expression at postoperative 3 d and 7 d showed no obvious alteration. Compared with the preoperative baseline, the mechanical paw withdrawal threshold in I group and Gap19 group rats was significantly reduced at 2 h, 6 h, 24 h and 3 d post-incision(P<0.01), but it had no obvious change on postoperative 7 d. Compared with group I, the mechanical paw withdrawal threshold in rats of Gap19 group increased 2 h, 6 h, 24 h post-incision, while it showed no statistical difference on 3 d and 7 d post-incision. Compared with group C, immunofluorescence results showed that the expression of GFAP and Cx43 in spinal cord dorsal horn astrocytes also increased significantly in Group I 6 h after incision surgery. Compared with group I, GFAP and the expression of Cx43 were markedly reduced in Gap19 group. There was no statistical difference on 7 d post-incision. Compared with those in group C, the inflammation factors including IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-αobviously increased in group I. However, in contrary to the rats in group I, the rats pretreated with gap19 showed increased expression of Cx43 and GFAP in spinal cord dorsal horn. Conclusions Specific inhibition of Cx43 hemichannel significantly suppresses astrocyte activation and alters the inflammatory microenvironment in the spinal cord dorsal horn and reduces postoperative hyperalgesia in rats with acute incision pain.

ObjectiveTo study the value of pedicled orbital septum fat flap secured fixation in lower eyelid blepharoplasty. MethodsIn this retrospective study， 81 patients diagnosed as bulgy lower eyelid with tear trough deformity who underwent this procedure at the Department of Plastic Surgery of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University between January 2018 and March 2021 were reviewed. Through a percutaneous or transconjunctival incision， the orbicularis oculi were completely released over tear trough deformity. And orbital septum fat was released and firmly sutured to deep fat pat or periosteum as a flap. Extra orbital septum fat， and extra skin for percutaneous approach was excised to correct bulgy lower eyelid. ResultsThe follow-up was three to twelve months. Bulgy lower eyelid and tear trough deformity were significantly improved. Among them， two patients had hematoma， one patient had eyelid ectropion， one patient had palsy of one side of the middle and lower face， three patients who underwent transconjunctival incision had foreign body sensation， and all of them recovered after two weeks to three months. No other complications were reported. ConclusionPedicled orbital septum fat flap secured fixation in lower eyelid blepharoplasty shows great effect for bulgy lower eyelid with tear trough deformity， and maintains low restoration rate and low complication.

ObjectiveTo study the value of pedicled orbital septum fat flap secured fixation in lower eyelid blepharoplasty. MethodsIn this retrospective study， 81 patients diagnosed as bulgy lower eyelid with tear trough deformity who underwent this procedure at the Department of Plastic Surgery of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University between January 2018 and March 2021 were reviewed. Through a percutaneous or transconjunctival incision， the orbicularis oculi were completely released over tear trough deformity. And orbital septum fat was released and firmly sutured to deep fat pat or periosteum as a flap. Extra orbital septum fat， and extra skin for percutaneous approach was excised to correct bulgy lower eyelid. ResultsThe follow-up was three to twelve months. Bulgy lower eyelid and tear trough deformity were significantly improved. Among them， two patients had hematoma， one patient had eyelid ectropion， one patient had palsy of one side of the middle and lower face， three patients who underwent transconjunctival incision had foreign body sensation， and all of them recovered after two weeks to three months. No other complications were reported. ConclusionPedicled orbital septum fat flap secured fixation in lower eyelid blepharoplasty shows great effect for bulgy lower eyelid with tear trough deformity， and maintains low restoration rate and low complication.

Ginkgo biloba and Panax notoginseng are both herb medicines for cerebrovascular disease, and play an active role in treating ischemic cerebrovascular disease(ICVD). Their mechanisms of action include antioxidant stress, nerve protection, vascular protection. According to the comparative study of literatures, G. biloba has a certain protective effect from the early stage of free radical formation throughout the whole process of causing cell inflammation and apoptosis in antioxidant stress; while P. notoginseng has mainly anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptosis effects. In the nerve protection and repair of nerve damage caused by glutamate, both could promote neurogenesis, repair damaged axons and protect nerve cells. In addition, G. biloba could also relieve neurotoxicity caused by glutamate damage, while P. notoginseng have a unique effect in repairing blood-brain barrier(BBB) and blood vessel regeneration. In clinic, they are used as auxiliary drugs in combination with thrombolytic therapy, and play curative effects in alleviating inflammation, eliminating edema, improving the cure rate and the prognosis. For cerebral diseases caused by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion, G. biloba could reduce inflammation and improve cognition. In addition, G. biloba could protect neurocyte by adjusting the secretion of dopamine in vivo, and has a certain effect on antidepressant diseases, which however needs further studies.
Brain Ischemia ; drug therapy ; Ginkgo biloba ; Humans ; Panax notoginseng ; Phytotherapy ; Plant Extracts ; therapeutic use ; Plants, Medicinal

Objective To analyze the associations of blood pressure (BP) level with carotid intimamedia thickness (CIMT) and plaque in a middle-aged and elderly hypertensive population.Methods By block randomized sampling,an epidemiological investigation was conducted among hypertensives aged 45-75 years in the northeru rural area of Jiangsu Province.Blood pressure was measured,and carotid CIMT and plaquc were determined using a coloured ultrasonograph.The relationship between blood pressure level and CIMT or plaque was analyzed using a multivariable linear regression or logistic regression model.Results A total of 524 subjects (male 242) were enrolled.CIMT and plaque prevalence were (0.7 ± 0.1) mm and 46.3％ in males and (0.7 ± 0.1)mm and 34.0％ in females.After adjustment for relevant variables,CIMT increased 0.001 12 mm with 1 mmHg systolic BP increase in males (P ＜ 0.001) but this trend was not significant in females.The risk of plaque number ＞ 1 was significantly higher in those with grade Ⅲ hypertension compared to grade I hypertensives (OR:2.136,95％ CI:1.138-4.012,P =0.018).Conclusion In this middle-aged and elderly hypertensive population,carotid CIMT is positively in relation to systolic BP,especially for male patients.Higher BP is associated with higher risk of plaque occurrence.Hypertension is thus an independent risk factor for the formation of atherosclerosis.