Doctor-patient relationship and medical disputes became the central issues of recent society.Harmonious doctor-patient relationship is not only the fundamental of medical activity,but also the important part for establishing harmonious society.Establishing harmonious doctor-patient relationship and diminishing medical disputes will be realized by the effort of the whole society.Research on medical disputes in republic of China:reflection on harmonious doctor-patient relationship (Dalian Publishing House,2012,April) is sponsored by the Dalian Municipal Government.This book objectively analyzed underlying reasons for the occurrence of medical disputes,elaborated on factors for changes in medical disputes and provided references for handling of modern doctor-patient relationship from the aspects of medical risk,doctor-patient communication and patients' right based on historical vision.This book has special vision and novel content,creating a strong reality that calls for people illuminating.

Recently,as the exposure of the incident of‘octuplet’in Guangdong province,China's underground surrogate market has once again surfaced and led to a wide range of discussion.In this paper,the connotation and characteristics of surrogacy were analyzed and related laws and regulations of surrogacy in foreign countries were discussed.The main types of surrogacy-related legislation and regulations abroad are autonomy of private law,governmental regulation and complete prohibition.This paper carried out thorough legal analysis on whether to prohibit strictly or establish an authoritative legal system in view of the existing and ineffectively prohibited underground surrogate market in our country.

Medical innovation has a great economic and social significance.However,the medical innovation of our country is extremely weak,and the major Feseason for that is the shortage of innovarive talents.There are many proplems in cultivating creative talents.but the most important problems among them ale the shortage of power,the unreasonale structure of persons' knowledge and the lackage of innovation ability. In order to solve these problems.we must change the offical-cored idea to civilian-cored idea,make the authority-cored back to academic-cored,and then carry out educational reform based on this.

With reformation and innovation in hospital management,hospital culture is playing a more important role than before in the development of hospitals.HEPA(Hospital Employee Assistance Program) is considered as the efficient means of enhancing hospital culture construction with "put the human fundamental" as its principal.This present article is going to introduce the origin,development and function of HEAP as well as the concept of hospital culture,indicating that HEAP may contribute to increment of employees' achievement,improvement of hospital management and enhancement of hospital culture construction.

Objective:By means of balanced board,we can comprehensively assess the hospital and promote the hospital science progress from four aspects such as patient,finance,interior procedure,and the study and development.Method: Introducing the source content and character of the balanced board;Introducing the reason,qualification,instruction and effect for ChongQing NO 9 Hospital to apply the balance board.Result: We assessed the balance board from finance,interior procedure,patient,study and development: The hospital's operation income structure was more reasonable;the hospital's income is equal to the economic development;the medical staff's quality had been improved;the civilization and brand of hospital were generally promoted.Conclusion:Balance board can be used in the medical treatment and health care reformation.As a management method of hospital it can be combined with the hospital assessment items.When the hospital employs the balanced board,we can combine the management object and management cost,the development of hospital and patients' satisfaction,hospital income and local economical level as well as fee for medical treatment,performance and quality in order to promote the development of hospital.

Objective To investigate occupational stressandits relation with personality characteristics for offering basis to intervene the occupational stress. Methods Atestofoc cupational stressand personality characteristics was carried out with revised occupationalstress inventory (OSIR) and the sixteen personadity factor questionnaire (16PF) for 743 nurses. Results The scores of personal strain questionnaire (92.14 ?0.69) of OSIR for nurses are higher than the common example (84.78?18.16). and the scores of the factors in the personal resources questionnaire(123.98?0.68)are obviously lower than the common example. (130.02? 17.39) Personality characteristics are correlated with occupational stress. Personality characteristics such as vigilance,apprehension and tensiondisplaypositive correlation with personal strain andnegative correlation with personal resources. Personality characteristics such aswarmth,social boldness,perfectionism,ruleconsciousness,emotional stability and sensitivitydisplay negative correlation with personal strainandpositive correlation to personal resources. Conclusion The occupational stress of nurses is related to personality characteristics.

Objective To investigate the differences of perfectionism in undergraduates with different background. Methods Stratified-random sampling was used to recruit 1 298 undergraduates from two colleges in Chongqing,and Chinese Frost multidimensional perfectionism scale (CFMPS) was applied to survey their perfectionism. Totally 1 245 questionaires were taken back and the response rate was 95.9%. Results There was significant difference of CFMPS score among those who were only child or not in their family (P=0.009),of different performance records (P=0.008) and different mother’s education background (P=0.001). Conclusion Perfectionism is a stable personality,and shows some significant differences among the undergraduates with different background.

In the development of Chongqing, the issue of converting "population" into "manpower" must he settled, both in terms of theory and the present situation in Chongqing. In this conversion, education is of vital importance and hygiene is the guarantee, while medical education plays a role of special significance.

There is no direct causality between expansion of college students and the difficulties of obtaining employment for them. Economic factors are the impetus that promotes the higher education to become popular. And the competition of human capital makes the tendency necessary. The primary reasons for the difficulties of graduates' obtaining employment are as follows: Our county is presently in a difficult state of obtaining employment; There is press from adjust of industry structure ; Need of the society is far away from what the graduates expect ; The specialties and the need of the society are out of balance, thus the structural diffculties appear ; The quality of graduates is destroyed to some extent by the blindness of recruiting students. But the problem can be solved by taking some measures such furthering the reform of higher education to enssure the quality of education, facing the problems actively which our country tries to solve, and adjusting the specialty structure of colleges, helping graduates to set correct viewpoint to choose and obtain employment and the employers to set correct viewpoint to select employees, and so on .

At present,reform and development have entered a stage of social transition period in China.It is particularly necessary and urgent to explore general hospitals'sustainable development.With the SWOT analysis,this paper conducted an in-depth analysis on the current urban general hospitals,and brought forward proposals and reflection on the hospital reform and development.