Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics,distribution of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome types,and the anxiety and depression status in patients with colorectal polyps.Methods From January 2022 to December 2023,a total of 200 cases of patients with colorectal polyps(polyp group)and 100 patients without intestinal abnormalities(non-polyp group)under colonoscope who received colonoscopy or treatment at the Endoscopy Center of Dongguan Hospital,Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine were enrolled.The relevant medical information of the patients in the two groups were collected,and then TCM syndrome differentiation of patients with colorectal polyps were carried out,the general infromation including gender,age,body mass index(BMI),smoking history and alcohol-intake history was recorded,and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(HAD)score was calculated for assessing their anxiety and depression status.Results(1)The investigation of clinical characteristics showed that between the polyp group and the non-polyp group,the differences in the general information of gender,age,BMI,smoking history and alcohol-intake history were statistically significant(P<0.05 or P<0.01).As for the gender,the polyp group was predominated by the male(63.5%),while the non-polyp group was predominated by the female(58.0%),indicating that male patients were more likely to suffer from colorectal polyps.In terms of the age,the age group of 51-60 years old accounted for a higher percentage(36.0%)in the polyp group,while the age group of 41-50 years old accounted for a higher percentage(38.0%)in the non-polyp group,indicating that the polyp group had an elder average age than the non-polyp group.In addition,the percentages of patients with obesity(BMI≥28.0 kg/m2),smoking history,and alcohol-intake history in the polyp group were higher than those in the non-polyp group.(2)The analysis of features of colorectal polyps showed that the polyps were mostly seen in the left colon,accounting for 53.5%in the polyp group;adenomatous polyps accounted for 57.0%of all polyps;the size of colorectal polyps was usually less than one centimeter,accounting for 81.5%of all polyps;single colorectal polyps accounted for 45.5%,and multiple colorectal polyps accounted for 54.5%,indicating that colorectal polyps were usually multiple.(3)Among the 200 patients with colorectal polyps,there were 93 cases of syndrome of stagnation dampness due to spleen deficiency(46.5%),59 cases of dampness-heat in large intestine syndrome(29.5%),27 cases of liver depression and qi stagnation syndrome(13.5%),and 21 cases of dampness and blood stasis obstruction syndrome(10.5%).There were no statistically significant differences in the distribution of TCM syndrome types among colorectal polyp patients with different genders,ages,BMIs and alcohol consumption(P>0.05).The difference in the distribution of TCM syndrome types among colorectal polyp patients with or without smoking history was statistically significant(P<0.05).No statistically significant differences were shown in the distribution of TCM syndrome types among the colorectal polyp patients with various foci,number of polyps,and pathological types(P>0.05).The difference in the distribution of TCM syndrome types in colorectal polyp patients with different polyp sizes was statistically significant(P<0.05).In the patients with the polyp size0.05).In addition,the differences of anxiety scores and depression scores in the patients with various TCM syndrome types were not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusion(1)The distribution of TCM syndrome types of colorectal polyps is predominated by the syndrome of stagnation dampness due to spleen deficiency and dampness-heat in large intestine syndrome.The distribution of TCM syndrome types has no correlation with anxiety and depression,and the polyp foci,number of polyps,and pathological types of polyps,but has certain correlation with the size of the polyps.(2)Anxiety and depression may be the risk factors for colorectal polyps,but the polyp foci,number of polyps,and pathological types of polyps have no correlation with anxiety and depression,and the size of polyps may have certain correlation with anxiety.(3)Gender,age,smoking history and alcohol-intake history may be the risk factors for colorectal polyps.