The precise and rapid monitoring of multiple organ dysfunction is crucial in drug discovery. Traditional methods, such as pathological analysis, are often time-consuming and inefficient. Here, we developed a multiplexed near-infrared window two (NIR-II) fluorescent bioimaging method that allows for real-time, rapid, and quantitative assessment of multiple organ dysfunctions. Given that existing probes did not fully meet requirements, we synthesized a range of NIR-II hemicyanine dyes (HDs) with varying absorption and emission wavelengths. By modifying these dyes, we achieved high spatial and temporal resolution imaging of the liver, kidneys, stomach, and intestines. This method was further applied to investigate disorders induced by cisplatin, a drug known to cause gastric emptying issues along with liver and kidney injuries. By monitoring the metabolic rate of the dyes in these organs, we accurately quantified multi-organ dysfunction, which was also confirmed by gold-standard pathological analysis. Additionally, we evaluated the effects of five aristolochic acids (AAs) on multiple organ dysfunction. For the first time, we identified that AA-I and AA-II could cause gastric emptying disorders, which was further validated through transcriptomics analysis. Our study introduces a novel approach for the simultaneous monitoring of multi-organ dysfunction, which may significantly enhance the evaluation of drug side effects.

BACKGROUND:The patient underwent multiple hypoproteinemia after total hip arthroplasty,which affected postoperative healing and rehabilitation.OBJECTIVE:To investigate and screen the risk factors for hypoproteinemia after total hip arthroplasty,and to establish a nomogram prediction model so as to provide guidance for judging whether hypoproteinemia occurs after total hip arthroplasty.METHODS:A total of 355 patients who underwent total hip arthroplasty were included,and according to whether hypoproteinemia occurred on the first day after surgery,they were divided into 238 cases in the hypoproteinemia group and 117 cases in the normal group,with a hypoproteinemia rate of 67％.Data were collected,including age,gender,diabetes mellitus,hypertension,hyperuricemia,hyperlipidemia,anesthesia method,preoperative leukocytes,preoperative erythrocytes,preoperative hemoglobin,preoperative platelets,preoperative plasma prothrombin time,preoperative activated partial prothrombin time,preoperative international normalized ratio,preoperative thrombin time,preoperative fibrinogen,preoperative erythrocyte sedimentation rate,preoperative C-reactive protein,preoperative D-dimer,preoperative mean corpuscular hemoglobin content,preoperative mean corpuscular volume,operation time,body mass index,preoperative procalcitonin,and preoperative hematocrit.SPSS 27.0 software was used for univariate analysis,followed by R language(4.3.1)to perform least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression and 10-fold cross-validation of the observation indicators to obtain the intersection of the two risk factors.SPSS 27.0 software was used to perform multivariate binary logistic regression to obtain the final risk factors.The prediction model of hypoproteinemia after total hip arthroplasty was constructed by R language.The receiver operating characteristic curve,calibration curve,and clinical decision curve were constructed to assess the predictive model predictive ability.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Univariate analysis,least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression,and multivariate logistic regression were used to screen out significant differences in age(OR=1.024,P=0.023),preoperative platelets(OR=0.995,P=0.028),and preoperative erythrocyte sedimentation rate(OR=1.031,P=0.045)in judging whether hypoproteinemia would occur after surgery(P＜0.05).(2)The nomogram prediction model was constructed based on the final risk factors screened by multivariate Logistic regression,and the prediction ability of the model was evaluated by constructing the receiver operating characteristic curve,and the area under the calculated receiver operating characteristic curve reached 0.835(95％CI=0.779-0.891),C-index=0.835.A threshold of 0-0.83 could bring better clinical efficacy calculated by the decision curve analysis.The model has good sensitivity and accuracy,which can better identify the risk of postoperative hypoproteinemia for medical staff and patients before total hip arthroplasty.

Objective:To understand the epidemiological characteristics and spatiotemporal distribution of genital herpes in China from 2010 to 2023 and provide evidence for the prevention and control of genital herpes.Methods:The reported data of genital herpes cases in 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) in China from 2010 to 2023 were collected from the National Notifiable Infectious Disease Reporting System of China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention. Software Joinpoint 5.2.0 was used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of genital herpes, software ArcGIS 10.5 was used for spatial autocorrelation analysis, and software SaTScan 10.2.3 was used for spatiotemporal scanning analysis.Results:The reported incidence rate of genital herpes increased from 1.58/100 000 to 2.00/100 000 in China from 2010 to 2023, with an average annual percentage change of 0.90%. The upward trend of reported incidence rate was significant ( t=2.35, P=0.037). There was a positive spatial autocorrelation in the reported incidence of genital herpes with the global Moran's I ranging from 0.36 to 0.51 (all P<0.001). Local spatial autocorrelation analysis showed that the number of hotspots increased from 144 in 2010 to 232 in 2023, mainly distributed in provinces Zhejiang, Guangdong, Guangxi, Chongqing and Hunan. The number of hotspots in of Chongqing, Sichuan, Yunnan and Guizhou increased significantly from 7 to 57. A total of 67 spatiotemporal clusters were detected by spatiotemporal scanning analysis, mainly distributed in Guangdong from 2011 to 2015, in Zhejiang and Fujian from 2015 to 2019, and in Chongqing and Guizhou from 2019 to 2023. Conclusions:From 2010 to 2023, the reported incidence of genital herpes in China showed an upward trend, and there was an obvious spatiotemporal clustering of genital herpes. The distribution of hotspots was basically consistent with the distribution of spatiotemporal clustering areas, mainly distributed in the southeastern coastal area and southwestern region, and the spatiotemporal clustering areas gradually changed from the southeast coastal area to the southwest region.

Objective:To investigate and evaluate the correct cognition and influencing factors of mpox expertise among relevant Chinese clinicians and to provide a reference for prevention and control.Methods:A cross-sectional survey was conducted among clinicians in relevant departments using a structured questionnaire compiled by ourselves through a non-random network recruitment method. The content includes demography, clinical specialties, and characteristics of medical institutions, and 37 questions to evaluate the professional cognition of mpox etiology, clinical characteristics, transmission, prevention, and control. Using the modified Bloom's cutoff point to determine the correct answer is greater than or equal to 26 entitled correct cognition. A logistic regression model was used to analyze the factors influencing the correct cognition rate.Results:A total of 4 332 clinicians in 23 provinces (autonomous regions, municipality) in China were investigated by online questionnaires and 4 276 effective questionnaires were collected, with an effective rate of 98.71%. The mean age of the respondents was (39.46±9.54) years old, 61.18% were female. The overall correct cognition rate of mpox expertise was 62.04% (95% CI: 60.59%-63.50%), the correct cognition rates of mpox etiology, clinical characteristics, transmission, prevention and control were 48.25% (95% CI: 46.68%-49.82%), 78.66% (95% CI: 77.38%-79.95%), 68.56% (95% CI: 67.10%-70.02%), respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the relevant factors affecting the overall correct cognition of mpox expertise among Chinese clinicians included gender (female: OR=1.54, 95% CI: 1.31-1.80), region (eastern region: OR=1.46, 95% CI: 1.18-1.79; midwestern region: OR=1.24, 95% CI: 1.04-1.49), professional title (deputy senior: OR=1.43, 95% CI:1.16-1.76; senior: OR=1.72, 95% CI:1.30-2.28), the clinical field (the clinical fields of dermatology and venereal diseases: OR=1.78, 95% CI: 1.42-2.23). Conclusions:The overall correct cognition rate of mpox expertise among relevant Chinese clinicians was low. It was essential to conduct mpox knowledge training for clinicians in males, northeast regions, junior professional title and the clinical fields other than dermatology and venereal diseases to improve their correct cognition rates and epidemic prevention and control ability.

Objective To investigate the longitudinal relationship between sleep duration(SD)and positive youth development(PYD)among primary and secondary school students in Chengdu city using a cross-lagged model,and to provide scientific evidence for enhancing sleep management practices for students.Methods A total of 4061 students of grades 3 through 9 from the Chengdu Child Positive Development Cohort were included in this three-wave longitudinal study.There was a one-year interval between one survey and the following round of survey,and the time points for the baseline,12-month follow-up,and 24-month follow-up surveys were designated T0,T1,and T2.The PYD of the participants was assessed using the Chinese version of the Positive Youth Development Scale.The demographic data and the average daily SD over the past month were collected.Spearman correlation analysis was performed to examine the associations between SD and PYD,and a cross-lagged model was used to investigate the longitudinal relationship between them.Results The average daily SD for the 3 rounds of surveys conducted at T0,T1,and T2 was 9.00(8.04,10.00)hours,10.44(9.67,11.11)hours,and 10.39(9.83,11.00)hours,respectively,while the PYD scores were 5.30(4.73,5.71),5.27(4.73,5.73),and 5.39(4.89,5.77),respectively.Statistical significance was found in the differences of SD and PYD scores across the 3 rounds(P＜0.05).Spearman correlation analysis revealed synchronous correlations between SD and PYD at all three time points(r=0.10 at T0,r=0.18 at T1,and r=0.21 at T2,P＜0.05)and significant lagged correlations(e.g.,r=0.10 for T1-PYD and T2-SD,and likewise,significant correlation was found for the 3 other cross-lagged paths).The cross-lagged model demonstrated that PYD at T0 and T1 positively predicted SD at T1 and T2,respectively(β0-1=0.116[95％CI,0.083-0.150],β1-2=0.097(95％CI,0.067-0.127),P＜0.05),and that SD at T0 and T1 also positively predicted PYD at T1 and T2(β0-1=0.028[95％CI,0-0.056],β1-2=0.042[95％CI,0.010-0.074],P＜0.05).According to these findings,a bidirectional predictive relationship between SD and PYD across different time points was observed in primary and secondary school students.Furthermore,PYD demonstrated better performance for predicting SD than SD did for PYD.Subgroup analysis by sex confirmed the robustness of the predictive power of PYD for SD.Conclusion This study reveals a positive bidirectional predictive relationship between SD and PYD among primary and secondary school students,suggesting that higher levels of PYD may contribute to adequate sleep.These findings provide critical scientific evidence for schools and families to strengthen sleep management and promote the holistic development and well-being of adolescents.

Objective:To understand the epidemiological characteristics and spatiotemporal distribution of genital herpes in China from 2010 to 2023 and provide evidence for the prevention and control of genital herpes.Methods:The reported data of genital herpes cases in 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) in China from 2010 to 2023 were collected from the National Notifiable Infectious Disease Reporting System of China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention. Software Joinpoint 5.2.0 was used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of genital herpes, software ArcGIS 10.5 was used for spatial autocorrelation analysis, and software SaTScan 10.2.3 was used for spatiotemporal scanning analysis.Results:The reported incidence rate of genital herpes increased from 1.58/100 000 to 2.00/100 000 in China from 2010 to 2023, with an average annual percentage change of 0.90%. The upward trend of reported incidence rate was significant ( t=2.35, P=0.037). There was a positive spatial autocorrelation in the reported incidence of genital herpes with the global Moran's I ranging from 0.36 to 0.51 (all P<0.001). Local spatial autocorrelation analysis showed that the number of hotspots increased from 144 in 2010 to 232 in 2023, mainly distributed in provinces Zhejiang, Guangdong, Guangxi, Chongqing and Hunan. The number of hotspots in of Chongqing, Sichuan, Yunnan and Guizhou increased significantly from 7 to 57. A total of 67 spatiotemporal clusters were detected by spatiotemporal scanning analysis, mainly distributed in Guangdong from 2011 to 2015, in Zhejiang and Fujian from 2015 to 2019, and in Chongqing and Guizhou from 2019 to 2023. Conclusions:From 2010 to 2023, the reported incidence of genital herpes in China showed an upward trend, and there was an obvious spatiotemporal clustering of genital herpes. The distribution of hotspots was basically consistent with the distribution of spatiotemporal clustering areas, mainly distributed in the southeastern coastal area and southwestern region, and the spatiotemporal clustering areas gradually changed from the southeast coastal area to the southwest region.

Objective:To investigate and evaluate the correct cognition and influencing factors of mpox expertise among relevant Chinese clinicians and to provide a reference for prevention and control.Methods:A cross-sectional survey was conducted among clinicians in relevant departments using a structured questionnaire compiled by ourselves through a non-random network recruitment method. The content includes demography, clinical specialties, and characteristics of medical institutions, and 37 questions to evaluate the professional cognition of mpox etiology, clinical characteristics, transmission, prevention, and control. Using the modified Bloom's cutoff point to determine the correct answer is greater than or equal to 26 entitled correct cognition. A logistic regression model was used to analyze the factors influencing the correct cognition rate.Results:A total of 4 332 clinicians in 23 provinces (autonomous regions, municipality) in China were investigated by online questionnaires and 4 276 effective questionnaires were collected, with an effective rate of 98.71%. The mean age of the respondents was (39.46±9.54) years old, 61.18% were female. The overall correct cognition rate of mpox expertise was 62.04% (95% CI: 60.59%-63.50%), the correct cognition rates of mpox etiology, clinical characteristics, transmission, prevention and control were 48.25% (95% CI: 46.68%-49.82%), 78.66% (95% CI: 77.38%-79.95%), 68.56% (95% CI: 67.10%-70.02%), respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the relevant factors affecting the overall correct cognition of mpox expertise among Chinese clinicians included gender (female: OR=1.54, 95% CI: 1.31-1.80), region (eastern region: OR=1.46, 95% CI: 1.18-1.79; midwestern region: OR=1.24, 95% CI: 1.04-1.49), professional title (deputy senior: OR=1.43, 95% CI:1.16-1.76; senior: OR=1.72, 95% CI:1.30-2.28), the clinical field (the clinical fields of dermatology and venereal diseases: OR=1.78, 95% CI: 1.42-2.23). Conclusions:The overall correct cognition rate of mpox expertise among relevant Chinese clinicians was low. It was essential to conduct mpox knowledge training for clinicians in males, northeast regions, junior professional title and the clinical fields other than dermatology and venereal diseases to improve their correct cognition rates and epidemic prevention and control ability.

BACKGROUND:The patient underwent multiple hypoproteinemia after total hip arthroplasty,which affected postoperative healing and rehabilitation.OBJECTIVE:To investigate and screen the risk factors for hypoproteinemia after total hip arthroplasty,and to establish a nomogram prediction model so as to provide guidance for judging whether hypoproteinemia occurs after total hip arthroplasty.METHODS:A total of 355 patients who underwent total hip arthroplasty were included,and according to whether hypoproteinemia occurred on the first day after surgery,they were divided into 238 cases in the hypoproteinemia group and 117 cases in the normal group,with a hypoproteinemia rate of 67％.Data were collected,including age,gender,diabetes mellitus,hypertension,hyperuricemia,hyperlipidemia,anesthesia method,preoperative leukocytes,preoperative erythrocytes,preoperative hemoglobin,preoperative platelets,preoperative plasma prothrombin time,preoperative activated partial prothrombin time,preoperative international normalized ratio,preoperative thrombin time,preoperative fibrinogen,preoperative erythrocyte sedimentation rate,preoperative C-reactive protein,preoperative D-dimer,preoperative mean corpuscular hemoglobin content,preoperative mean corpuscular volume,operation time,body mass index,preoperative procalcitonin,and preoperative hematocrit.SPSS 27.0 software was used for univariate analysis,followed by R language(4.3.1)to perform least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression and 10-fold cross-validation of the observation indicators to obtain the intersection of the two risk factors.SPSS 27.0 software was used to perform multivariate binary logistic regression to obtain the final risk factors.The prediction model of hypoproteinemia after total hip arthroplasty was constructed by R language.The receiver operating characteristic curve,calibration curve,and clinical decision curve were constructed to assess the predictive model predictive ability.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Univariate analysis,least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression,and multivariate logistic regression were used to screen out significant differences in age(OR=1.024,P=0.023),preoperative platelets(OR=0.995,P=0.028),and preoperative erythrocyte sedimentation rate(OR=1.031,P=0.045)in judging whether hypoproteinemia would occur after surgery(P＜0.05).(2)The nomogram prediction model was constructed based on the final risk factors screened by multivariate Logistic regression,and the prediction ability of the model was evaluated by constructing the receiver operating characteristic curve,and the area under the calculated receiver operating characteristic curve reached 0.835(95％CI=0.779-0.891),C-index=0.835.A threshold of 0-0.83 could bring better clinical efficacy calculated by the decision curve analysis.The model has good sensitivity and accuracy,which can better identify the risk of postoperative hypoproteinemia for medical staff and patients before total hip arthroplasty.

Objective:To investigate the epidemiological trends and spatio-temporal distribution characteristics of syphilis in China from 2010 to 2023.Methods:Data on syphilis cases reported from 31 provinces, autonomous regions or municipalities from 2010 to 2023 were collected from the Infectious Diseases Surveillance System of Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System. Joinpoint 5.2.0 software was used to analyze the epidemiological trends of syphilis, ArcGIS 10.5 software was used for spatial autocorrelation analysis at the county level, and SaTScan 10.2.3 software was used for space-time scan analysis.Results:The national reported incidence rates of syphilis increased from 26.86 per 100 000 in 2010 to 37.60 per 100 000 in 2023, with an average annual percent change of 1.82% (95% CI: 0.81% - 2.89%), and the upward trend in the reported incidence rates was statistically significant ( P = 0.002). There was a positive spatial autocorrelation in the reported incidence rates of syphilis at the county level in China (Moran's Ⅰ range: 0.47 - 0.60, all P < 0.001), and all of the Getis-Ord general test statistic Z (G) values were > 1.96, indicating a high-value clustering pattern in the reported incidence rates of syphilis. The local spatial autocorrelation analysis showed that the annual number of hotspot areas ranged from 180 to 294, which were mainly located in Xinjiang, Qinghai, Guizhou, Sichuan and Yunnan. A total of 92 spatio-temporal clusters were identified by space-time scan analysis, which were mainly distributed in Zhejiang, Guangxi, Guangdong and Fujian from 2010 to 2012, in Xinjiang from 2013 to 2017, and in Sichuan, Guizhou, Chongqing, etc., from 2019 to 2023. Conclusions:From 2010 to 2023, the reported incidence rates of syphilis in China exhibited a fluctuating increase on the whole, with obvious spatio-temporal clustering characteristics. The hotspot areas were basically consistent with the spatio-temporal clusters, and were mainly distributed in the northwestern, southeastern coastal and southwestern areas. Over time, the spatio-temporal clusters gradually changed from the southeast coastal and northwestern areas to the southwestern areas.

Objective:To investigate the epidemic trends and spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection in China in recent years, and to provide a reference for its precise prevention and control.Methods:Data on reported cases of genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection in China (not including Hongkong, Macau and Taiwan regions of China) were collected through the Infectious Diseases Surveillance System of Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System from 2018 to 2023. The trend in the incidence rate was analyzed using the Joinpoint 4.9.1 software. Global and local spatial autocorrelation analyses at the county level were conducted using the ArcGIS 10.5 software. Spatiotemporal scanning analysis was carried out with the SaTScan 10.1.2 software.Results:The reported incidence rates of genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection slightly declined from 12.66 per 100 000 in 2018 to 12.45 per 100 000 in 2023, with an average annual percent change of -1.42%, which was not statistically significant ( t = -1.14, P = 0.318). The reported incidence rates of genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection at the county level in China showed a significant positive global spatial autocorrelation, with the global Moran's indices ranging from 0.68 to 0.74 (all P < 0.001) ; the standardized statistic Z (G) values for the Getis-Ord general G were all greater than 1.96, indicating a high-value clustering pattern. Local spatial autocorrelation analysis revealed that hotspot areas were predominantly located in southern and eastern China. In the spatiotemporal scanning analysis, 38 statistically significant spatiotemporal clusters were identified, mainly distributed in southern and eastern China and consistent with the hotspot areas. Conclusions:From 2018 to 2023, the reported incidence rates of genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection showed a slight decline, and the epidemic exhibited spatiotemporal clustering characteristics in China. Targeted prevention and control measures need to be implemented in hotspot areas and spatiotemporal clusters.