Pregnancy is a physiological state that predisposes women to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, a disease that can cause adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes. The severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disease is known to vary by viral strain; however, evidence for the effects of this virus in pregnant women has yet to be fully elucidated. In this review, we describe maternal and perinatal outcomes, vaccination, and vertical transmission, among pregnant women infected with the different SARS-CoV-2 variants identified to date. We also summarize existing evidence for maternal and perinatal outcomes in pregnant women with specific information relating to SARS-CoV-2 variants. Our analysis showed that Omicron infection was associated with fewer severe maternal and perinatal adverse outcomes while the Delta variant was associated with worse pregnancy outcomes. Maternal deaths arising from COVID-19 were found to be rare (<1.0%), irrespective of whether the virus was a wild-type strain or a variant. Severe maternal morbidity was more frequent for the Delta variant (10.3%), followed by the Alpha (4.7%), wild-type (4.5%), and Omicron (2.9%) variants. The rates of stillbirth were 0.8%, 4.1%, 3.1%, and 2.3%, respectively, in pregnancies infected with the wild-type strain, Alpha, Delta, and Omicron variants, respectively. Preterm birth and admission to neonatal intensive care units were more common for cases with the Delta infection (19.0% and 18.62%, respectively), while risks were similar for those infected with the wild-type (14.7% and 11.2%, respectively), Alpha (14.9% and 13.1%), and Omicron variants (13.2% and 13.8%, respectively). As COVID-19 remains a global pandemic, and new SARS-CoV-2 variants continue to emerge, research relating to the specific impact of new variants on pregnant women needs to be expanded.

Pregnancy is a physiological state that predisposes women to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, a disease that can cause adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes. The severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disease is known to vary by viral strain; however, evidence for the effects of this virus in pregnant women has yet to be fully elucidated. In this review, we describe maternal and perinatal outcomes, vaccination, and vertical transmission, among pregnant women infected with the different SARS-CoV-2 variants identified to date. We also summarize existing evidence for maternal and perinatal outcomes in pregnant women with specific information relating to SARS-CoV-2 variants. Our analysis showed that Omicron infection was associated with fewer severe maternal and perinatal adverse outcomes while the Delta variant was associated with worse pregnancy outcomes. Maternal deaths arising from COVID-19 were found to be rare (<1.0%), irrespective of whether the virus was a wild-type strain or a variant. Severe maternal morbidity was more frequent for the Delta variant (10.3%), followed by the Alpha (4.7%), wild-type (4.5%), and Omicron (2.9%) variants. The rates of stillbirth were 0.8%, 4.1%, 3.1%, and 2.3%, respectively, in pregnancies infected with the wild-type strain, Alpha, Delta, and Omicron variants, respectively. Preterm birth and admission to neonatal intensive care units were more common for cases with the Delta infection (19.0% and 18.62%, respectively), while risks were similar for those infected with the wild-type (14.7% and 11.2%, respectively), Alpha (14.9% and 13.1%), and Omicron variants (13.2% and 13.8%, respectively). As COVID-19 remains a global pandemic, and new SARS-CoV-2 variants continue to emerge, research relating to the specific impact of new variants on pregnant women needs to be expanded.

Objective To investigate the effects of motilin on the voltage dependent potassium channel and L-type calcium channel currents in rat proximal colon smooth muscle cells (PCSM) and to explore its mechanism in increasing colonic motility.Methods PCSM were isolated by collagenase.The voltage dependent potassium channel transit outward current (IKA ) and delayed rectifier current (IKdr) and L-type calcium currents (ICa(L)) were measured by whole cell patch clamp technique.Groups were analyzed by paired t-test.Results There was no significant effect of motilin on IKA and IKdr.L-type calcium channel was dose-dependently activated by motilin from 0.5 × 105 mmol/L to 10.0 ×10-5 mmol/L.At 6 × 10-5 mmol/L motilin and under - 10,0 and 10 mV stimulating voltage,maximum current density increased by 154.61％,62.69％ and 21.02％ respectively and activation kinetics curve obviously left shifted.Half activation voltage decreased from (2.740±1.211) mV prior administration to ( - 25.290 ± 0.614) mV (t =8.534,P =0.007 ) and there was no significant difference in slope factor. Conclusions Motilin increases colonic smooth muscle contraction by promoting calcium influx. However the frequency of colonic smooth muscle contraction could not change with frequency of equilibrium potential and action potential of colonic smooth muscle.

Objective To study the effects of oligohydramnios in full-term pregnancy women deliveried on the perinatal outcomes.Methods 320 suspected oligohydramnios cases from January 2008 to June 2009 were taken as observation group,and compared with 320 cases full-term pregnant women with normal amniotic fluid and without any high-risk factors as control group.B-type ultras onography was used to determine the volume and index of amniotic fluid and fetal umbilical blood flow index (S/D).Blood estriol was determined combining with non-stress test(NST)and oxytocin challenge test(OCT) or contraction stress test(CST) examination to evaluate maternal and fetal situation.The perinatal outcomes of the two groups was analyzed and compared.Result The neonatal asphyxiation and mortality rate between the two groups had no significant difference( P ＞ 0.05).The rate of cesarean section in the observation group was increased( P＜ 0.05).Conclusion The term pregnancy women with oligohydramnion during labour diagnosed by B-type ultrasonography should select vaginal delivery based on comprehensive examination.

Objective To study clinicopathological characteristics of hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal carcinoma(HNPCC)-associated endometrial carcinoma(EC).Methods Totally 421 EC patients admitted to General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University from 1981 to 2006 were divided into three groups:group A:sporadic EC;group B:familial aggregation of EC;group C:HNPCC-associated EC.Results HNPCC-associated EC accounted for 6.4%(27/421).Mean age at time of diagnosis was 49.7years in group C,earlier than 56.3 years in group A(P=0.004)and 55.2 years in group B(P=0.035).There were 33.3%(9/27)patients with multiple primary carcinomas in group C.It was higher than 14.3%(9/63)in group B and 5.1%(17/331)in group A respectively(P=0.038,P＜0.01).There was no difference among the three groups in histological type or menopausal status(P＞0.05).The numbers of patients with low grade EC in group C(70.4%,19/27)and group B(61.3%,38/62)were more than that in Group A(P=0.013,P=0.023).Prognosis for group C was better than that in group A(P=0.021),and 5-and 10-year survival rate in groups A,B and C was 80%,70%;88%,85%;and 96%,96%respectively.Conclusions Mean age at time of diagnosis is earlier in HNPCC-associated EC than that in sporadic EC;patients with HNPCC-associated EC are more frequently complicated with multiple primary carcinomas and of low grade;prognosis is better.