Objective To review the diagnostic information of 3368 viral hepatitis B inpatient cases reported by some healthcare institutions in Qinghai Province in the National Notifiable Disease Report System(NNDRS)in 2021,and to analyse the consistency of their reports and influence factor.Methods The study used the typical survey method to study 3368 hospitalized cases of hepatitis B reported by 32 medical institutions in Qinghai Province in 2021 from July 2022 to April 2023.The consistency between the reported classification and the reviewed classification was evaluated by reviewing diagnostic information of the cases,combined with the Kappa consistency test,and the consistency-influencing factors were analysed in a univariate and multivariate analysis.Results The consistency between acute,chronic,and unclassified reporting classifications and review classifications was poor(Kappa＜0.40);the consistency between acute and chronic review was poor(Kappa＜0.40).The main influence factor of the consistency of review included the level of medical institution,the patient's gender,occupation,past history,and the unit of diagnosis of initial onset of illness.Provincial medical institutions reported higher consistency,and male cases and herder cases had better consistency than female cases and other occupations.Review consistency of cases with past history was better than that of cases with unclear past history.Conclusion The consistency of diagnosis and reporting of hepatitis B cases in healthcare institutions in Qinghai Province in 2021 was low,with problems of inaccurate classification and duplicate reporting.It is recommended to strengthen the training and supervision of healthcare institutions,standardise the filling of'attached card'information,and promote the hepatitis B core antibody IgM test to improve the classification and diagnosis of acute and chronic hepatitis B,so as to comprehensively improve the accuracy of the diagnosis and reporting of hepatitis B cases.

Objective To review the diagnostic information of 3368 viral hepatitis B inpatient cases reported by some healthcare institutions in Qinghai Province in the National Notifiable Disease Report System(NNDRS)in 2021,and to analyse the consistency of their reports and influence factor.Methods The study used the typical survey method to study 3368 hospitalized cases of hepatitis B reported by 32 medical institutions in Qinghai Province in 2021 from July 2022 to April 2023.The consistency between the reported classification and the reviewed classification was evaluated by reviewing diagnostic information of the cases,combined with the Kappa consistency test,and the consistency-influencing factors were analysed in a univariate and multivariate analysis.Results The consistency between acute,chronic,and unclassified reporting classifications and review classifications was poor(Kappa＜0.40);the consistency between acute and chronic review was poor(Kappa＜0.40).The main influence factor of the consistency of review included the level of medical institution,the patient's gender,occupation,past history,and the unit of diagnosis of initial onset of illness.Provincial medical institutions reported higher consistency,and male cases and herder cases had better consistency than female cases and other occupations.Review consistency of cases with past history was better than that of cases with unclear past history.Conclusion The consistency of diagnosis and reporting of hepatitis B cases in healthcare institutions in Qinghai Province in 2021 was low,with problems of inaccurate classification and duplicate reporting.It is recommended to strengthen the training and supervision of healthcare institutions,standardise the filling of'attached card'information,and promote the hepatitis B core antibody IgM test to improve the classification and diagnosis of acute and chronic hepatitis B,so as to comprehensively improve the accuracy of the diagnosis and reporting of hepatitis B cases.

Threatened abortion is a common disease of obstetrics and gynecology and one of the diseases responding specifically to traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）. The China Association of Chinese Medicine organized experts in TCM obstetrics and gynecology， Western medicine obstetrics and gynecology， and pharmacology to deeply discuss the advantages of TCM and integrated Chinese and Western medicine treatment as well as the medication plans for threatened abortion. After discussion， the experts concluded that chromosome， endocrine， and immune abnormalities were the key factors for the occurrence of threatened abortion， and the Qi and blood disorders in thoroughfare and conception vessels were the core pathogenesis. In the treatment of threatened abortion， TCM has advantages in preventing miscarriages， alleviating clinical symptoms and TCM syndromes， relieving anxiety， regulating reproductive endocrine and immune abnormalities， personalized and diversified treatment， enhancing efficiency and reducing toxicity， and preventing the disease before occurrence. The difficulty in diagnosis and treatment of threatened abortion with traditional Chinese and Western medicine lies in identifying the predictors of abortion caused by maternal factors and the treatment of thrombophilia. Recurrent abortion is the breakthrough point of treatment with integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine. It is urgent to carry out high-quality evidence-based medicine research in the future to improve the modern diagnosis and treatment of threatened abortion with TCM.

ObjectiveTo understand the current status of primary healthcare workers’ knowledge of hepatitis B and their willingness to engage in non-discriminatory behaviors， to explore the factors influencing their willingness， and to provide a basis for health education on hepatitis B for primary healthcare workers in Qinghai Province. MethodsA questionnaire survey was conducted among primary healthcare institutions in eight cities （prefectures） of Qinghai Province using a combination of random sampling and convenience sampling. The questionnaire included demographic information， knowledge related to hepatitis B， and willingness to engage in non-discriminatory behaviors. ResultsA total of 393 subjects were included in the survey. The accurate awareness rate of hepatitis B transmission route among primary healthcare workers in Qinghai Province was 36.89%. Of the respondents， 46.31% were unwilling to live with family members infected with HBV or carriers， and 50.13% were unwilling to dine with friends infected with HBV or carriers. The willingness of primary healthcare workers to engage in non-discriminatory behaviors related to hepatitis B varied by different places of residence， gender， marital status and per capita household income （P<0.05）. Regarding different dimensions of HBV-related knowledge， there were significant differences in age， education level， and per capita household income for transmission route （P<0.05）. Vaccination showed significant differences based on marital status and per capita family income （P<0.05）. There were significant differences in treatment and outcome among different gender， education level， and per capita family income. Anti-discrimination policies varied significantly by place of residence， age， ethnicity， and per capita income. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that primary healthcare workers’ knowledge of hepatitis B transmission route was a significant factor influencing their willingness to engage in non-discriminatory behaviors （OR=0.49， 95%CI：0.29‒0.84）. ConclusionIt is essential to continuously strengthen hepatitis B health education for primary healthcare workers in western China to reduce the willingness to engage in non-discriminatory behaviors towards hepatitis B and protect the rights of HBV-infected individuals.

Whennearinfraredspectroscopyisappliedtoon-linemonitoringandcontroloftobaccoflavors,the variation in temperature can severely deteriorate the predictive performance of near infrared spectroscopic calibration models and results in a significant increases of the root mean square error value for the main constituents in syrup samples from 2. 4% to 29. 0%. In this paper, near infrared spectroscopy has been incorporated with an advanced calibration transfer method-loading space standardization to effectively eliminate the deteriorate effects of temperature variation on quantitative results and finally realize the fast and accurate on-line quantitative monitoring and control of tobacco flavors. The root mean square error value for the main constituents in syrup samples is successfully retained at a satisfying low level of 3 . 8%. The results of this paper will provide technical support for the preparation, preservation and use of tobacco flavors, and realize on-line process quality control of cigarettes.

Objective Based on the immunologic balance, to investigate the mechanisms of Danchi decoction for controlling the recurrence of endometriosis (EMs) of qi stagnation and blood stasis after conservative operation. Methods A multi-center and randomized clinical trial was adopted. EMs patients were divided into Chinese medicine group (CG, 20 cases) and western medicine group (WG, 10 cases). The two groups were given Danchi decoction and GnRH-a or gestrinone respectively for 3 months. The serum IL-2, IL-6 and IL-2/IL-6 were detected before operation, after 3 months of treatment and 3 months after withdrawal, and compared with the control group (5 cases of simple ovarian cysts). Results Before operation, the serum IL-2 level of CG and WG was lower than control group (P<0.05), IL-6 was higher than control group (P<0.05), the ratio of IL-2/IL-6 was lower than control group (P<0.05). After treatment and 3 months after withdrawal, IL-2 level of CG and WG was increased than before operation (P<0.05), IL-6 was decreased (P<0.05), IL-2/IL-6 ratio was increased (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in IL-2/IL-6 between CG and control group (P>0.05), but 3 months after withdrawal, IL-2/IL-6 of WG was significantly lower than that of control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Immune imbalance is closely related to the occurrence and development of EMs. Danchi Decoction or GnRH-a or gestrinone can prevent the recurrence of EMs by adjusting the disorder of immune response, and Danchi Decoction has better effect on long-term result.

Objective To investigate the clinical presentation,diagnosis,and surgical management of anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor encephalitis.Methods One case of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis in a previously healthy 17-year-old female related to the development of NMDA receptor autoantibodies triggered by an ovarian teratoma was reported.The related literature was reviewed and the clinical feature was summarized.Results Removal of the ovarian teratoma combined with intravenous immuneglobulin and corticosteroid proved curative with eventual resolution of the paraneoplastic disease process and associated psychiatric symptoms.Conclusion Increasingly,reports of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis associated with ovarian teratomas,as well as a novel assay to measure these antibodies suggest an etiology for this disease process that may be amenable to prompt surgical excision.

Objective Investigate the effect of applying clinical pathway on the patients undergoing leiomyoma of uterus. Methods As an experimental group of patients, 50 cases of uterine leiomyoma are treated with clinical pathway. By contrast, another 100 cases are treated with the traditional medical care as control group. Results Waiting time for surgery and hospital stay of the experimental group are less than the control group; and the average hospitalization cost of experimental group is lower than the control group (P< 0.01). Conclusions Application of clinical pathway management will regulate the activities of medical treatment, ensure the quality of health care, improve the feeling of patients, increase efficiency of hospital services, reduce the financial burden of patients, increase the hospital social benefits.