Surgical intervention for malignant bone tumors frequently results in bone defects located at the metaphysis of the long bones in the lower extremities.The morphological heterogeneity of the metaphysis poses significant challenges for conventional treatment methods to adequately conform to the defect area.The utilization of three-dimensional(3D)-printed titanium bone repair scaffolds has emerged as an effective reconstructive approach for metaphyseal bone defects,as these scaffolds offer precise shape conformity and provide adequate mechanical support.However,the current commonly used scaffolds do not adequately replicate the biomechanical environment of bone defects,resulting in suboptimal bone ingrowth within the scaffolds and subsequent prosthesis loosening and failure post-operation.Bone is a highly force-responsive organ,and its fate is regulated by biomechanical signals.Consequently,designing scaffolds with consideration of biomechanical principles to ensure mechanical compatibility between the scaffolds and the bone defect sites is a critical factor influencing the success of bone defects reconstruction.This review primarily introduces the biomechanical factors influencing bone defect repair and the advancements in designing 3D-printed titanium bone repair scaffolds biomechanically matched with bones,offering theoretical guidance for scaffold design and preparation.

Surgical intervention for malignant bone tumors frequently results in bone defects located at the metaphysis of the long bones in the lower extremities.The morphological heterogeneity of the metaphysis poses significant challenges for conventional treatment methods to adequately conform to the defect area.The utilization of three-dimensional(3D)-printed titanium bone repair scaffolds has emerged as an effective reconstructive approach for metaphyseal bone defects,as these scaffolds offer precise shape conformity and provide adequate mechanical support.However,the current commonly used scaffolds do not adequately replicate the biomechanical environment of bone defects,resulting in suboptimal bone ingrowth within the scaffolds and subsequent prosthesis loosening and failure post-operation.Bone is a highly force-responsive organ,and its fate is regulated by biomechanical signals.Consequently,designing scaffolds with consideration of biomechanical principles to ensure mechanical compatibility between the scaffolds and the bone defect sites is a critical factor influencing the success of bone defects reconstruction.This review primarily introduces the biomechanical factors influencing bone defect repair and the advancements in designing 3D-printed titanium bone repair scaffolds biomechanically matched with bones,offering theoretical guidance for scaffold design and preparation.

Objective: To observe the effect of acupuncture at points selected from different regions on the positive expression of interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) and the stem cell factor (SCF) in gastric antrum tissues in diabetic gastroparesis (DGP) rats, and to explore the influence of region-based point selection on the acupoint combination efficacy. Methods: Sixty Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into a normal group (group A), a model group (group B), a group of Zusanli (ST 36) plus Zhongwan (CV 12) (group C), a group of Zusanli (ST 36) plus Neiguan (PC 6) (group D), and a group of Zusanli (ST 36) plus non-meridian non-acupoint points (group E), based on the random number table (n=12). DGP rat model was established by single intraperitoneal injection of 2% streptozotocin and common diet. After successful modeling, the rats were treated once a day for 4 weeks. Positive ICC and SCF expressions were measured by immunohistochemistry. Results: Compared with group A, the gastrointestinal propulsion rate of group B showed a statistically significant decrease (P<0.05). Compared with group B, the gastrointestinal propulsion rate and the expression of ICC in the gastric antrum were significantly higher in group C, group D and group E, and the between-group differences were statistically significant (P<0.05); the expression of C-kit protein in group C was statistically significantly higher than that in group D and group E (P<0.05). The expression of SCF protein was significantly increased in group C than in group B, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: Acupuncture can improve the symptoms of delayed gastric emptying in DGP model rats, and regulate the expression of ICC and SCF in gastric antrum tissues. The effect of Zusanli (ST 36) plus Zhongwan (CV 12) in the gastric region is superior to that of the Zusanli (ST 36) plus distal Neiguan (PC 6) or non-meridian non-acupoint point, indicating that region-based point selection is the key factor affecting the effect of acupoint combination.

The clinical data and follow-up information of 4 pediatric patients with pancreatic solid pseudopapillary neoplasm (SPN) admitted in the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University between January 2000 and January 2016 were retrospective reviewed.Four patients were all girls aged 8-13 years.All cases were treated with surgical resection and the diagnosis was confirmed histopathologically.Patients were followed up for up to 6 years,and there was no recurrence detected.Pancreatic SPN in children is a potentially malignant borderline tumor.Complete surgical resection is the only option for this disease,and spleen preserving pancreatectomy is the first choice of operation with satisfactory results.

Background and purpose:Hypermethylated in cancer 1 (HIC1) is silenced in multiple cancer cells and tissues by DNA methylation of epigenetic modification, which may modulate the initiation and progression of tumors. However, there are few reports about this phenomenon in prostate cancer. This study aimed to investigate the status of HIC1 promoter methylation in prostate cancer using methylation methods.Methods:Methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP) and bisulfate sequencing PCR (BSP) were used to detect the methylation status ofHIC1 promoter in prostate cancer cell lines PC3 and C4-2B, prostate normal cell line PrEC, primary Chinese PCa tissues and the respective healthy control cases.HIC1 expression level was respectively determined by reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) and Western blot assays in PC3, C4-2B and PrEC cells treated with 5-Aza-CdR.Results:We found that the percentages of HIC1 promoter methylation were 78.23%, 72.15% and 10.63% in PC3, C4-2B and PrEC cells by MSP analyses. Moreover, the levels of methylatedHIC1 promoter in 36 primary Chinese PCa tissues compared with the respective healthy control cases were 80.30%vs 31.56%. Expressions ofHIC1 mRNA and protein level were restored in PC3 and C4-2B cells after 5-Aza-CdR treatment.Conclusion:These findings demonstrate thatHIC1 promoter region is hypermethylated in prostate cancer, which results in silence or downregulation ofHIC1. The status ofHIC1 methylation can be a valuable marker in the early stage of prostate cancer and a potential therapeutic target.

Objective To observe the difference of efficacy of three different treatment of internal fixation of intervetebral crasis on cervical spondylosis (spinal cord) .Methods From January 2009 to January 2013 ,There are 167 cases of patients admitted to hospital from cervical spondylosis (spinal cord ) ,randomly selected different fusion fixation methods are divided into three groups :in the first group ,there were 55 patients treated with autologous iliac bone graft fusion plate fixation ;in the second group , there were 60 patients treated with zero profile material PEEK interbody fusion with autologous bone graft ;in the third group ,the 52 patients were treated with the PEEK material MC + self‐locking cervical interbody fusion with autologous bone graft .Observa‐tion and comparison indicators include :spinal cord function JOA scores before and after surgery ,surgical segment intervertebral height and cervical curvature condition .Results Follow‐up lasted from 13 to 50 months ,the average length was 26 months .The difference in operation time ,blood loss during surgery analysis ,wherein the first group and the second or third group of three groups was statistically significant (P<0 .05) ,the difference between the second group and the third group was not statistically significant (P>0 .05) .In the first group ,there were 17 patients had transient throat discomfort and symptom disappeared 48 hours later ;dysphagia relieved or disappeared in one week ;there were two cases of screws and titanium loosen one week after operation , and were treated with immediate revision surgery .In the second ,third group ,there were 19 cases and 13 cases showed temporary throat discomfort disappeared within 48 hours after surgery respectively ,there was no dysphagia .No patient experienced cerebrospi‐nal fluid leakage ,hematoma and wound infection .The postoperative JOA scores spinal cord function (17 points France) ,surgical segmental cervical intervertebral height and curvature of three groups improved significantly compared with preoperative evaluation index ,and there was no significant difference among three groups (P>0 .05) .In the last follow‐up ,the interbody fusion rates of the first ,second and third groups were 67 .1% ,66 .3% and 65 .9% ,the difference between groups was not statistically significant (P>0 .05) .Conclusion Anterior decompression and interbody fusion locking device applications showed good performance in maintai‐ning the intervertebral height segment surgery ,rehabilitation cervical curvature ,and promote bone fusion with autogenous titanium plate fixation comparison .Patients can get a good surgery ,and the former has a simpler surgical fixation method ,shorter time ,less bleeding and less complications .

Objective To study the relationship between circulating tumor cells(CTCs) in peripheral blood of the pa‐tients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its metastasis and prognosis .Methods 35 patients with hepatocellular carci‐noma were collected as the research objects .CTCs density were enriched through gradient centrifugation and negative‐immu‐nomagnetic methods ,then the cells were detected by chromosome fluorescence in situ hybridization combined with immunofluo‐rescence tests to identify CTCs .The clinical characters were recorded and the data were statistically analyzed .Results All the patients were detected CTC positive .The number of CTC was (4 .1 ± 2 .5) .The patients were divided into 2 groups .Group Ⅰincluded patients whose CTCs were <5 ,and others were included in group Ⅱ .The difference between number of group I and group Ⅱ had significant significance(P=0 .001);Metastasis had nothing to do with patients′sex and age(P=0 .581 ,0 .531);The number of CTCs was related to metastasis and prognosis(P=0.024 ,0.01) ,and there was significant statistic significance between group I and groupⅡ .Conclusion The number of CTCs was related to tumor metastasis .The tumor may be more prone to occur metas‐tasis and may had worse prognosis ,and the patients may had shorter life time when the number of CTCs was≥5 .