Angiogenesis， as a core mechanism for maintaining tissue perfusion and repairing ischemic injury， plays a crucial role in ischemic diseases such as coronary heart disease and peripheral arterial disease. Traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）， with its advantages of multi-target and synergistic regulation， provides a unique perspective for therapeutic angiogenesis. Based on this， this article intends to delve into the synergistic effects of key signaling pathways， including vascular endothelial growth factor（VEGF）/VEGF receptor（VEGFR）， Notch， phosphoinositide 3-kinase/ protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin（PI3K/Akt/mTOR）， and angiopoietin/endothelial TEK tyrosine kinase（Ang/Tie2）， and elucidate the driving mechanisms of endothelial cell metabolic reprogramming and exosome-mediated intercellular communication within this process. Based on existing literature， it summarizes the microenvironment-dependent and bidirectional regulatory characteristics of natural active components of TCM（such as terpenes， tanshinones， and flavonoids） on angiogenesis. Furthermore， it systematically discusses how classical TCM formulas achieve blood vessel formation and functional maturation by protecting the neurovascular units， recruiting pericytes， and remodeling the microenvironment. Current evidence highlights the advantages of multi-target synergy and temporal regulation in TCM， but also reveals challenges such as high heterogeneity and a lack of functional evaluations and high-quality clinical trials. Future efforts should integrate multi-omics to decipher network mechanisms， optimize formula compatibility， and conduct multicenter studies to promote the development of innovative preparations. This review highlights the academic value of TCM in angiogenesis， provides an evidence base for treating ischemic diseases， and supports multidisciplinary integration and innovation.

OBJECTIVES: To explore the mechanisms of Qingre Lidan Jiedu Recipe (QLJR) for improving cognitive dysfunction in rats with high copper load. METHODS: Seventy-five male SD rats were randomized into normal control group, model group, QLJR group, penicillamine (PCA) group, and QLJR+ PCA group. Except for those in the control group, all the rats were fed a high-copper diet for 12 weeks. The effects of the treatments on cognitive function of the rats were assessed using the Barnes maze and passive avoidance tests. Hippocampal expressions of NIX, FUNDC1 and LC3 of the rats were detected using Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining, and changes in mitochondrial morphology were observed with transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS: Behavioral tests showed prolonged target hole latency, shortened latency to enter the dark chamber, and increased error counts of the rats in the model group, which were significantly improved in QLJR+PCA group; the error counts were significantly lower in QLJR+PCA group than in either QLJR or PCA group. Among all the groups, the hippocampal expressions of NIX and FUNDC1 were the lowest and LC3 I/II expression the highest in the model group; NIX and FUNDC1 expressions were significantly higher and LC3 I expression was lower in QLJR+PCA group than in QLJR group and PCA group. Immunofluorescence staining revealed weakened NIX and FUNDC1 expressions and enhanced LC3 expression in the hippocampus of the rats in the model group as compared with those in the normal control and QLJR+PCA groups, but their expressions did not differ significantly between QLJR and PCA groups. The rats in the model group showed obvious structural disarray of the mitochondria, which were improved in all the treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS QLJR improves cognitive dysfunction in rats with high copper load possibly by regulating mitophagy.
Animals ; Male ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Rats ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Copper/toxicity* ; Mitophagy/drug effects* ; Hippocampus/drug effects* ; Cognition Disorders/drug therapy* ; Cognitive Dysfunction/chemically induced*

Objective To explore the mechanisms of Qingre Lidan Jiedu Recipe(QLJR)for improving cognitive dysfunction in rats with high copper load.Methods Seventy-five male SD rats were randomized into normal control group,model group,QLJR group,penicillamine(PCA)group,and QLJR+PCA group.Except for those in the control group,all the rats were fed a high-copper diet for 12 weeks.The effects of the treatments on cognitive function of the rats were assessed using the Barnes maze and passive avoidance tests.Hippocampal expressions of NIX,FUNDC1 and LC3 of the rats were detected using Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining,and changes in mitochondrial morphology were observed with transmission electron microscopy.Results Behavioral tests showed prolonged target hole latency,shortened latency to enter the dark chamber,and increased error counts of the rats in the model group,which were significantly improved in QLJR+PCA group;the error counts were significantly lower in QLJR+PCA group than in either QLJR or PCA group.Among all the groups,the hippocampal expressions of NIX and FUNDC1 were the lowest and LC3 I/II expression the highest in the model group;NIX and FUNDC1 expressions were significantly higher and LC3 I expression was lower in QLJR+PCA group than in QLJR group and PCA group.Immunofluorescence staining revealed weakened NIX and FUNDC1 expressions and enhanced LC3 expression in the hippocampus of the rats in the model group as compared with those in the normal control and QLJR+PCA groups,but their expressions did not differ significantly between QLJR and PCA groups.The rats in the model group showed obvious structural disarray of the mitochondria,which were improved in all the treatment groups.Conclusion QLJR improves cognitive dysfunction in rats with high copper load possibly by regulating mitophagy.

BACKGROUND:More and more scholars are investigating the mechanism of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α in regulating bone homeostasis and oral and maxillofacial diseases to provide new targets and strategies for the treatment of related disorders,but there is no relevant review.OBJECTIVE:To summarize the regulatory potential of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α in a variety of oral and maxillofacial diseases and bone homeostasis with the aim of providing a new research direction for oral and maxillofacial bone tissue engineering.METHODS:A literature review was conducted in databases such as PubMed,Web of Science and CNKI,for articles Published from 2003 to 2024.The keywords were"hypoxia inducible factor-1α,oral cavity,bone formation,osteoclast,angiogenesis,oxidative stress,tissue engineering,periodontitis,pulpitis,temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis"in Chinese and English.Finally,84 articles were included for review.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α is essential in promoting bone tissue regeneration,facilitating osteogenic-angiogenic coupling,and mitigating damage from oxidative stress in bone tissue.(2)Increasing levels of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α in tissue cells reduces inflammation in periodontitis and promotes periodontal tissue remodeling,pulp regeneration,and involves in joint remodeling after temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis.(3)By stabilizing the level of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α in tissue cells,the micronutrient-carrying biomaterial promotes bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to migrate and attach to the bone defect area,coupling angiogenesis and osteogenesis to achieve bone regeneration.(4)How to increase the level of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α in oral and maxillofacial tissues using bioactive materials to achieve bone regeneration at maxillofacial bone defects remains to be investigated.

This paper focuses on the application of health big data in cancer screening. Firstly, the sources and characteristics of health big data are introduced, then the commonly used epidemiological designs and analytical techniques in hospital-based cancer screening studies are summarized and the application scenarios of such studies are described. Finally, the challenges and future development in the application of health big data are analyzed to provide reference for the future studies.

Protective ileostomy is an important bridging procedure in low anterior resection for rectal cancer, aimed at preventing severe anastomotic complications. It has been shown to significantly reduce the risk of pelvic infections resulting from anastomotic leakage. However, whether ileostomy plays a positive clinical role in preventing anastomotic leaks remains a subject of considerable debate. The procedure for creating a protective ileostomy is relatively simple and convenient, making it a commonly used approach in clinical practice. Nevertheless, as a traumatic surgical procedure, ileostomy itself may lead to a range of complications. Therefore, it is crucial to comprehensively understand the potential complications associated with ileostomy, develop optimized management strategies, and carefully select appropriate patients for preventive ileostomy, as these steps hold significant clinical value. This article provides a systematic review of the types, development, and application of preventive ileostomy, as well as the management and prevention strategies for common complications. The aim is to offer valuable guidance to clinical surgeons in optimizing stoma management and minimizing complications in rectal cancer sphincter-preserving surgery.

This paper focuses on the application of health big data in cancer screening. Firstly, the sources and characteristics of health big data are introduced, then the commonly used epidemiological designs and analytical techniques in hospital-based cancer screening studies are summarized and the application scenarios of such studies are described. Finally, the challenges and future development in the application of health big data are analyzed to provide reference for the future studies.

BACKGROUND:More and more scholars are investigating the mechanism of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α in regulating bone homeostasis and oral and maxillofacial diseases to provide new targets and strategies for the treatment of related disorders,but there is no relevant review.OBJECTIVE:To summarize the regulatory potential of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α in a variety of oral and maxillofacial diseases and bone homeostasis with the aim of providing a new research direction for oral and maxillofacial bone tissue engineering.METHODS:A literature review was conducted in databases such as PubMed,Web of Science and CNKI,for articles Published from 2003 to 2024.The keywords were"hypoxia inducible factor-1α,oral cavity,bone formation,osteoclast,angiogenesis,oxidative stress,tissue engineering,periodontitis,pulpitis,temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis"in Chinese and English.Finally,84 articles were included for review.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α is essential in promoting bone tissue regeneration,facilitating osteogenic-angiogenic coupling,and mitigating damage from oxidative stress in bone tissue.(2)Increasing levels of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α in tissue cells reduces inflammation in periodontitis and promotes periodontal tissue remodeling,pulp regeneration,and involves in joint remodeling after temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis.(3)By stabilizing the level of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α in tissue cells,the micronutrient-carrying biomaterial promotes bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to migrate and attach to the bone defect area,coupling angiogenesis and osteogenesis to achieve bone regeneration.(4)How to increase the level of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α in oral and maxillofacial tissues using bioactive materials to achieve bone regeneration at maxillofacial bone defects remains to be investigated.

Protective ileostomy is an important bridging procedure in low anterior resection for rectal cancer, aimed at preventing severe anastomotic complications. It has been shown to significantly reduce the risk of pelvic infections resulting from anastomotic leakage. However, whether ileostomy plays a positive clinical role in preventing anastomotic leaks remains a subject of considerable debate. The procedure for creating a protective ileostomy is relatively simple and convenient, making it a commonly used approach in clinical practice. Nevertheless, as a traumatic surgical procedure, ileostomy itself may lead to a range of complications. Therefore, it is crucial to comprehensively understand the potential complications associated with ileostomy, develop optimized management strategies, and carefully select appropriate patients for preventive ileostomy, as these steps hold significant clinical value. This article provides a systematic review of the types, development, and application of preventive ileostomy, as well as the management and prevention strategies for common complications. The aim is to offer valuable guidance to clinical surgeons in optimizing stoma management and minimizing complications in rectal cancer sphincter-preserving surgery.

Objective:To investigate the effect of microwave on human adenovirus type 2 (HAdV-2) capsid protein in simulated infectious wastes.Methods:Droplets of HAdV-2 virus suspension were added to medical disposable gloves to simulate infectious waste, irradiated under different microwave conditions, the temperature change was recorded, and the irradiated viral supernatant was treated with Dnase I and detected by PCR and qPCR to determine the effect of microwave on the integrity of the viral capsid. ELISA was used to detect the effect of microwave irradiation on the structure of viral hexon protein. The virus was treated alone at the highest temperature during microwave irradiation to investigate whether there were non-thermal effects during microwave disinfection.Results:The maximum temperature during microwave irradiation was 76 ℃, and the PCR and qPCR result showed that Dnase I could significantly damage the viral nucleic acid after microwave irradiation, while the virus control group and heat treatment group were not significantly affected, indicating that microwave irradiation could destroy the integrity of the viral capsid. The result of ELISA showed that microwave irradiation could significantly weaken the binding ability of Hexon protein and antibody, and the result of heat treatment group were similar.Conclusions:Microwave irradiation can destroy the integrity of the HAdV-2 capsid and the structure of Hexon protein, in which the damage to the integrity of the capsid is mainly due to non-thermal effects, and the structural changes of hexon protein are mainly due to thermal effects.