Objective:To explore the impact of female body mass index (BMI) on pregnancy outcomes in artificial insemination with donor sperm (AID).Methods:A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 4 484 couples with 9 852 AID treatment cycles treated at Reproductive Center of Guangdong Institute of Reproductive Science from January 2011 to September 2024. Participants were divided into four groups based on BMI: low BMI group (BMI<18.5 kg/m 2), normal BMI group (18.5 kg/m 2≤BMI<24.0 kg/m 2), overweight group (24.0 kg/m 2≤BMI<28.0 kg/m 2), and obese group (BMI≥28.0 kg/m 2). General characteristics and pregnancy outcomes were compared across groups. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to calculate cumulative pregnancy rates from one to six cycles. Generalized estimating equations (GEE), univariate and multivariate logistic and Cox regression analysis were performed, adjusting for age, basal follicle-stimulating hormone, basal luteinizing hormone, endometrial thickness, clinical diagnosis, and treatment protocol, to explore correlations between female BMI and clinical pregnancy rate, spontaneous abortion rate, and cumulative pregnancy rate. Results:1) There were no statistically significant differences in clinical pregnancy rate and spontaneous abortion rate among the low BMI group, the normal BMI group, the overweight group, and the obesity group (all P>0.05). 2) Cumulative pregnancy rates for AID cycles 1-6 were 17.60%, 31.60%, 43.08%, 54.37%, 61.83% and 73.68%, respectively. 3) Multivariate GEE analysis revealed that female age ( OR=0.962, 95% CI: 0.950-0.974, P<0.001), endometrial thickness ( OR=1.040, 95% CI:1.011-1.069, P=0.006), and natural cycles ( OR=1.171, 95% CI: 1.060-1.294, P=0.002) influenced clinical pregnancy rates. Compared with the normal BMI group, there were no statistically significant differences in clinical pregnancy rates of low BMI group, overweight group, and obese group (all P>0.05). Multivariate logistic analysis showed that female age ( OR=1.051, 95% CI: 1.012-1.091, P=0.010), endometrial thickness ( OR=0.920 , 95% CI: 0.847-1.000, P=0.049) and polycystic ovary syndrome ( OR=1.927, 95% CI: 1.044-3.556, P=0.036) influenced spontaneous abortion rates. Compared with the normal BMI group, there were no statistically significant differences in spontaneous abortion rates of low BMI group, overweight group and obese group (all P>0.05). 4) Cox regression analysis indicated that female age ( HR=0.939, 95% CI: 0.928-0.950, P<0.001), endometrial thickness ( HR=1.039, 95% CI: 1.013-1.066, P=0.003) and natural cycles ( HR=1.957, 95% CI: 1.785-2.146, P<0.001) influenced cumulative pregnancy rates. Compared with the normal BMI group, there were no statistically significant differences in cumulative pregnancy rates of low BMI group, overweight group and obese group (all P>0.05). Conclusion:Female BMI does not significantly affect clinical pregnancy rates, spontaneous abortion rates and cumulative pregnancy rates in AID.

Objective:To explore the impact of female body mass index (BMI) on pregnancy outcomes in artificial insemination with donor sperm (AID).Methods:A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 4 484 couples with 9 852 AID treatment cycles treated at Reproductive Center of Guangdong Institute of Reproductive Science from January 2011 to September 2024. Participants were divided into four groups based on BMI: low BMI group (BMI<18.5 kg/m 2), normal BMI group (18.5 kg/m 2≤BMI<24.0 kg/m 2), overweight group (24.0 kg/m 2≤BMI<28.0 kg/m 2), and obese group (BMI≥28.0 kg/m 2). General characteristics and pregnancy outcomes were compared across groups. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to calculate cumulative pregnancy rates from one to six cycles. Generalized estimating equations (GEE), univariate and multivariate logistic and Cox regression analysis were performed, adjusting for age, basal follicle-stimulating hormone, basal luteinizing hormone, endometrial thickness, clinical diagnosis, and treatment protocol, to explore correlations between female BMI and clinical pregnancy rate, spontaneous abortion rate, and cumulative pregnancy rate. Results:1) There were no statistically significant differences in clinical pregnancy rate and spontaneous abortion rate among the low BMI group, the normal BMI group, the overweight group, and the obesity group (all P>0.05). 2) Cumulative pregnancy rates for AID cycles 1-6 were 17.60%, 31.60%, 43.08%, 54.37%, 61.83% and 73.68%, respectively. 3) Multivariate GEE analysis revealed that female age ( OR=0.962, 95% CI: 0.950-0.974, P<0.001), endometrial thickness ( OR=1.040, 95% CI:1.011-1.069, P=0.006), and natural cycles ( OR=1.171, 95% CI: 1.060-1.294, P=0.002) influenced clinical pregnancy rates. Compared with the normal BMI group, there were no statistically significant differences in clinical pregnancy rates of low BMI group, overweight group, and obese group (all P>0.05). Multivariate logistic analysis showed that female age ( OR=1.051, 95% CI: 1.012-1.091, P=0.010), endometrial thickness ( OR=0.920 , 95% CI: 0.847-1.000, P=0.049) and polycystic ovary syndrome ( OR=1.927, 95% CI: 1.044-3.556, P=0.036) influenced spontaneous abortion rates. Compared with the normal BMI group, there were no statistically significant differences in spontaneous abortion rates of low BMI group, overweight group and obese group (all P>0.05). 4) Cox regression analysis indicated that female age ( HR=0.939, 95% CI: 0.928-0.950, P<0.001), endometrial thickness ( HR=1.039, 95% CI: 1.013-1.066, P=0.003) and natural cycles ( HR=1.957, 95% CI: 1.785-2.146, P<0.001) influenced cumulative pregnancy rates. Compared with the normal BMI group, there were no statistically significant differences in cumulative pregnancy rates of low BMI group, overweight group and obese group (all P>0.05). Conclusion:Female BMI does not significantly affect clinical pregnancy rates, spontaneous abortion rates and cumulative pregnancy rates in AID.

Objective:To analyze the effects of various factors on the clinical outcome of artificial insemination with donor sperm (AID) under natural cycles.Methods:A total of 16 458 natural cycles with donor sperm were analyzed from January 2011 to December 2018 in Reproductive Center of Guangdong Province Family Planning Science and Technology Research Institute. The relationship between the clinical outcome and the factors such as the women's character, donor sperm quality and cycle related factors with χ 2 and multiple factor generalized estimating equation. Results:Many factors such as women's age ≤ 30 years ( OR=1.865, P<0.001), the woman's age from 31 to 35 years ( OR=1.215, P<0.001), duration of infertility≤5 ( OR=1.139, P=0.007), day 3 luteining hormone (LH) level>8.10 IU/L ( OR=1.309, P=0.022), day 3 estrogen level≤77.10 pmol/L ( OR=1.301, P=0.012), day 3 estrogen level from 77.11 pmol/L to 293.60 pmol/L ( OR=1.099, P=0.044), one dominant follicle per cycle ( OR=1.473, P=0.038), cervical mucus score ≥10 ( OR=1.256, P=0.026), A type endometrium ( OR=1.114, P=0.005), urinary LH strong positive ( OR=1.171, P=0.002), sperm activity ratio more than 54% after thawing ( OR=1.142, P=0.002), progressively motile sperm number ≥ 35×10 6 after thawing ( OR=1.217, P=0.001) and double inseminations per cycle ( OR=1.376, P=0.001) significantly affected the pregnancy rates of AID women under natural cycles. Conclusion:Many factors such as the woman's age, duration of infertility, day 3 LH level, day 3 estrogen level, dominant follicle number per cycle, cervical mucus score, endometrial type, sperm activity ratio after thawing, progressively motile sperm number and insemination times per cycle can affect the women’s pregnancy rate under AID natural cycles.

Objective:To analyze the effects of various factors on the clinical outcome of artificial insemination with donor sperm (AID) under natural cycles.Methods:A total of 16 458 natural cycles with donor sperm were analyzed from January 2011 to December 2018 in Reproductive Center of Guangdong Province Family Planning Science and Technology Research Institute. The relationship between the clinical outcome and the factors such as the women's character, donor sperm quality and cycle related factors with χ 2 and multiple factor generalized estimating equation. Results:Many factors such as women's age ≤ 30 years ( OR=1.865, P<0.001), the woman's age from 31 to 35 years ( OR=1.215, P<0.001), duration of infertility≤5 ( OR=1.139, P=0.007), day 3 luteining hormone (LH) level>8.10 IU/L ( OR=1.309, P=0.022), day 3 estrogen level≤77.10 pmol/L ( OR=1.301, P=0.012), day 3 estrogen level from 77.11 pmol/L to 293.60 pmol/L ( OR=1.099, P=0.044), one dominant follicle per cycle ( OR=1.473, P=0.038), cervical mucus score ≥10 ( OR=1.256, P=0.026), A type endometrium ( OR=1.114, P=0.005), urinary LH strong positive ( OR=1.171, P=0.002), sperm activity ratio more than 54% after thawing ( OR=1.142, P=0.002), progressively motile sperm number ≥ 35×10 6 after thawing ( OR=1.217, P=0.001) and double inseminations per cycle ( OR=1.376, P=0.001) significantly affected the pregnancy rates of AID women under natural cycles. Conclusion:Many factors such as the woman's age, duration of infertility, day 3 LH level, day 3 estrogen level, dominant follicle number per cycle, cervical mucus score, endometrial type, sperm activity ratio after thawing, progressively motile sperm number and insemination times per cycle can affect the women’s pregnancy rate under AID natural cycles.

Objective To investigate the effects of PM2.5 exposure on the quality of IVF eggs and the quality of embryos. Methods 40 healthy female Kunming mice and 10 male mice were used in this study. 40 female mice were randomly divided into 4 groups:low dose of PM2.5 group (1.5 mg/kg),middle dose of PM2.5 group (7.5 mg/kg),high dose of PM2.5 group (15 mg/kg) and the control group (to give the same volume of saline),with 10 mice in each group. PM2.5 was administered via tracheal instillation. The number of oocytes ,fertilization rate ,abnormal fertilization rate ,2PN cleavage rate ,2PN blastocyst rate and blastocyst formation rate were determined ,as well as levels of TNF-α and IFN-γ. Results The number of oocytes , fertilization rate and cleavage rate of 2PN were significantly higher in PM2.5 high dose of PM2.5 group than those in PM2.5 group. The rate of high quality embryos and blastocyviast formation were decreased ,but abnormal fertilization rate were decreased (P < 0.05). The expressions of TNF-α and IFN-γ in the high-dose of PM2.5 group were significantly higher than those in the middle-dose of PM2.5 group and in the low-dose of PM2.5 group(P < 0.05),while the expressions of TNF-α and IFN-γ in the middle dose group was significantly higher than those in the low dose group(P<0.05). Conclusions PM2.5 exposure can decrease the number of oocytes , fertilization rate ,2PN cleavage rate ,2PN blastocyst rate and blastocyst formation rate of in vitro fertilization in mice.