OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Weiyan Tongluo Granules in treating chronic atrophic gastritis(CAG)and explore its potential mechanisms.METHODS From June 2020 to December 2022,100 CAG patients with spleen defi-ciency and blood stasis syndrome were enrolled and randomly divided into a trial group(n=50)and a control group(n=50)using a random number table.The trial group received Weiyan Tongluo Granules plus a folic acid placebo,while the control group received fo-lic acid tablets plus a traditional Chinese medicine granule placebo.The treatment course for both groups was 24 weeks,with 8 and 10 dropouts in the trial and control groups,respectively.Post-treatment comparisons included OLGA/OLGIM staging reversal rates,low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia regression rate,SSDPRO-CG(Patient-Reported Outcome Scale for Chronic Gastritis in Spleen-Stomach Diseases)scores,TCM syndrome scores,and safety indicators.Serum levels of PG I,PGⅡ,PGR,and G-17 were measured via ELISA before and after treatment.Gastric mucosal p-NF-κB and CDX2 protein expression levels were analyzed by Western blot,while mRNA levels of IL-1β,IL-6,VIL1,and MUC2 were quantified via qPCR.RESULTS After treatment,the trial group showed sig-nificantly higher OLGA and OLGIM stage reversal rates than the control group(P<0.05,P<0.01),though no significant difference was observed in low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia regression.Both groups exhibited significant improvements in physiological domain scores and total SSDPRO-CG scores(P<0.01),with the trial group outperforming the control group in physiological,independence,psychological domains,and total scores(P<0.05,P<0.01).TCM syndrome scores(total and sub-items:gastric distension,pain,poor appetite,bloating)decreased significantly in both groups(P<0.01),while the trial group showed greater reductions in loose stools and dull complexion(P<0.01).After-treatment,the trial group had significantly lower TCM syndrome scores than the control group(P<0.05,P<0.01).Serum PG I,PGⅡ,PGR,G-17,gastric mucosal p-NF-κB,CDX2,and IL-1β,IL-6,VIL1,MUC2 mRNA levels improved significantly in the trial group(P<0.05,P<0.01),while the control group improved only in PGⅡ(P<0.05,P<0.01).The trial group's improvements in these biomarkers surpassed the control group's(P<0.05,P<0.01).No treatment-related adverse events occurred in either group.CONCLUSION Weiyan Tongluo Granules ameliorate gastric mucosal pathology,clinical symptoms,psychological state,and quality of life in CAG patients without significant adverse effects.Its mechanism may involve sup-pressing the NF-κB pathway to reduce IL-1β and IL-6 expression,downregulating CDX2 to inhibit VIL1 and MUC2 transcription,thereby reversing the vicious cycle of inflammation-intestinal metaplasia.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Weiyan Tongluo Granules in treating chronic atrophic gastritis(CAG)and explore its potential mechanisms.METHODS From June 2020 to December 2022,100 CAG patients with spleen defi-ciency and blood stasis syndrome were enrolled and randomly divided into a trial group(n=50)and a control group(n=50)using a random number table.The trial group received Weiyan Tongluo Granules plus a folic acid placebo,while the control group received fo-lic acid tablets plus a traditional Chinese medicine granule placebo.The treatment course for both groups was 24 weeks,with 8 and 10 dropouts in the trial and control groups,respectively.Post-treatment comparisons included OLGA/OLGIM staging reversal rates,low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia regression rate,SSDPRO-CG(Patient-Reported Outcome Scale for Chronic Gastritis in Spleen-Stomach Diseases)scores,TCM syndrome scores,and safety indicators.Serum levels of PG I,PGⅡ,PGR,and G-17 were measured via ELISA before and after treatment.Gastric mucosal p-NF-κB and CDX2 protein expression levels were analyzed by Western blot,while mRNA levels of IL-1β,IL-6,VIL1,and MUC2 were quantified via qPCR.RESULTS After treatment,the trial group showed sig-nificantly higher OLGA and OLGIM stage reversal rates than the control group(P<0.05,P<0.01),though no significant difference was observed in low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia regression.Both groups exhibited significant improvements in physiological domain scores and total SSDPRO-CG scores(P<0.01),with the trial group outperforming the control group in physiological,independence,psychological domains,and total scores(P<0.05,P<0.01).TCM syndrome scores(total and sub-items:gastric distension,pain,poor appetite,bloating)decreased significantly in both groups(P<0.01),while the trial group showed greater reductions in loose stools and dull complexion(P<0.01).After-treatment,the trial group had significantly lower TCM syndrome scores than the control group(P<0.05,P<0.01).Serum PG I,PGⅡ,PGR,G-17,gastric mucosal p-NF-κB,CDX2,and IL-1β,IL-6,VIL1,MUC2 mRNA levels improved significantly in the trial group(P<0.05,P<0.01),while the control group improved only in PGⅡ(P<0.05,P<0.01).The trial group's improvements in these biomarkers surpassed the control group's(P<0.05,P<0.01).No treatment-related adverse events occurred in either group.CONCLUSION Weiyan Tongluo Granules ameliorate gastric mucosal pathology,clinical symptoms,psychological state,and quality of life in CAG patients without significant adverse effects.Its mechanism may involve sup-pressing the NF-κB pathway to reduce IL-1β and IL-6 expression,downregulating CDX2 to inhibit VIL1 and MUC2 transcription,thereby reversing the vicious cycle of inflammation-intestinal metaplasia.

BACKGROUND:Previous studies have shown the correlation between lumbosacral sagittal plane parameters and natural absorption of lumbar disc herniation.However,the lumbosacral sagittal plane parameters included lumbar lordosis angle,lumbosacral joint angle,sacral inclination angle and many other parameters.The effects of each parameter on the natural absorption of the herniated disc were different.In addition,there are few studies on the reabsorption of a specific segment of intervertebral disc herniation at present,and most of the measured data are obtained from digital radiography or CT,while the correlation between lumbosacral sagittal plane parameters measured from MRI and reabsorption after L5/S1 intervertebral disc herniation is rarely reported. OBJECTIVE:To study the corresponding changes of lumbar sagittal plane parameters after L5/S1 intervertebral disc herniation reabsorption and to screen out the lumbosacral sagittal plane parameters with the most significant changes during intervertebral disc reabsorption. METHODS:Totally 57 patients with lumbar disc herniation who had complete MRI image data were selected and met the diagnostic criteria for lumbar disc herniation and only received non-surgical treatment for reabsorption of L5/S1 protrusion segments.MRI measured the protrusion area of the maximum protrusion plane in the coronal plane,lumbosacral sagittal plane parameters[lumbar curvature index,lumbar lordosis(α),L5/S1 disc angle(β),intervertebral height measurement,lumbosacral joint angle,sacral platform angle,sacral inclination angle,and lower lumbar lordosis angle].Besides,lumbosacral sagittal plane parameters were ranked in the importance of variables by random forest model in R software,and then significant variables were fitted with multiple linear regression.The changes between parameters before and after treatment were analyzed and compared by paired sample t-test. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)A total of 57 patients with L5/S1 lumbar disc herniation were included in this study,and the symptoms and imaging features of the patients were significantly relieved to a large extent.(2)Before treatment,there were 4 cases of grade 1,29 cases of grade 2 and 24 cases of grade 3 according to the Classification of Michigan State University.After treatment,there were 48 cases of grade 1 and 9 cases of grade 2.(3)The random forest model suggested that intervertebral height,lumbar curve index,sacral inclination angle,and lower lumbar lordosis angle changed significantly in L5/S1 disc herniation reabsorption,and the order of their change significance was lumbar curve index>intervertebral space height>sacral inclination angle>lower lumbar lordosis angle.(4)Lumbar curve index,lumbar lordosis and sacral platform angle increased,with statistical significance(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in disc angle,intervertebral height,lower lumbar lordosis angle,sacral inclination angle or lumbosacral joint angle(P>0.05).(5)Lumbar curvature index was the most significant parameter of the lumbosacral sagittal plane in herniated disc reabsorption.In addition,lumbar curve index,sacral inclination angle,and lower lumbar lordosis angle are commonly used clinically to describe the change of lumbar curvature,suggesting that L5/S1 disc herniation reabsorption is correlated with the change of lumbar curvature.It is indicated that in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation,a clinical cure can be achieved by improving or restoring the disordered lumbar curvature.

Objective:To explore the causal association between inflammatory cytokines and fibromyalgia by Mendelian randomization analysis.Methods:By mining the GWAS Catalog database and FinnGen database, the exposure factor was set as inflammatory cytokines, and the outcome was fibromyalgia. The main analysis method adopted in this study is inverse variance weighted (IVW) method, with MR-Egger, Simple Mode method, weighted median (WM), and Weighted Mode as supplementary statistical methods for Mendelian randomization analysis. Subsequently, by swapping the exposure factors and outcomes, the directionality of the analysis was tested.Results:Among the 91 known inflammatory cytokines, a causal association was found between natural killer cell receptor 2B4 (CD244), monocyte chemotactic protein 2 (MCP-2), C-X-C chemokine 6 (CXCL6), interleukin 12β subunit (IL12B), and fibromyalgia. Among them, CD244, CXCL6, and IL12B were positively correlated with FM [CD244: OR(95% CI)=1.21(1.08, 1.35), P<0.001]. [MCP-2: OR(95% CI)=0.91(0.87, 0.96), P<0.001], [CXCL6: OR(95% CI)=1.15(1.06, 1.24), P<0.001], IL-12B [ OR(95% CI)=1.13(1.06, 1.20), P<0.001]. Sensitivity analysis did not find multiple effects, heterogeneity,or correlation. Conclusion:The increase in the levels of CD244, CXCL6, and IL-12B will increase the risk of FM, while the increase in the level of MCP-2 will reduce the risk of FM disease.

Febrile seizures is one of the most common neurological diseases in childhood and the most common reason of convulsions. Although most of the convulsions have a good prognosis, prolonged febrile seizures can lead to hypoxic ischemic brain injury and influence the long-term intellectual development if the convulsions are repeated. It will lead to cognitive abilities, learning and memory decline, and even become the pathophysiological etiology of intractable epilepsy. Therefore,it has been became a great concern due to its serious impact on the quality of the child′s life. How to safely and effectively prevent the onset of febrile seizures has been an important task in pediatric clinical work. At present,there are some variously pre-ventive treatment guidelines or specifications,but it still left a debate about its effect. This article reviewed the progress of the studies on the preventive treatment of febrile seizures,so as to improve the understanding and the level of clinical preventive treatment of febrile seizures of the pediatricians.

Objective: To investigate the effect of pure titanium surface of large diameter TiO2 nanotubes modified by RGD peptide on the adhesion and proliferation of MG63 osteoblasts. to provide theoretical proof for developing titanium implants. Methods: Commercially pure titanium discs were divided into four groups and treated with SLA to obtain a microrough surface (SLA group). Then, nanotubes were imposed on this microrough surface by anodization (SLA+80 group). The surface was then modified by dopamine (DOPA) (DOPA Group), after which bioactive RGD peptide layers were generated on the TiO2 nanotube surfaces via electrochemical and molecular self-assembly techniques (RGD group). The titanium surface morphology and elemental composition of each group were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). MG63 cells were cultured in vitro to evaluate biological activities of titanium before and after treatment, including the evaluation of early-stage cell adhesion capacity by fluorescence microscopy, proliferation capacity by MTS assay, and mRNA expression of the cell osteoblast-related genes alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteocalcin (OCN) by qRT-PCR. Results: FE-SEM and XPS showed that hierarchical micro/nanosurfaces decorated with TiO2 nanotubes were produced on titanium using sandblasting and large grit etching combined with anodization, dopamine was then self-polymerized to form a polydopamine film on the TiO2 nanotube surfaces, and RGD peptides were then conjugated to the polydopamine film, finally forming RGD peptide-modified bioactive layers. In vitro experiments showed that compared with the other three materials, the RGD-modified material was more conducive to cell adhesion and proliferation (P < 0.05). The expression levels of ALP and OCN mRNA in the RGD group were significantly higher than those in the SLA group and DOPA group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Hierarchical micro/nanosurfaces decorated with TiO2 nanotubes functionally modified with RGD peptides have good biocompatibility and could be used for developing titanium implants and further improving early osseointegration.

Objective To investigate whether soluble PD-1 overexpression in 4T1 senescence tumor cells enhances the anti-tumor effect of senescence tumor cell vaccine (STCV) against breast tumor cells in a tumor-bearing mouse model. Methods 4T1 cells were treated with interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and the expression of PD-L1 was detected by flow cytometry. CCK8 assay was used to compare the cell proliferation activity between 4T1 cells and 4T1 cells infected by a lentiviral vector of sPD-1 (4T1/sPD-1 cells), and the expressions of sPD-1 mRNA and protein in 4T1/sPD-1 cells were detected using qPCR and Western blotting. The culture supernatant of 4T1/sPD-1 cells was added in 4T1 cells pre-treated with IFN-γ, and PD-1-positive 4T1 cells were detected with flow cytometry. Senescenceβ-galactosidase staining kit was used to detect the senescent 4T1 and 4T1/sPD-1 cells following exposure to X-ray radiation and Veliparib. Balb/c mice bearing subcutaneous 4T1 tumor xenografts were treated with injections of PBS, 4T1 STCV, or 4T1/sPD-1 STCV, and tumor growth was observed. Results Stimulation with IFN-γconcentration-dependently up-regulated PD-L1 expression by as much as (84.80 ± 1.03)％ in 4T1 cells (P<0.001). sPD-1 overexpression in 4T1 cells did not significantly affect the cell proliferation. Treatment of 4T1 cells with 4T1/sPD-1 cell culture supernatant significantly increased the proportion of PD-1 + cells from (6.893 ± 0.271)％ to (55.450 ± 0.555)％ (P<0.001). X-ray irradiation combined with Veliparib caused obvious senescence in 4T1 and 4T1/sPD-1 cells. In the tumor-preventing experiment, tumor formation occurred in all the mice in PBS group;28.787％of the mice in 4T1 STCV group and 55.556％in 4T1/sPD-1 STCV group showed no tumor formation. In the tumor treatment experiment, tumor formation occurred in all the mice in PBS groups while in 4T1 STCV and 4T1/sPD-1 STCV groups, 11.111％ and 38.89％ of the mice were tumor-free during the observation period, respectively. Conclusions Senescence tumor cells vaccine has anti-tumor effect against breast cancer in mice, and sPD-1 over-expression can enhance this effect of the vaccine.

Objective To investigate whether soluble PD-1 overexpression in 4T1 senescence tumor cells enhances the anti-tumor effect of senescence tumor cell vaccine (STCV) against breast tumor cells in a tumor-bearing mouse model. Methods 4T1 cells were treated with interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and the expression of PD-L1 was detected by flow cytometry. CCK8 assay was used to compare the cell proliferation activity between 4T1 cells and 4T1 cells infected by a lentiviral vector of sPD-1 (4T1/sPD-1 cells), and the expressions of sPD-1 mRNA and protein in 4T1/sPD-1 cells were detected using qPCR and Western blotting. The culture supernatant of 4T1/sPD-1 cells was added in 4T1 cells pre-treated with IFN-γ, and PD-1-positive 4T1 cells were detected with flow cytometry. Senescenceβ-galactosidase staining kit was used to detect the senescent 4T1 and 4T1/sPD-1 cells following exposure to X-ray radiation and Veliparib. Balb/c mice bearing subcutaneous 4T1 tumor xenografts were treated with injections of PBS, 4T1 STCV, or 4T1/sPD-1 STCV, and tumor growth was observed. Results Stimulation with IFN-γconcentration-dependently up-regulated PD-L1 expression by as much as (84.80 ± 1.03)％ in 4T1 cells (P<0.001). sPD-1 overexpression in 4T1 cells did not significantly affect the cell proliferation. Treatment of 4T1 cells with 4T1/sPD-1 cell culture supernatant significantly increased the proportion of PD-1 + cells from (6.893 ± 0.271)％ to (55.450 ± 0.555)％ (P<0.001). X-ray irradiation combined with Veliparib caused obvious senescence in 4T1 and 4T1/sPD-1 cells. In the tumor-preventing experiment, tumor formation occurred in all the mice in PBS group;28.787％of the mice in 4T1 STCV group and 55.556％in 4T1/sPD-1 STCV group showed no tumor formation. In the tumor treatment experiment, tumor formation occurred in all the mice in PBS groups while in 4T1 STCV and 4T1/sPD-1 STCV groups, 11.111％ and 38.89％ of the mice were tumor-free during the observation period, respectively. Conclusions Senescence tumor cells vaccine has anti-tumor effect against breast cancer in mice, and sPD-1 over-expression can enhance this effect of the vaccine.

Objective To explore the titre of serum anti-phospholipase A2 receptor antibodies (anti-PLA2 R antibodies) detected by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to provide a more specific serological index for clinical diagnosis and disease judgment of membranous nephropathy (MN).Methods Thirty-four cases of MN confirmed by kidney biopsy ,32 inpatients with autoimmune diseases ,nephrotic syndrome and renal insufficiency in the nephrology department of our hospital and 12 persons un-dergoing physical examination were selected.The serum was collected for detecting anti-PLA2 R antibodies level.Then its diagnostic performance for diagnosing MM was analyzed by combining with serum TP ,ALB ,IgG ,IgA ,IgM ,C3 and C4 indicators.Results The medians of anti-PLA2 R antibodies titres in the MN group ,disease control group and healthy control group were 22.1 ,2.0 ,2.0 RU/mL respectively ,which had statistical difference between the MN group and other two groups (P<0.05).Seventeen cases of anti-PLA2R antibodies positive were in the MN group(positive rate50% )and 17 cases were negative,the disease control group and healthy control group all were negative.Its specificity and positive predictive value were 100% ,TP ,ALB and IgG had statistical difference between the MN group with the disease control group and healthy control group (P<0.05);the relative coefficients of anti-PLA2 R antibodies with TP ,ALB and IgG ,IgA ,IgM ,C3 and C4 were in turn -0.382 ,-0.344 ,-0.502 ,-0.295 ,0.062 , 0.005 and 0.241 respectively ,anti-PLA2R antibodies were negatively correlated with TP ,ALB ,IgG and IgA(P<0.01) ,positively correlated with C4(P<0.05) and had no relation with IgM and C3(P>0.05).Conclusion Anti-PLA2 R antibodies have higher specificity for the diagnosis of MN and can serve as the necessary and specific serologic detection indicator in the patients unable to conduct renal biopsy.Quantitative detection helps to condition judgment.

Objective To evaluate clinical effect of Compound Fanshiliu Recipe(CFR) for the treatment of over-weighted type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM). Methods One hundred and twenty over-weighted T2DM patients were randomized into treatment group and control group, 60 cases in each group. Both groups were given oral use of Metformin Hydrochloride Enteric-Coated Tablets, and additionally the treatment group was treated with CFR orally. The treatment of both groups lasted for 12 continuous weeks. Before and after treatment, we detected the waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI), and the levels of fasting blood glucose(FBG), postprandial 2-hour blood glucose(P2hBG), glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c), total cholesterol(TC), triglyceride (TG), and free fatty acid (FFA). The therapeutic effect of the two groups was also evaluated after treatment. Results (1) The total effective rate for traditional Chinese medical symptoms was 95.00% in the treatment group, and was 70.00%in the control group, the difference being significant(P<0.01).(2) After treatment, WC and BMI were decreased in the treatment group(P<0.01 compared with those before treatment), but had no significant decrease in the control group(P>0.05). The decrease of WC and BMI of the treatment group was superior to that of the control group(P<0.05).(3) After treatment, levels of FBG, P2hBG, HbA1c, TC, TG, and FFA of both groups were significantly improved (P<0.05), and the improvement of the treatment group was superior to that of the control group(P<0.05).(4) Three patients of the treatment group suffered from slight gastric discomfort, and the discomfort was relieved without any special treatment. Other patients of the two groups had no adverse reaction. Conclusion Treatment of CFR combined with Metformin has been proved to be an effective and safe approach to decrease blood glucose and blood lipid levels, promote weight loss, and ameliorate traditional Chinese medical symptoms.