Objective: To evaluate the intervention effect of school based salt reduction health education, so as to provide a scientific basis for constructing a more effective and sustainable salt reduction intervention model for children. Methods: According to a randomized controlled trial design, in June 2022, probability proportional to size sampling was used to select 501 second grade students (248 in the control group and 253 in the intervention group) from 10 primary schools in Zhenjiang (intervention group) and 10 primary schools in Yangzhou (control group), Jiangsu Province. An one year school based salt reduction health education intervention was implemented. This included 20 online and 8 offline health education sessions, monitoring of salt consumption in the canteen, and the establishment of a salt reduction environment on campus. The control group received no additional salt reduction interventions. A questionnaire survey and 24 hour urinary sodium test were conducted before and after the intervention. The difference in differences method was used to evaluate the intervention effect. Results: After the intervention, the intervention group showed significant net intervention effects in knowledge aspects, including knowing that primary school students consume less salt than adults ( OR=3.55,95%CI =1.69-7.47), daily salt intake of primary school students ( OR=6.64,95%CI =3.71-11.87), long term high salt intake leading to hypertension ( OR=6.83,95%CI =3.93-11.91), low salt intake not causing hair graying ( OR= 1.66 ,95%CI =1.00-2.75), salt content in food labels ( OR=4.56,95%CI =2.63-7.91), and common high salt foods ( OR=3.39,95%CI =1.87-6.14) (all P <0.05). In terms of attitude, the net intervention effect for having a positive attitude toward using less salt in home cooking was significantly increased ( OR=1.88,95%CI =1.13-3.12, P <0.05). There were no statistically significant net intervention effects for salt reduction related behaviors (all P >0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the changes of 24 hour urinary sodium between the intervention group and the control group before and after intervention ( P >0.05). Conclusions School based salt reduction health education effectively improves students salt reduction knowledge and attitudes but has a limited effect on behavior change. The home-school collaboration should be strengthened, and the dietary environment should be optimized simultaneously.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) on intestinal microbiome and organism in patients with severe pneumonia during the convalescence period. METHODS: A prospective non-randomized controlled study was conducted. From December 2021 to May 2022, patients with severe pneumonia during the convalescence period who received FMT (FMT group) and patients with severe pneumonia during the convalescence period who did not receive FMT (non-FMT group) admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University were enrolled. The differences of clinical indicators, gastrointestinal function and fecal traits between the two groups were compared 1 day before and 10 days after enrollment. The 16S rDNA gene sequencing technology was used to analyze the changes of intestinal flora diversity and different species in patients with FMT before and after enrollment, and metabolic pathways were analyzed and predicted by Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database (KEGG). Pearson correlation method was used to analyze the correlation between intestinal flora and clinical indicators in FMT group. RESULTS: The level of triacylglycerol (TG) in FMT group was significantly decreased at 10 days after enrollment compared with before enrollment [mmol/L: 0.94 (0.71, 1.40) vs. 1.47 (0.78, 1.86), P < 0.05]. The level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in non-FMT group was significantly decreased at 10 days after enrollment compared with before enrollment (mmol/L: 0.68±0.27 vs. 0.80±0.31, P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in other clinical indexes, gastrointestinal function or fecal character scores between the two groups. Diversity analysis showed that the α diversity indexes of intestinal flora in FMT group at 10 days after enrollment were significantly higher than those in non-FMT group, and β diversity was also significantly different from that in non-FMT group. Differential species analysis showed that the relative abundance of Proteobacteria at the level of intestinal flora in FMT group at 10 days after enrollment was significantly lower than that in non-FMT group [8.554% (5.977%, 12.159%) vs. 19.285% (8.054%, 33.207%), P < 0.05], while the relative abundance of Fusobacteria was significantly higher than that in non-FMT group [6.801% (1.373%, 20.586%) vs. 0.003% (0%, 9.324%), P < 0.05], and the relative abundance of Butyricimonas, Fusobacterium and Bifidobacterium at the genus level of the intestinal flora was significantly higher than that in non-FMT group [Butyricimonas: 1.634% (0.813%, 2.387%) vs. 0% (0%, 0.061%), Fusobacterium: 6.801% (1.373%, 20.586%) vs. 0.002% (0%, 9.324%), Bifidobacterium: 0.037% (0%, 0.153%) vs. 0% (0%, 0%), all P < 0.05]. KEGG metabolic pathway analysis showed that the intestinal flora of FMT group was changed in bisphenol degradation, mineral absorption, phosphonate and phosphinate metabolism, cardiac muscle contraction, Parkinson disease and other metabolic pathways and diseases. Correlation analysis showed that Actinobacteria and prealbumin (PA) in intestinal flora of FMT group were significantly positively correlated (r = 0.53, P = 0.043), Bacteroidetes was positively correlated with blood urea nitrogen (BUN; r = 0.56, P = 0.029) and complement C3 (r = 0.57, P = 0.027), Firmicutes was positively correlated with BUN (r = 0.56, P = 0.029) and complement C3 (r = 0.57, P = 0.027), Fusobacteria was significantly positively correlated with immunoglobulin M (IgM; r = 0.71, P = 0.003), Proteobacteria was significantly positively correlated with procalcitonin (PCT; r = 0.63, P = 0.012) and complement C4 (r = 0.56, P = 0.030). CONCLUSIONS FMT can reduce TG level, reconstruct intestinal microecological structure, change body metabolism and function, and alleviate inflammatory response by reducing the relative abundance of harmful bacteria in patients with severe pneumonia during the convalescence period.
Humans ; Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ; Complement C3 ; Convalescence ; Prospective Studies ; Feces

Objective To observe and analyze the clinical curative effect of the platelet rich plasma (PRP) in treatment of chronic difficult to heal the wound.Methods We selected 60 patients with chronic difficult healing wounds and they were divide into two groups at random,30 patients of A group,B group of 30 patients.All patients were given routine debridement,drainage and decompression treatment,B group was given autologous PRP wound injection and follow-up on the basis of conventional treatment.After injection of PRP,platelet count,platelet recovery and application of PRP granulation tissue growth and wound healing were observed.Results The wound healing effect at the 7th,14th,21 st day between the two groups,and compared with the 1 st day,the differences were statistically significant (A group:10.28％,22.16％,43.25％,65.78％;B group:18.75％,37.58％,61.84％,80.26％;X2:7.895,8.934,10.231,9.076,all P ＜ 0.05).Two groups of patients had obvious difference in healing time,in B group the average healing time was (12.6 ± 5.2) d,which in was (17.3 ± 7.4) d,the difference was statistically significant (t =1.932,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The PRP can effectively promote the wound repair of soft tissue,to promote healing of chronic difficult wound healing,the curative effect is distinct,it is worthy of clinical popularization and application.

Objective To observe the clinical effect of the anterolateral thigh flap in repairing defect caused by resection of malignant melanoma in the heel region.Methods 8 patients with heel malignant melanoma were trea-ted by surgery.The malignant melanoma was further diagnosed by histopathological examination.Their heel defects caused by large resection of malignant melanoma were treated by anterolateral thigh flap.Results All skin flaps sur-vived and all the patients could walk normally 1 month after operation.The recovery of the function and sense was well 6 months after operation.Compared with the another well heel,the flaps had normal texture,color and appearance of heel.8 patients had complete follow -up,ranged form 6 months to 3 years.All cases survived with neither local recur-rence nor distant metastasis.Conclusion The anterolateral thigh flap can achieve good clinical effect in treating heel defect caused by the resection of malignant melamoma.And especially apply in large skin and tissue defect of heel area.The flap can weight,wear -resisting and reduce overheating and over cold damage.The range of resection can not be restricted by local skin flap.The clinical effect is satisfied.

Objective To observe therapeutic effects of early scab-cutting combined with axis-like abdo-men skin flap implanting in patients with wrist deep electrical burns.Methods Retrospective study was employed to analyze 70 patients received axis -like abdomen skin flap implanting for wrist deep electrical burns.All the cases were separated with early scab-cutting group(35 cases)and delayed scab-cutting group(35 cases),according to types of skin flap implanting.The therapeutic effect for the two groups were evaluated with rate of infection,duration of healing,living rate of skin flap,grade of skin burning,and rate of amputate.Results In the early scab -cutting group,the rate of infection was 11%,the duration of healing was(24.0 ±6.0)days,the rate of amputate was 3%,the living rate of skin flap was 97.0%,the wound healing of class A was 94.3%.In the delayed scab-cutting group,the data were respectively 31%,(35.0 ±7.4)days,17.0%,31% and 28.6%.Compared with the data of the two groups,the difference had statistical significance(the chi-square value or T value were respectively 4.151,6.831,3. 968,31.895,3.968.All the P values was less than 0.05).Conclusion Early scab-cutting combined with varied sorts of skin flap implanting shown great benefits for treatment of wounded and facilitate rehabilitation in function of wrist,which suggest decrease rate of complications and minimized hospitalized duration.

OBJECTIVETo pursue insulin and islet-transplantation replacement therapy for type 1 diabetes based on engineered human non-beta cells which secrete mature insulin.

METHODSHuman proinsulin cDNA was cloned from its genomic gene and mutated by overlap extension PCR, introducing furin consensus cleavage sequences (Arg-Xaa-Lys/Arg-Arg). An expression vector encoding a genetically modified human proinsulin cDNA was generated and transduced to Hela, 293, and L02 cells by lipofectin-mediated DNA transfection. Following G418 screening, the surviving L02 cells were selected and enriched. Insulin levels in the supernatant and cells were evaluated using radioimmunoassay and immunofluorescence staining.

RESULTSThree sites in the insulin gene were mutated simultaneously. Insulin gene modified cells were able to express insulin at different levels: 8.45 - 188.00 microIU/24 h/2.0 x 10(6) Hela cells and 159.88 - 242.14 microIU/24 h/2.0 x 10(6) 293 cells for transient expression, and 2.56 - 61.95 microIU/24 h/2.0 x 10(6) from several L02 clones screened with G418. No insulin was released by control cells. Furthermore, immunofluorescence staining confirmed that proinsulin was stored as vacuoles in the cytoplasm of L02 cells.

CONCLUSIONA correctly mutated human proinsulin cDNA was obtained successfully, transfected and expressed efficiently in non-beta cells, lending support to the study of somatic gene therapy in diabetes mellitus.

Cell Line ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; DNA, Complementary ; genetics ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Genetic Vectors ; genetics ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Insulin ; genetics ; metabolism ; Proinsulin ; genetics ; Radioimmunoassay ; Transfection

Objective　 To investigate the efficacy and security of the treatment for the with visual function in neovascular glaucoma with Ahmed glaucoma value(AGV ).Methods　Twenty-six cases (26 eyes) with visual function in neovascular glaucoma underwent AGV implantation. Results　After surgery，the follow-up periods lasted for 4 to 26 months (mean 8 months ),the visual acuity of 22 eyes (86.4%) was improved or remained the same，no case of the blindness was found. The mean intraocular pressure was between 0.8～2.8kPa in 17 eyes，and the Yate of control reaches to 65.4% , the postoperative complication included transicent hyphema, Early hypotony, obstruction of the tube tip and drop out of the plate.Conclusion　The AGV implantation treating those with visual function in neovascular glaucoma is an effective and safe method.