Objective To investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine(Dex)on bone loss in tail-suspended rats and primarily explore its regulatory mechanism on bone metabolism.Methods A total of 30 male rats were randomly divided into a control group,a model group,and a Dex group,with 10 animals in each group.Rat model of osteoporosis was established by hind limb suspension for 4 weeks.Dex at a dose of 10 μg/kg was given intraperitoneally,once every other day from the day of tail suspension.And equal amount of normal saline was given to the control and model group.Bone histological staining was used to observe the trabecular bone area fraction.Biomechanical three-point bending test was employed to measure the maximum load,stiffness,and fracture energy.Dual calcein/alizarin red fluorescence labeling and tartrate resistant acid phosphatase(TRAP)staining were applied respectively to detect the mineral apposition rate and bone formation rate as well as the number of osteoclasts on bone surfaces.Secondly,after primary osteoblasts were isolated from the tibiae of tail-suspended rats and then treated with 1 nmol/L Dex,the proportion of alkaline phosphatase(ALP)-positive osteoblasts and the activity of the enzyme were detected by ALP staining and activity test.qRT-PCR was applied to measure the expression of osteogenic activity-related factors,including osteocalcin(Ocn),Runt related transcription factor 2(Runx2),Osterix protein(Osx),and type 1 collagen(Col1).Results The animal experiments revealed that Dex treatment significantly increased the tibial trabecular bone area fraction,inhibited the decrease in bone mechanical strength,and enhanced the mineralization deposition rate and new bone formation rate of trabecular bone in the tail-suspended rats(all P＜0.001).The in vitro experiments showed that Dex treatment obviously improved ALP activity and the number of ALP-positive osteoblasts in primary osteoblasts isolated from tail-suspended rats(P＜0.01),and up-regulated the expression levels of osteogenic differentiation-related genes,such as Ocn,Runx2,Osx and Col1(P＜0.01).Conclusion Dex exerts anti-bone loss effect in tail-suspended rats,which may be associated with its stimulation on osteoblast-mediated bone formation.

Objective:To construct and validate a risk prediction model for major complications 30 days after surgery in the elderly patients with hip fracture.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 276 elderly patients with hip fracture who had been admitted to Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, The Hospital Affiliated to Chengde Medical University from June 2019 to December 2021. There were 96 males and 180 females with an age of (74.5±9.3) years, and 139 femoral neck fractures and 137 intertrochanteric fractures. The outcome of this study was whether major complications occurred within 30 days after surgery. Multiple logistic regression analysis identified the risk factors for major complications in the elderly patients with hip fracture within 30 days after surgery. The forward step-by-step method and likelihood ratio test were used to screen the best prediction model. A nomogram was constructed to display the model. The stability and effectiveness of the model were evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC), Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test, clinical decision curve and clinical impact curve analysis.Results:Logistic regression analysis showed that decreased preoperative hemoglobin ( P< 0.05), time from admission to surgery >72 hours ( OR=3.001, 95% CI: 1.564 to 5.758, P<0.001), control of nutritional status (CONUT) score >4 points ( OR=3.394, 95% CI: 1.724 to 6.680, P<0.001), and age-adjusted modified frailty index (aamFI) >2 points ( OR=2.875, 95% CI: 1.548 to 5.339, P= 0.001), increased operation time ( OR=1.016, 95% CI: 1.006 to 1.025, P=0.001), and surgical bleeding >60 mL ( OR=2.373, 95% CI: 1.016 to 5.540, P=0.046) were independent risk factors for major complications within 30 days after surgery in the elderly patients with hip fracture. The area under the ROC curve in the logistic risk prediction model was 0.846 (95% CI: 0.799 to 0.889), and the results of Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test showed ( χ2=8.080, P=0.426). The clinical decision curve and clinical impact curve showed that the prediction model was accurate and effective. Conclusion:Based on the patients' preoperative hemoglobin, time from admission to surgery, control of nutritional status score, age-adjusted modified frailty index, operation time and surgical blood loss, this study has constructed successfully a risk prediction model for complications 30 days after surgery in the elderly patients with hip fracture which enables medical staff to predict the occurrence of major postoperative complications.

The objective of this study was to examine the effects of electroacupuncture on the expression of ATP-binding cassette transporter A1(ABCA1),ATP-binding cassette transporter G1(ABCG1),and class B type Ⅰ scavenger receptor(SR-B Ⅰ)genes and proteins in peritoneal macrophages of atherosclerotic rabbits.The study aimed to explore the mechanism underlying the treatment of atherosclerosis(AS)with electroacupuncture.Methods Twenty-six male New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into the negative control group(n=7)and the modeling group(n=19)using a random number table method.The negative control group rabbits were fed a regular diet,while the modeling group was induced with a combination of high-fat feed and common carotid artery balloon injury surgery to create an AS model.After successful modeling,the rabbits in the modeling group were further divided into the model group,the electroacupuncture group,and the atorvastatin group,with 6 rabbits in each group.The rabbits in the electroacupuncture group received electroacupuncture at"'Neiguan'(PC6)","'Zusanli'(ST36)",and"'Guanyuan'(ST25)"acupoints,using a density wave,a current of 1 mA,and a frequency of 4 Hz/20 Hz,once a day.The needle was retained for 20 minutes each time,and a total of 4 courses of treatment were conducted,with 6 days per course.The rabbits in the atorvastatin group were administered atorvastatin calcium tablet suspension(1 mg/kg)orally once a day,for 6 days per course,with a total of 4 courses.After the interventions,HE staining was performed to observe the morphological changes in the common carotid artery tissue of the rabbits.Peritoneal macrophages were collected from the rabbits,and the mRNA expression levels of ABCA1,ABCG1,and SR-B Ⅰ were measured using real-time fluorescence PCR.The protein expression levels of ABCA1,ABCG1,and SR-B Ⅰ were detected using Western blotting.Results The negative control group exhibited smooth intima of common carotid artery in rabbits,while the model group displayed damaged intima of common carotid artery,thickened artery walls,and the formation of atherosclerotic plaques.The electroacupuncture group and atorvastatin group showed significant improvements in wall thickening and a reduction in plaque area.Compared with the negative control group,the mRNA and protein expressions of ABCA1,ABCG1,and SR-B Ⅰ in peritoneal macrophages of rabbits in the model group were reduced(P＜0.01).Compared with the model group,the electroacupuncture group and atorvastatin group exhibited increased mRNA and protein expressions of ABCA1,ABCG1,and SR-B Ⅰ in abdominal macrophages of rabbits(P＜0.01).Furthermore,the atorvastatin group demonstrated increased mRNA levels of ABCG1 and SR-B Ⅰ,as well as increased protein expressions of ABCA1,ABCG1,and SR-B Ⅰ in peritoneal macrophages of rabbits,in comparison to the electroacupuncture group(P＜0.01).Conclusion Electroacupuncture can enhance the expressions of ABCA1,ABCG1,and SR-B Ⅰ mRNA and protein in abdominal macrophages of AS rabbits,thereby promoting the process of cholesterol reverse transport.This may be one of the mechanisms underlying the effectiveness of acupuncture in the treatment of AS.

Objective:In the context of the aging trend of China's population,it aims to analyze the trend of elderly disabled population growth in various regions and calculate the potential payment pressure of long-term care insurance for the disabled population,thereby providing policy implications for China's long-term care insurance system.Methods:A model for estimating the amount of expenditure on long-term care insurance fund was constructed,using the population age structure of each province in China from 2025 to 2060 obtained from the random forest model,and combining multi-source data such as the disability rate of the elderly population and the care cost of disabled elderly people to predict the number of elderly disabled people and the payment amount of long-term care insurance in each province in the future.Results:The aging trend in China will continue to intensify and exhibit a significant structural feature.The peak of the aging ratio in northeastern regions such as Inner Mongolia,Heilongjiang,Jilin,and Liaoning will come earliest,while the number of elderly people with disabilities in provinces with large populations such as Shandong,Sichuan,and Henan are relatively larger.Guangdong will have the largest number of disabled elderly people by 2055.Conclusion:It is suggested that the long-term care insurance system should be steadily advanced,with national-level support for the construction of the system in Northeast China and populous provinces.

Objective:In the context of the aging trend of China's population,it aims to analyze the trend of elderly disabled population growth in various regions and calculate the potential payment pressure of long-term care insurance for the disabled population,thereby providing policy implications for China's long-term care insurance system.Methods:A model for estimating the amount of expenditure on long-term care insurance fund was constructed,using the population age structure of each province in China from 2025 to 2060 obtained from the random forest model,and combining multi-source data such as the disability rate of the elderly population and the care cost of disabled elderly people to predict the number of elderly disabled people and the payment amount of long-term care insurance in each province in the future.Results:The aging trend in China will continue to intensify and exhibit a significant structural feature.The peak of the aging ratio in northeastern regions such as Inner Mongolia,Heilongjiang,Jilin,and Liaoning will come earliest,while the number of elderly people with disabilities in provinces with large populations such as Shandong,Sichuan,and Henan are relatively larger.Guangdong will have the largest number of disabled elderly people by 2055.Conclusion:It is suggested that the long-term care insurance system should be steadily advanced,with national-level support for the construction of the system in Northeast China and populous provinces.

Objective:In the context of the aging trend of China's population,it aims to analyze the trend of elderly disabled population growth in various regions and calculate the potential payment pressure of long-term care insurance for the disabled population,thereby providing policy implications for China's long-term care insurance system.Methods:A model for estimating the amount of expenditure on long-term care insurance fund was constructed,using the population age structure of each province in China from 2025 to 2060 obtained from the random forest model,and combining multi-source data such as the disability rate of the elderly population and the care cost of disabled elderly people to predict the number of elderly disabled people and the payment amount of long-term care insurance in each province in the future.Results:The aging trend in China will continue to intensify and exhibit a significant structural feature.The peak of the aging ratio in northeastern regions such as Inner Mongolia,Heilongjiang,Jilin,and Liaoning will come earliest,while the number of elderly people with disabilities in provinces with large populations such as Shandong,Sichuan,and Henan are relatively larger.Guangdong will have the largest number of disabled elderly people by 2055.Conclusion:It is suggested that the long-term care insurance system should be steadily advanced,with national-level support for the construction of the system in Northeast China and populous provinces.

Objective:In the context of the aging trend of China's population,it aims to analyze the trend of elderly disabled population growth in various regions and calculate the potential payment pressure of long-term care insurance for the disabled population,thereby providing policy implications for China's long-term care insurance system.Methods:A model for estimating the amount of expenditure on long-term care insurance fund was constructed,using the population age structure of each province in China from 2025 to 2060 obtained from the random forest model,and combining multi-source data such as the disability rate of the elderly population and the care cost of disabled elderly people to predict the number of elderly disabled people and the payment amount of long-term care insurance in each province in the future.Results:The aging trend in China will continue to intensify and exhibit a significant structural feature.The peak of the aging ratio in northeastern regions such as Inner Mongolia,Heilongjiang,Jilin,and Liaoning will come earliest,while the number of elderly people with disabilities in provinces with large populations such as Shandong,Sichuan,and Henan are relatively larger.Guangdong will have the largest number of disabled elderly people by 2055.Conclusion:It is suggested that the long-term care insurance system should be steadily advanced,with national-level support for the construction of the system in Northeast China and populous provinces.

Objective:In the context of the aging trend of China's population,it aims to analyze the trend of elderly disabled population growth in various regions and calculate the potential payment pressure of long-term care insurance for the disabled population,thereby providing policy implications for China's long-term care insurance system.Methods:A model for estimating the amount of expenditure on long-term care insurance fund was constructed,using the population age structure of each province in China from 2025 to 2060 obtained from the random forest model,and combining multi-source data such as the disability rate of the elderly population and the care cost of disabled elderly people to predict the number of elderly disabled people and the payment amount of long-term care insurance in each province in the future.Results:The aging trend in China will continue to intensify and exhibit a significant structural feature.The peak of the aging ratio in northeastern regions such as Inner Mongolia,Heilongjiang,Jilin,and Liaoning will come earliest,while the number of elderly people with disabilities in provinces with large populations such as Shandong,Sichuan,and Henan are relatively larger.Guangdong will have the largest number of disabled elderly people by 2055.Conclusion:It is suggested that the long-term care insurance system should be steadily advanced,with national-level support for the construction of the system in Northeast China and populous provinces.

Objective:In the context of the aging trend of China's population,it aims to analyze the trend of elderly disabled population growth in various regions and calculate the potential payment pressure of long-term care insurance for the disabled population,thereby providing policy implications for China's long-term care insurance system.Methods:A model for estimating the amount of expenditure on long-term care insurance fund was constructed,using the population age structure of each province in China from 2025 to 2060 obtained from the random forest model,and combining multi-source data such as the disability rate of the elderly population and the care cost of disabled elderly people to predict the number of elderly disabled people and the payment amount of long-term care insurance in each province in the future.Results:The aging trend in China will continue to intensify and exhibit a significant structural feature.The peak of the aging ratio in northeastern regions such as Inner Mongolia,Heilongjiang,Jilin,and Liaoning will come earliest,while the number of elderly people with disabilities in provinces with large populations such as Shandong,Sichuan,and Henan are relatively larger.Guangdong will have the largest number of disabled elderly people by 2055.Conclusion:It is suggested that the long-term care insurance system should be steadily advanced,with national-level support for the construction of the system in Northeast China and populous provinces.

Objective:In the context of the aging trend of China's population,it aims to analyze the trend of elderly disabled population growth in various regions and calculate the potential payment pressure of long-term care insurance for the disabled population,thereby providing policy implications for China's long-term care insurance system.Methods:A model for estimating the amount of expenditure on long-term care insurance fund was constructed,using the population age structure of each province in China from 2025 to 2060 obtained from the random forest model,and combining multi-source data such as the disability rate of the elderly population and the care cost of disabled elderly people to predict the number of elderly disabled people and the payment amount of long-term care insurance in each province in the future.Results:The aging trend in China will continue to intensify and exhibit a significant structural feature.The peak of the aging ratio in northeastern regions such as Inner Mongolia,Heilongjiang,Jilin,and Liaoning will come earliest,while the number of elderly people with disabilities in provinces with large populations such as Shandong,Sichuan,and Henan are relatively larger.Guangdong will have the largest number of disabled elderly people by 2055.Conclusion:It is suggested that the long-term care insurance system should be steadily advanced,with national-level support for the construction of the system in Northeast China and populous provinces.