Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of different positions external physical vibration lithecbole (EPVL) therapy for ureteral calculi related renal colic. Methods: This study was a prospective multicenter randomized controlled trial. The inclusion criteria was that patients volunteered to participate in the trial and signed informed consent, patients’age ranged from 18-65 years old, ureteral calculi related with renal colic, stone diameter was less than 7 mm, patients were not treated with analgesia, antispasmodic drugs. The exclusion criteria was that combination of severe urinary tract infection, severe hydronephrosis, urinary malformation, severe hypertension, history of cerebrovascular disease, vital organ dysfunction, obesity (BMI>35 kg/m²), history of ureteral calculi exceeded 2 months, abnormal blood coagulation. Patients were randomized into observation group and control group using random number table method. The observation group and the control group were placed on the physical vibration stone arranging machine with head low foot high position and head high foot low position respectively. The inclination angle was 24°. The secondary vibrator vibrated for 6 minutes, then the patient took the prone position and opened the main, the secondary vibrator. The treatment is completed after 6 minutes of vibration. The analgesic effect, stone removal, follow-up effects and adverse reactions in the two groups was compared. We defined the pain relief rate as(VAS score before treatment-VAS score after treatment)/VAS score before treatment×100%. Results: A total of 100 patients were included in the study, 50 in the observation group and 50 in the control group. There were no statistical difference in the age of the two groups [(41.8±11.7)years and (46.6±13.9 years)], gender distribution [37(male)/13(female) and 42(male)/ 8(female)], location of stones (in the observation group, 19 cases in upper ureter, 7 cases in the middle ureter and 24 cases in the lower ureter; in the control group, 12 cases in the upper ureter, 3 cases in the middle ureter, and 35 in the lower ureter), left and right distribution of stones [21(right)/ 29 (left) and 22 (right)/ 28(left)], long diameter of stones [(5.2±0.9)mm and(5.1±1.1)mm], VAS scores before treatment (7.5±1.4 and 7.6±1.5), and readmission rate [22%(11/50)With 18%(9/50)], 1 week stone removal rate [70%(35/50) and 64%(32/50)]. The incidence of adverse reactions was 8%(4/50) in the observation group including 3 cases of nausea, 1 case of vomiting. The incidence of adverse reactions was 4% in the control group (2/50), which 2 cases showed nausea. The number of patients who chose EPVL, ESWL or surgery for the subsequent treatment in observation group was 35 cases, 9 cases, and 6 cases respectively. The number of patients who chose EPVL, ESWL or surgery for the subsequent treatment in the control group was 35 cases, 10 cases and 5 cases respectively. There was no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05). The VAS score after treatment of the observation group was lower than that of the control group (2.4±1.3 and 3.7±1.5, P<0.01). The total effective rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group [94%(47/50) and 76%(38/50), P<0.01]. 46 patients underwent urinary ultrasonography to check the degree of hydronephrosis. The reduction rate of hydronephrosis was higher in the observation group than in the control group [54.5%(18/33) and 30.8%(4/13)], but there was no significant difference between the two groups (P=0.146). In the upper ureteral calculi, the VAS score of the observation group was lower than that of the control group (2.4±0.3 and 3.9±0.4, P<0.01). There was no significant difference in the total effective rate between the two groups. In the lower ureteral calculi, the observation group had low VAS score after treatment. In the control group (2.4±0.2 and 3.5±0.2, P<0.01), there was no significant difference in the total effective rate between the two groups; the middle segment stones were less included (10 in total) and were not discussed. Conclusions The external physical vibration lithecbole adopts " head high and low position" has better effect than "head low foot high position" in treatment of ureteral calculi with renal colic, and security is acceptable.

Objective ToexploretheMRIperformanceofpapillarythyroidcarcinomawithhobnailfeatures(HPTC)andthedifferential diagnosisfromclassicpapillarythyroidcarcinoma(CPTC).Methods Dataof93patientswithconfirmedPTCandMRIexamination oneweekbeforesurgerywereretrospectivelycollected.Thedifferencesoftheage,sex,tumorsize,ADCvaluesand MRIfeaturesof HPTCandCPTCweredetermined.Results 10HPTCand78CPTCwereincludedinthisstudy.ThefrequencyofT2WIsignificantly highsignal,segmentationlinearlowsignal,lacesignandgyrus-likestructureofHPTCwassignificantlyhigherthanthatofCPTC (P=0.000).ComparedtoCPTC,HPTCshowedmoreirregularshape(P=0.005),largervolume(P=0.025),moremixedT2WI andDWIsignals(P=0.002,0.028,respectively),higherADCvalues(P=0.019),anddelayedmass-likeenhancement(P=0.041). Conclusion HPTClesionshavelargervolume,irregularshape,mixedT2WIsignals,mixedDWIsignalsandhigherADCvalues. Significantlyhighsignal,segmentationlinearlowsignal,lacesignandgyrus-likestructurearecommonlyobservedonT2WI.Delayed mass-likeenhancementpatternismorecommon.ThesecharacteristicscouldcontributetothediagnosisofHPTC.

Pyroptosis is a form of new programmed cell death which is dependent on Caspase-1 in recent years.When it' s stimulated by various dangerous signals from hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury,the intracellular pattern recognition receptors are assembled into inflammasomes and Caspase-1 which was transformed into active form.Activated Caspase-1 promotes the maturation and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18,initiates the innate immunity rapidly and then induces severe inflammatory reaction.In addition,Caspase-1 can also cleave Gasdermin D and release its N-terminal domain triggering pyroptosis.Many studies showed that pyroptosis play a crucial role in hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury.In this review,we discussed the activation mechanism and research progress of pyroptosis in hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Objective Cisplatin(DDP)is widely used in the chemotherapy of lung cancer. However, cisplatin resistance represents a major obstacle in its effective treatment. Our preliminary work has demonstrated that inactivated Sendai virus(HVJ-E)shows that it induces apoptosis in murine melanoma cells(B16)and obviously inhibites the tumor growth in tumor-bearing BALB/c nude mice. This study aims to investigate whether inactivated HVJ-E has an effect of inducing apoptosis in cisplatin-resistant A549/DDP lung adenocarcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo. Methods HVJ-E and A549/DDP cells were co-cultured in vitro,and the effect of HVJ-E on the apoptosis in A549/DDP cells was detected by flow cytometry. In addition,HVJ-E was injected into the tumor in vivo, and its oncolytic effect was observed by TUNEL assay of tissue sections and measurement of tumor size. Results After co-cultured with HVJ-E for 12 h,24 h and 36 h, the apoptosis rate of A549/DDP cells in late stage detected by flow cytometry was 7.7%, 12.6% and 18.9%,respectively,showing a significant difference between 12 h and 24 h, and between 24 h and 36 h. TUNEL assay showed that there was more apoptosis in tumor cells in vivo in the experimental group than in the control group. Meanwhile, intratumoral injection of HVJ-E induced a significantly smaller tumor volume in the experimental group compared with the control group(P ﹤ 0.05). Conclusions Our findings indicate that inactivated HVJ-E can induce apoptosis in A549/DDP cells both in vitro and in vivo, and intratumoral injection of inactivated Sendai virus significantly reduces the tumor growth in vivo.

Objective To investigate the effect of atorvastatin on blood lipid and carotid atherosclerosis in patients with hyperlipidemia and cerebral infarction.Methods 98 patients with hyperlipidemia and cerebral in-farction in our hospital from September 2014 to February 2017 were selected and divided into observation group(49 cases)and control group(49 cases)according to the random number table method.The control group was treated with conventional treatment,the observation group was treated with atorvastatin on the ba-sis of the control group.The two groups were treated for 4 weeks.The ADL score,NIHSS score,blood lipid index,carotid IM T and carotid plaque area were compared between the two groups before and after treatment. Results ADL score of the patients in the observation group after treatment higher was than the control group (t=12.7783,P<0.05),NIHSS score was lower than the control group(t=10.941,P<0.05);LDL-C,TC and TG levels after treatment in the observation group were than in the control group(t= 17.239,9.216, 9.800,P<0.05),while the HDL-C level was higher than the control group(t=7.683.P<0.05);the patients in the observation group were treated by carotid artery IM T and carotid plaque area was higher than that of the control group(t=8.919,6.344,P<0.05).Conclusion Atorvastatin can improve hyperlipidemia in pa-tients with cerebral infarction and carotid atherosclerosis,dyslipidemia,has the important research signifi-cance.

Objective To investigate osteogenic effect of collagen/bioglass composites loaded with a small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting noggin. Methods The collagen/bioglass composites loaded with the negative control siRNA or noggin siRNA were prepared by freeze-drying method. CCK8 test was used to evaluate the proliferation of MC3T3 cells exposed to the aqueous extracts of collagen/bioglass composites and the siRNA-loaded collagen/bioglass composites. ALP activity assay, quantitative real-time PCR and Alizarin Red staining were used to assess the effect of the 3 composites on mineralization in MC3T3 cells. Results MC3T3 cells cultured for 3 and 5 days in the presence of the extracts of the 3 composites all showed significantly more active proliferation than the blank control cells (P<0.05). Compared with the cells seeded on the scaffold without siRNA, MC3T3 cells seeded on collagen/bioglass scaffold loaded with noggin siRNA showed a significantly higher ALP activity at 14 days after seeding (P<0.05) with significantly increased expression of ALP, Runx2 and BSP mRNAs (P<0.05). Alizarin Red staining showed that the cells seeded on the noggin siRNA-loading collagen/bioglass scaffold contained significantly more mineralized nodules than the other cells (P<0.05). Conclusion The collagen/bioglass composites loaded with noggin siRNA have a good biocompatibility, and the collagen/bioglass composites and noggin siRNA show a synergistic effect in promoting osteogenesis.

Objective To investigate osteogenic effect of collagen/bioglass composites loaded with a small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting noggin. Methods The collagen/bioglass composites loaded with the negative control siRNA or noggin siRNA were prepared by freeze-drying method. CCK8 test was used to evaluate the proliferation of MC3T3 cells exposed to the aqueous extracts of collagen/bioglass composites and the siRNA-loaded collagen/bioglass composites. ALP activity assay, quantitative real-time PCR and Alizarin Red staining were used to assess the effect of the 3 composites on mineralization in MC3T3 cells. Results MC3T3 cells cultured for 3 and 5 days in the presence of the extracts of the 3 composites all showed significantly more active proliferation than the blank control cells (P<0.05). Compared with the cells seeded on the scaffold without siRNA, MC3T3 cells seeded on collagen/bioglass scaffold loaded with noggin siRNA showed a significantly higher ALP activity at 14 days after seeding (P<0.05) with significantly increased expression of ALP, Runx2 and BSP mRNAs (P<0.05). Alizarin Red staining showed that the cells seeded on the noggin siRNA-loading collagen/bioglass scaffold contained significantly more mineralized nodules than the other cells (P<0.05). Conclusion The collagen/bioglass composites loaded with noggin siRNA have a good biocompatibility, and the collagen/bioglass composites and noggin siRNA show a synergistic effect in promoting osteogenesis.

BACKGROUND:Many studies reported the relationship of the mechanical properties and water content about bone tissue, which is one of organizations containing the lowest water content on human body. Researches on effect of water on biological tribology behavior of bone tissue have been rarely reported and are the experimental study generally. OBJECTIVE:To explore the influence and the damage mechanism of water on biological tribology behavior of bone tissue, by comparing multiscale numerical model established with the experiment. METHODS:Dehydration of the bone tissue was studied by nanoindentation test and both reciprocating sliding and impact wear tests. A multi-scale finite element model was constructed under a flat-on-ball configuration. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The viscoelasticity and the tribological properties of bone tissue significantly decreased as well as the different wear mechanisms under applied loading after drying. The analytical results indicated that there were high stress condition, which incurred the micro-crack initiation and the appearance of peeling and wear, around the Haversian canal, circumferential lamellas and the interstitial tissues. Meso-scale:dehydration weakened the function of absorption and interruption of stress, which facilitated crack extension in pore. Micro-scale:the high stress gradient of structure of canaliculi and lacunae is an important cause of tissue damage.

OBJECTIVETo observe the clinical effects on analgesia, tranquilization and prevention of abortion syndrome of artificial abortion operation treated with transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) with different acupoint combination and explore the optimal acupoint combination of TEAS in artificial abortion operation.

METHODSTwo hundred patients intended to artificial operation were randomized into No.1 group[Sanyinjiao (SP 6) + Zusanli (ST 36)], No.2 group[Sanyinjiao (SP 6) + Diji (SP 8)], No.3 group[Sanyinjiao (SP 6) + Taichong (LR 3)], No.4 group (cervical blockage anesthesia with lidocaine) and No.5 group (blank group, without any analgesia measure applied), 40 cases in each one. In the No.1, No.2 and No.3 groups, Sanyinjiao (SP 6) was the main acupoint, combined with Zusanli (ST 36), Dijin (SP 8) and Taichong (LR 3) respectively. TEAS was given 30 min before the operation till the end of operation. Mean arterial pressure, heart rate and oxygen saturation during operation, as well as bleeding amount were observed in the five groups. The visual analogue scale (VAS) score was observed during and 30 min after operation, and Ramsay score was observed during operation. Cervical relaxation degree and the incidence of artificial abortion syndrome were recorded.

RESULTSFor VAS score during and 30 min after operation and Ramsay score during operation, the differences were significant statistically in the No. 1, No.2, No.3 and No.4 groups as compared with the No.5 group (<0.01,<0.05). The results in the No.2 group were better than those in the No.1, No.3 and No.4 groups (all<0.05). For cervical relaxationdegree, the result in the No.2 group was better than that in each of the rest groups (<0.01,<0.05). For artificial abortion syndrome, the incidences in the No.2 and No.3 groups were lower than those in the No.4 and No.5 groups (all<0.05). For bleeding amount and hemodynamic changes, the differences were not significant statistically among the five groups (all>0.05).

CONCLUSIONSTEAS apparently reduces pain score during and 30 min after artificial abortion operation and achieves the satisfactory tranguilization effects. The combination of Sanyinjiao (SP 6) and Diji (SP 8) achieves the optimal effect of analgesia, tranquilization, dilating cervix and preventing from artificial abortion syndrome in the operation.

Objective To build the lentiviral vectors of pigment epithelial derived factor (PEDF) gene,and investigate their expression in human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs).Methods The PEDF lentiviral vectors (LV-PEDF) were built by DNA recombination and confirmed by DNA sequencing.hUCMSCs were transfected by LV-PEDF with MOI 10,30,50,respectively.The transfection efficiency was observed under fluorescence microscope.Cell immunofluorescence,immunocytochemistry and real-time PCR methods were used for detecting the expression of PEDF and VEGF.Results The PEDF cDNA was sub-cloned into pCDH-CMV-MCS-EF 1-copGFP vector successfully.DNA sequencing analysis confirmed that PEDF gene sequence was exactly the same with that reported in GenBank.pCDH-PEDF infected cells could show green fluorescence under fluorescence microscope.The transfection efficiency was 72.1％ in PEDF-MSCs.Immunofluorescence and immunochemical staining confirmed that PEDF protein was overexpressed in hUCMSCs.The relative expression of PEDF mRNA in experimental group and control group was (0.170±0.028) and (0.015 ± 0.007) respectively by RT-PCR,the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.00 1).The relative expression levels of VEGF mRNA in the two groups were (0.265 ± 0.022) and (0.285 ± 0.049),respectively,with no significant difference (P＞0.05).Conclusions We successfully built a lentivius vector carrying PEDF gene and obtained hUCMSCs with overexpressed PEDF.