OBJECTIVETo evaluate the therapeutic effect of three-dimensional digital orthopedic techniques in treatment of acetabular fractures.

METHODSWe retrospectively analyzed 50 cases of acetabular fracture treated between March, 2007 and December, 2013. The lamellar CT scanning data were imported into Mimics software, and 3D anatomical models of the pelvic and proximal femur were reconstructed. Computer-assisted analysis was carried out to understand the condition of fractures and simulate fracture reduction. The pelvic models were manufactured by rapid prototyping technique for definite diagnosis and typing of acetabular fractures and subsequent surgical treatment.

RESULTSThree-dimensional reconstruction images and rapid prototyping pelvic models faithfully represented the findings in operations. Preoperative simulation of the operation shortened the time of operation and reduced the volume of bleeding in the operation. All the patients were followed up for 6 to 24 months. According to Matta imaging score, anatomical reduction was achieved in 41 cases and satisfactory reduction in 9 cases. According to the Harris functional criteria, 32 patients had excellent, 12 had good and 6 had acceptable outcomes with a rate of excellent and good outcomes of 88%.

CONCLUSIONThree-dimensional digital orthopedic techniques allow accurate display of the acetabulum and the spatial relation of the anatomic structures to assist in fracture diagnosis, typing and treatment.

Acetabulum ; pathology ; Femur ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Fractures, Bone ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Models, Anatomic ; Orthopedics ; methods ; Retrospective Studies ; Software ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

OBJECTIVETo analyze the factors affecting pathologic complete response (pCR) to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in breast cancer patients.

METHODSA retrospective cohort study was carried out to analyze the clinical data of 141 breast cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The factors affecting pCR and the changes of tumor receptor status before and after treatment were analyzed.

RESULTSAmong all the 141 patients, 21 patients (14.9%) achieved pCR. The rate of pCR achieved by regimens of anthracycline combined with taxane was higher (16.8%, 19/113) than that by anthracycline-containing regimens (7.1%, 1/14). The dose intensity of anthracycline had a significant correlation with pCR rate (P < 0.05). The pCR rate in the relative dose intensity of taxane ≥ 0.85 arm was higher than that of < 0.85 arm (P = 0.02). Eighty patients (56.7%) had completed more than 4 cycles of chemotherapy and the median time to achieve pCR was 6 (3 to 10) cycles. The pCR rate had a significant difference between patients < 6 and ≥ 6 cycles (7.1% vs. 22.5%,P = 0.01). Multivariate analysis showed that tumor size measured by palpation ≤ 5 cm and ≥ 6 chemotherapy cycles were significantly related with pCR rate (P < 0.05). In all the 21 pCR patients, the pre-treatment ER(-), PR(-), HER-2(-) statuses were in 14, 14 and 17 patients, respectively. The status of ER, PR, HER-2 of most patients (74.2%, 69.7% and 87.7%, respectively) was not changed after treatment. Among the patients with changes in receptor status, ER changed from negative to positive was in the majority (37.1%, 13/35 vs. 12.9%, 4/31, P < 0.05), and the percentage of changes in PR and HER-2 status had no significant differences.

CONCLUSIONSThe regimens of anthracycline combined with taxane can achieve a higher pCR rate. The lymph node and receptor status before therapy have no significant correlation with pCR. Patients who have primary tumor size ≤ 5 cm, ≥ 6 chemotherapy cycles and enough dose intensity are easier to achieve pCR. The receptor status before and after therapy should be determined, and according to any positive results, physicians can chose HER-2 targeted therapy and/or endocrine therapy after surgery to benefit the patients.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Anthracyclines ; administration & dosage ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Breast Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Bridged-Ring Compounds ; administration & dosage ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Middle Aged ; Neoadjuvant Therapy ; methods ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Receptor, ErbB-2 ; metabolism ; Receptors, Estrogen ; metabolism ; Receptors, Progesterone ; metabolism ; Remission Induction ; Retrospective Studies ; Taxoids ; administration & dosage ; Tumor Burden

Adenosine Triphosphatases ; genetics ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Cholestasis, Intrahepatic ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Chronic Disease ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Young Adult

A 55-year-old female patient received an Ⅳ infusion of docetaxel 140 mg for lymph nodes,bones,and liver metastases after operation of breast cancer.In the morning of day 6 after chemotherapy,she developed a lot of fresh blood in her stool.Her heart rate was 120 beats/min.Her routine blood tests showed the following levels:white blood cell count 0.9 × 109/L,hemoglobin 103 g/L,platelet count 62 × 109/L.She received an Ⅳ injection of hemocoagulase 2 U and an Ⅳ infusion of aminomethylbenzoic acid 0.2 g immediately.In the noon of the same day,a lot of fresh blood appeared in the patient's stool again and she felt palpitation and fatigue.Routine blood tests showed a white blood cell count of0.5 × 109/L,a hemoglobin level of 75 g/L,and a platelet count of 52 × 109/L.She received enema with Yunnanbaiyao (云南白药) 1 g + lyophilized thrombin powder 4000 U + iced saline 100 ml every 2 h; continuous Ⅳ infusion of somatostatin 3 mg for 12 h; transfusion of suspended red blood cells 2 U and apheresis platelets 1 U.The electron colonoscopy scanning showed multiple rectal ulcers with one site of bleeding.Then endoscopic hemostasis was performed,and no bleeding recurred.

A 55-year-old female patient received an Ⅳ infusion of docetaxel 140 mg for lymph nodes,bones,and liver metastases after operation of breast cancer.In the morning of day 6 after chemotherapy,she developed a lot of fresh blood in her stool.Her heart rate was 120 beats/min.Her routine blood tests showed the following levels:white blood cell count 0.9 × 109/L,hemoglobin 103 g/L,platelet count 62 × 109/L.She received an Ⅳ injection of hemocoagulase 2 U and an Ⅳ infusion of aminomethylbenzoic acid 0.2 g immediately.In the noon of the same day,a lot of fresh blood appeared in the patient's stool again and she felt palpitation and fatigue.Routine blood tests showed a white blood cell count of0.5 × 109/L,a hemoglobin level of 75 g/L,and a platelet count of 52 × 109/L.She received enema with Yunnanbaiyao (云南白药) 1 g + lyophilized thrombin powder 4000 U + iced saline 100 ml every 2 h; continuous Ⅳ infusion of somatostatin 3 mg for 12 h; transfusion of suspended red blood cells 2 U and apheresis platelets 1 U.The electron colonoscopy scanning showed multiple rectal ulcers with one site of bleeding.Then endoscopic hemostasis was performed,and no bleeding recurred.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the correlation of clinical effects and reasonable doses of docetaxel salvage therapy for patients with metastatic breast cancer.

METHODSWe reviewed retrospectively the clinical records of patients with metastatic breast cancer treated with docetaxel and statistically analyzed the correlation between clinical effects and reasonable doses of docetaxel.

RESULTSThe objective response rate and clinical benefit rate of docetaxol in patients with metastatic breast cancer were 27.0% and 35.0%, respectively, and the median progression free survival (PFS) was 5.0 (3.8 - 6.3) months. In the analysis at a single dose level, the clinical benefit rate and PFS of the ≥ 90.0 mg/m(2) docetaxel group were superior to that of the < 90.0 mg/m(2) group (P = 0.008, P = 0.045). Multi-dose level group stratified analysis showed that the docetaxel < 75.0 mg/m(2) group was better than the 75.0 - 84.9 mg/m(2) PFS group (P = 0.018), and the ≥ 95.0 mg/m(2) group was better than the 75.0 - 84.9 mg/m(2) group (P = 0.048). In patients who received >third line treatment or previously received paclitaxel adjuvant therapy, the PFS of the ≥ 94.9 mg/m(2) docetaxel group was 6.0 months, better than the 3.0 months of the 75.0 ∼ 84.9 mg/m(2) group (P = 0.031; P = 0.021).

CONCLUSIONThere is a clear correlation between clinical effects and reasonable doses of docetaxel salvage therapy in patients with metastatic breast cancer.

Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Agents ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Bone Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; secondary ; Breast Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Disease-Free Survival ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug Administration Schedule ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; secondary ; Lung Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; secondary ; Middle Aged ; Remission Induction ; Retrospective Studies ; Salvage Therapy ; Taxoids ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Young Adult

Cancer cell vaccine-based immunotherapy has received increasing interest in many clinical trials involving patients with breast cancer. Combining with appropriate adjuvants can enhance the weak immunogenic properties of tumor cell lysates (TCL). In this study, diphtheria toxin (DT) and two tandem repeats of mycobacterial heat shock protein 70 (mHSP70) fragment 407-426 (M2) were conjugated to TCL with glutaraldehyde, and the constructed cancer cell vaccine was named DT-TCL-M2. Subcutaneous injection of DT-TCL-M2 in mice effectively elicited tumor-specific polyclonal immune responses, including humoral and cellular immune responses. High levels of antibodies against TCL were detected in the serum of immunized mice with ELISA and verified with Western blot analyses. The splenocytes from immunized mice showed potent cytotoxicity on Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells. Moreover, the protective antitumor immunity induced by DT-TCL-M2 inhibited tumor growth in a mouse breast tumor model. DT-TCL-M2 also attenuated tumor-induced angiogenesis and slowed tumor growth in a mouse intradermal tumor model. These findings demonstrate that TCL conjugated with appropriate adjuvants induced effective antitumor immunity in vivo. Improvements in potency could further make cancer cell vaccines a useful and safe method for preventing cancer recurrence after resection.
Adjuvants, Immunologic ; Animals ; Bacterial Proteins ; genetics ; immunology ; Cancer Vaccines ; immunology ; Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor ; immunology ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Diphtheria Toxin ; genetics ; immunology ; Female ; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins ; genetics ; immunology ; Immunoglobulin G ; immunology ; Immunotherapy ; Mice ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; Peptide Fragments ; genetics ; immunology ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; genetics ; immunology ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic ; immunology ; Tandem Repeat Sequences

OBJECTIVETo evaluate retrospectively the efficacy and toxicity of capecitabine-based chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced breast cancer.

METHODSThree hundred and seventy-six patients with advanced breast cancer were treated with capecitabine-based chemotherapy regimens in our department from Sep 2002 to Sep 2009. They were divided into 3 groups. The group 1 was treated with capecitabine 1000 mg/m(2) orally twice daily on d1-d14, repeated every 3 weeks. The group 2 was treated with capecitabine as group 1, and combined with docetaxel 60 - 75 mg/m(2) intravenous infusion on d1, repeated every 3 weeks. The group 3 was treated with capecitabine as group 1, and combined with vinorelbine 25 mg/m(2) intravenous infusion on d1 and d8, repeated every 3 weeks. The median treatment period of treatment was 3 cycles.

RESULTSAmong the 376 patients, 218 patients were evaluable for response. In the group 1 the objective response rate (ORR) was 12.8% and the clinical benefit rate (CBR) was 21.6%. The CBR but not ORR of first line therapy with capecitabine was 35.2%, significantly higher than that of more than first line therapy (17.1%, P < 0.01). The ORRs for group 2 and group 3 were 53.8% and 36.4%, respectively. In the group 2 there was no significant difference in the ORR between the first line therapy and more than first line therapy. In the group 3 the ORR of first line therapy of NX regimen was 36.4%, significantly higher than that of more than first line therapy (16.7%, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSThe capecitabine-based chemotherapy is effective and tolerable, and can be used not only in first line but also more than first line therapy. The single agent maintenance chemotherapy after response to combined chemotherapy can prolonge the duration of treatment for patients with metastatic breast cancer.

Adult ; Agranulocytosis ; chemically induced ; Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Breast Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Capecitabine ; Deoxycytidine ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Diarrhea ; chemically induced ; Disease Progression ; Disease-Free Survival ; Female ; Fluorouracil ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hand-Foot Syndrome ; etiology ; Humans ; Leukopenia ; chemically induced ; Maintenance Chemotherapy ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Remission Induction ; Retrospective Studies ; Taxoids ; administration & dosage ; Vinblastine ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives