Over the past decade, pathology technology in China has undergone rapid development. Through continuous efforts to strengthen normative foundations and quality control, the three-tiered quality control network (national, provincial, and municipal) has been consolidated. These efforts have effectively driven the homogenization of pathology technical quality nationwide. Concurrently, the standardization of laboratory quality management systems and the advancement of automated pathological equipment have laid a solid foundation for the evolution of pathological diagnosis. Breakthroughs in cutting-edge technologies, including digital pathology, artificial intelligence, and molecular pathology, are further catalyzing a paradigm shift from traditional morphological analysis toward next-generation diagnostic pathology. Marking the 70th anniversary of this journal, the field's evolution over the past decade and chart its future course were reviwed systematically, aiming to provide an insightful roadmap for the ongoing progress of the discipline.

Over the past decade, pathology technology in China has undergone rapid development. Through continuous efforts to strengthen normative foundations and quality control, the three-tiered quality control network (national, provincial, and municipal) has been consolidated. These efforts have effectively driven the homogenization of pathology technical quality nationwide. Concurrently, the standardization of laboratory quality management systems and the advancement of automated pathological equipment have laid a solid foundation for the evolution of pathological diagnosis. Breakthroughs in cutting-edge technologies, including digital pathology, artificial intelligence, and molecular pathology, are further catalyzing a paradigm shift from traditional morphological analysis toward next-generation diagnostic pathology. Marking the 70th anniversary of this journal, the field's evolution over the past decade and chart its future course were reviwed systematically, aiming to provide an insightful roadmap for the ongoing progress of the discipline.

ObjectiveTo observe the expression of nephrin in hepatitis B virus-associated membranous nephropathy (HBV-MN),and investigate the impairment and significance of podocyte in HBV-MN.MethodsThe protein expression of nephrin in renal biopsy specimens in 35 patients,who were diagnosed as HBV-MN by renal biopsy,was determined by immunohistochemistry and tested by semiquantitative method.The relationship between the expression of nephrin and clinicopathological data was analyzed.Results Among the 35 cases with HBV-MN,6 were in MN phase Ⅰ,20 in MN phase Ⅱ and 9 in MN phase Ⅲ.A strong intensity expression of nephrin in normal glomerulus was found along capillary loop of glomerulus,while its expression in HBV-MN patients decreased obviously.There was no significantly difference in the expression of nephrin among the different stages of HBV-MN ( P ＞ 0.05 ).The expression of nephrin in different clinical types was significantly different ( P ＜ 0.05 ).The expression of nephrin in patients with nephrotic syndrome was significantly lower than that in patients without nephrotic syndrome (P ＜0.01 ).The expression of nephrin in different grades of 24-hour urinary protein excretion quantity was significantly different( P ＜ 0.05 ).There was negative correlation between the expression of nephrin and 24-hour urinary protein excretion quantity(r = -0.378,P ＜ 0.05).In the patients with HBV-MN phase Ⅱ,the expression of nephrin in patients with nephrotic syndrome was also significantly lower than that in patients without nephrotic syndrome( P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusions The damage of podocytes emerge in the early stage of HBV-MN and the expression of nephrin in HBV-MN patients,especially in patients with nephrotic syndrome,are significantly down regulated.The descended expression of nephrin in HBV-MN patients may promote the production of proteinuria.