With the further development and long-term follow-up of endovascular treatment for aortic diseases, increasing evidence shows that in many cases, there are difficulties in the diagnosis of causes, decision-making of treatment timing, and lack of effective evaluation of treatment prognosis in endovascular treatments. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct in-depth research on non-invasive treatment including prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and prediction of aortic diseases. The non-invasive treatment of aortic disease is mainly applied to high-risk populations with aortic dissection, regulating key targets and mechanisms, and adopting drug intervention in advance to achieve the goal of controlling aortic dilation and preventing the occurrence of dissection. It also conducts precise multi omics analysis to determine the optimal intervention timing and treatment strategy, and aims at complications related to aortic disease or endovascular treatment for patients with a positive family history of aortic dilation and those who have developed aortic dissection. Precise regulation can control the progression of aortic aneurysm and aortic dissection, delay or achieve long-term stable coexistence with aortic disease, and even reverse disease progression and achieve benign aortic remodeling through new intervention vectors. Ultimately achieving the ideal state of complete thrombosis and mechanized healing of the aortic aneurysm or aortic dissection false lumen.

Objective Endophytic fungi were isolated and purified from fresh Glycyrrhiza glabra L.and strains capable of producing secondary metabolites with inhibitory effects on adenosine deaminase,β-lactamase,xanthine oxidase,and tyrosinase were screened.Methods Four types of culture media were used to isolate and purify endophytic fungi using tissue homogenization method.Subsequently,the secondary metabolites of endophytic fungi were evaluated using an activity assessment platform.Results A total of 131 strains of endophytic fungi were isolated from the plant,among which 34 strains exhibited distinct morphologies and special characteristics.The mycelial extract of hypha G(1-5)(s)showed good adenosine deaminase inhibitory activity(inhibition rate:98.58％)and β-lactamase inhibitory activity(inhibition rate:93.15％).and β-lactamase(inhibition rate:93.15％).Strain G6 exhibited excellent xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity(inhibition rate:91.38％)in the ethyl acetate phase.These strains were identified as Penicillium sp.and Aspergillus sp.Conclusion Glycyrrhiza glabra L.harbors a diverse range of endophytic fungi with promising research potential.Further investigation is warranted to provide important technical data for the protection and in-depth applications of Glycyrrhiza glabra L..

With the further development and long-term follow-up of endovascular treatment for aortic diseases, increasing evidence shows that in many cases, there are difficulties in the diagnosis of causes, decision-making of treatment timing, and lack of effective evaluation of treatment prognosis in endovascular treatments. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct in-depth research on non-invasive treatment including prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and prediction of aortic diseases. The non-invasive treatment of aortic disease is mainly applied to high-risk populations with aortic dissection, regulating key targets and mechanisms, and adopting drug intervention in advance to achieve the goal of controlling aortic dilation and preventing the occurrence of dissection. It also conducts precise multi omics analysis to determine the optimal intervention timing and treatment strategy, and aims at complications related to aortic disease or endovascular treatment for patients with a positive family history of aortic dilation and those who have developed aortic dissection. Precise regulation can control the progression of aortic aneurysm and aortic dissection, delay or achieve long-term stable coexistence with aortic disease, and even reverse disease progression and achieve benign aortic remodeling through new intervention vectors. Ultimately achieving the ideal state of complete thrombosis and mechanized healing of the aortic aneurysm or aortic dissection false lumen.

Objective Endophytic fungi were isolated and purified from fresh Glycyrrhiza glabra L.and strains capable of producing secondary metabolites with inhibitory effects on adenosine deaminase,β-lactamase,xanthine oxidase,and tyrosinase were screened.Methods Four types of culture media were used to isolate and purify endophytic fungi using tissue homogenization method.Subsequently,the secondary metabolites of endophytic fungi were evaluated using an activity assessment platform.Results A total of 131 strains of endophytic fungi were isolated from the plant,among which 34 strains exhibited distinct morphologies and special characteristics.The mycelial extract of hypha G(1-5)(s)showed good adenosine deaminase inhibitory activity(inhibition rate:98.58％)and β-lactamase inhibitory activity(inhibition rate:93.15％).and β-lactamase(inhibition rate:93.15％).Strain G6 exhibited excellent xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity(inhibition rate:91.38％)in the ethyl acetate phase.These strains were identified as Penicillium sp.and Aspergillus sp.Conclusion Glycyrrhiza glabra L.harbors a diverse range of endophytic fungi with promising research potential.Further investigation is warranted to provide important technical data for the protection and in-depth applications of Glycyrrhiza glabra L..

Objective To investigate the diagnosis,preoperative examination and surgical treatment of carotid body tumor(CBT).Methods From December 2008 to December 2012 80 patients of carotid body tumor were treated in our center.The average age was(43:±:12)years,33 cases were male,47 cases were female.The lesions were unilateral in 68 cases and bilateral in 12.All tumors were surgically resected.In 26 of Shamblin Ⅰ,32 of Shamblin Ⅱ and 19 of Shamblin Ⅲ tumors were simply resected.One Shamblin Ⅱ and 2 Shamblin Ⅲ cases underwent tumor resection combined with external carotid embolization.3 Shamblin Ⅱ and 8 Shamblin Ⅲ cases were treated by tumor resection combined with internal carotid reconstruction,1 Shamblin Ⅲ was done with tumor resection combined internal carotid repair.Results All of 80 patients with 92 tumors were successfully resected.There was no death case during peroperative period,while one case developed hemiplegia and 14 cases suffered cranial nerve injuries.68 cases (85％) were followed-up from 1 year to 6 years.Thera were 14 patients with cranial nerve injuries,2 of them were lost to follow-up,11 with complete or partial recovery and 1 was still doing poorly.Conclusions Tumor size and its relation to the carotid artery form the basis upon which appropriate operation is adopted.

Long noncoding RNA(IncRNA) represents a class of ＞200bp RNA genes that has no ability to code proteins.It was considered that IncRNA is "junk RNA" which have no function over the last couple of decades.However,an increasing number of studies have found that lncRNA play distinct biologic functions by particular mechanisms.Because the incidence rate and mortality rate of atherosclerosis is very high,people always pay a lot of attention on it.But lncRNA studies in atherosclerosis are just beginning.lncRNA may be a key target in the progression of atherosclerosis and may become a novel therapeutic target to prevent,diagnose and treat this disease.

Aortic dissection is a dangerous and critical disease with extremely high mortality and disability rate.In clinical practice,aortic dissection should be highly suspected when patients developed dying-like severe chest and back pain.CT and MRI have been the reliable tools for diagnosing aortic dissection.In recent years,endovascular therapy has become the preferred treatment for Stanford type B aortic dissection,and some patients with Stanford type A dissection who cannot receive open surgery may also be treated with endovascular therapy.In order to improve endovascular treatment,to develop new instruments and to study the pathogenesis of aortic dissection,the preparation of stable and reliable animal models is very necessary.This paper aims to make a brief review about the research status concerning the preparation of animal models of aortic dissection.

Objective To investigate the clinical features,essentials of diagnosis,selection of endovascular treatment and prognosis of aorto-esophageal fistula(AEF).To improve the understanding of the disease.Methods 3 patients with AEF from October 2010 to July 2016 in Changhai Hospital,including clinical symptoms and signs,endovascular treatment process and follow-up results,and review the relevant literature.Results Two of the 3 patients are men,and another is a woman.Aged 64-70 years.The causes of AEF are chest trauma,thoracic aorta pseudoaneurysms and foreign body ingestion,respectively.All the 3 patients had chest pain,hematemesis,and fever.Two of them showed sentinel hemorrhage and another showed a sudden massive hematemesis.Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy or computed tomographic angiography (CTA) confirmed the diagnosis in all patients.They all underwent thoracic endovascular aortic repair(TEVAR).The effect was good in acute phase.It didn't have any significant short-term complications.Re-bleeding time was 35 days to 85 days.Two patients died of recurrent severe hemorrhage post operation,and one of them had received TEVAR again but not it was ineffective.Another died of multiple organ failure after open surgery.Conclusion Since it showed the short-term effect but not the long-term effect,TEVAR can only be applied as a temporary remedy to the patients in poor conditions and be substituted by the open surgery when the patients were in better conditions.

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effect of catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT) for the treatment of acute deep venous thrombosis (DVT) of the lower extremity.Methods Clinical data of 195 patients of acute DVT treated by CDT and adjunctive angioplasty and stenting from August 2010 to February 2014 were analyzed retrospectively.CDT by antegrade puncture of popliteal vein,CDT by great saphenous vein and CDT by retrograde puncture of contralateral femoral vein were used in these cases.Venous recanalization was graded by a thrombus score based on pre-and post-treatment venography.Results Technique success rate,clinical success rate,in popliteal vein group,great saphenous vein group and contralateral femoral vein group were 94.6％,72.2％ and 90.3％,97.3％,83.3％,and 90.0％.Patent rate of deep venous,patent rate of stenting and mild post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) rate were 88.6％,66.7％ and 75.0％,83.3％,57.1％ and 88.9％,8.3％,26.7％ and 20.8％.Conclusion CDT by antegrade puncture of popliteal vein group combined with adjunctive angioplasty and stenting is safe and effective with higher clinical success rate and better long term results than other approaches for the treatment of DVT patients.

Objective To summary the experience of AngioJet mechanical thrombectomy for the treatment of acute deep venous thrombosis (DVT) of lower extremity.Methods Clinical data of 28 patients suffering from acute DVT of lower extremities treated by AngioJet mechanical thrombectomy were analyzed retrospectively from October 2013 to February 2015.Venous recanalization was graded by a thrombus score based on pre-and post-treatment venography.Follow-up was performed by Doppler ultrasound and clinical evaluation.Results Twelve patients were planted temporary vena cava filters.The average length of hospitalization was (3.9 ± 1.1) days.The average operation time was (1.2 ± 0.4) hours.The dosage of urokinase was (320 ± 120) × 104 U and heparin was (46 ± 10)mg during surgery.The average reduction of hemoglobin was (7.5 ± 2.6) g/L.Two patients (Grade Ⅰ thrombolysis) were converted to catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT).There were 10 (35.7％) cases achieving grade Ⅱ and 16 (57.1％) cases achieving grade Ⅲ,respectively.Technique success rate were 92.9％.Minor bleeding events occurred in 2 patients.Nine (32.1％) patients had stents implanted.One year follow-up found patent deep venous in 26 (92.9％) patients and stent patency rate was 88.9％ (1/9).Two (7.1％) cases developed mild postthrombotic syndrome (PTS).Conclusion AngioJet is a safe and effective tool to treat acute DVT accelerating thrombolytic therapy,and reducing bleeding complications.