Objective: To investigate the distribution characteristics of ABO and Rh blood group antigen phenotypes among blood donors in the Yantai, Shandong. Methods: Blood samples from 310 180 voluntary blood donors in Yantai collected from January 2019 to December 2023 were tested for ABO and Rh blood group antigens using standard serological methods. RhD-negative samples were further typed for C, c, E, and e antigens. Population genetic analysis of blood groups was performed: allele frequencies were inferred from ABO phenotypes, and Rh allele/haplotype frequencies were estimated based on the proportion of RhD-negative donors and CcEe antigen typing, followed by Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium testing. Results: The phenotypic distribution frequency of ABO blood groups was B(32.72%)>O(28.93%)>A(27.65%)>AB(10.70%). The inferred allele frequencies were r(53.74%)>q(24.78%)>p(21.48%), consistent with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P>0.05). A total of 1 872 Rh-negative donors (0.603%) were identified. The most common Rh phenotypes were ccdee (59.56%) and Ccdee (30.18%). The distribution of Rh antigen phenotypes deviated significantly from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (χ =37.15, P<0.001), with the cde haplotype showing the highest frequency. There was no statistically significant difference in ABO blood group distribution between RhD-positive and RhD-negative donors (P>0.05). Conclusion: The ABO blood group distribution among voluntary blood donors in Yantai is generally stable and consistent with population genetic equilibrium, whereas the Rh antigen phenotype distribution deviates from equilibrium, indicating potential underlying genetic structural differences.

ObjectiveTaking the cuproptosis/oxidative stress pathway as the entry point， this study investigated the effect and mechanism of Liangyi Paste on hepatic lipid deposition in naturally aged mice fed with a high-fat diet. MethodsAfter adaptive feeding， 80 ten-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were used. Thirty of them were randomly divided into three groups （10 mice per group）： The 12-month-old control group （12MCON）， the 15-month-old control group （15MCON）， and the 15-month-old group with a high-fat diet （15MHFD）. The 12MCON and 15MCON groups were continuously fed a standard diet， while the 15MHFD group started receiving a high-fat diet at 12 months of age. Tissue samples were collected at the corresponding time points for each group. The remaining 50 mice were randomly divided into five groups （10 mice per group）： the 20-month-old control group （20MCON）， the model group， and the low-， medium-， and high-dose Liangyi Paste groups （2.91 ， 5.82 ， 11.64 g·kg^-1·d^-1， respectively）. The 20MCON group was continuously fed a standard diet， while the other groups started receiving a high-fat diet at 15 months of age. At 18 months of age， the Liangyi Paste groups were administered the corresponding doses of Liangyi Paste by gavage， while the 20MCON and model groups were given an equal volume of saline by gavage. After 8 weeks of continuous gavage （when the mice reached 20 months of age）， tissue samples were collected. Hepatic TG levels were measured using assay kits； liver histology and lipid deposition were observed via hematoxylin-eosin （HE） and oil red O staining； reactive oxygen species （ROS） were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）； Cu²⁺， superoxide dismutase （SOD）， and malondialdehyde （MDA） levels were measured by colorimetry； mRNA and protein expression of genes related to cuproptosis and oxidative stress pathways were analyzed by Real-time polymerase chain reaction（Real-time PCR） and Wes automated protein expression system. ResultsCompared with 12MCON， the 15MCON group showed significantly increased hepatic TG， Cu²⁺， ROS， and MDA levels （P<0.01）， decreased SOD （P<0.01）， hepatocyte swelling， and disordered arrangement. The mRNA and protein levels of ferredoxin 1 （FDX1）， dihydrolipoamide S-acetyltransferase （DLAT）， heat shock protein 70 （HSP70）， dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase （DLD）， pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 subunit-β （PDHB）， nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 （Nrf2）， and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ （PPARγ） were significantly elevated （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with 15MCON group， the 15MHFD and 20MCON groups exhibited further increases in TG， Cu²⁺， ROS， and MDA （P<0.01）， reduced SOD （P<0.01）， and aggravated hepatocyte swelling and disorder. There were increased lipid droplets with mild vacuolization in the 15MHFD group， and no significant lipid deposition was observed in the 20MCON group. FDX1， DLAT， HSP70， DLD， PDHB， Nrf2， and PPARγ mRNA and protein levels were significantly increased （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with 20MCON group， the model group demonstrated markedly elevated TG， Cu²⁺， ROS， and MDA （P<0.01）， reduced SOD （P<0.01）， severe hepatic steatosis， and upregulated expression of FDX1， DLAT， HSP70， DLD， PDHB， Nrf2， and PPARγ mRNA and proteins （P<0.05， P<0.01）. All abnormalities were significantly reversed after Liangyi Paste treatment. ConclusionLiangyi paste can ameliorate hepatic lipid deposition in naturally aged mice with a high-fat diet by modulating the cuproptosis/oxidative stress pathway.

ObjectiveThis paper aims to investigate the role of NDC80 kinetochore complex component （NUF2） and magnesium homeostasis in ovarian cancer cell apoptosis， as well as the regulatory mechanism of gypenoside L （Gyp-L） on NUF2 and magnesium homeostasis. MethodsOvarian cancer OVCAR3 cells were divided into a blank control group， a low-concentration Gyp-L group （50 µmol·L^-1）， a high-concentration Gyp-L group （100 µmol·L^-1）， and a cisplatin （15 µmol·L^-1） group. The migration， proliferation， and apoptosis capabilities of OVCAR3 cells were evaluated through cell scratch assays， clonal experiments， and terminal-deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling assay （TUNEL） staining. Differentially expressed genes of ovarian cancer were screened by using the Gene Expression Omnibus （GEO） database. The interaction relationships of differentially expressed genes and proteins were analyzed via the Search Tool for Recurring Instances of Neighbouring Genes （STRING） database. The prognostic survival analysis was performed by using the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource （TIMER） database， and the differential expression levels of genes were validated with the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis （GEPIA） database. The mRNA expression levels of NUF2， magnesium homeostasis-related indicators， such as magnesium transporter 1 （MAGT1）， non-imprinted in Prader-Willi/Angelman syndrome 1 （NIPA1）， NIPA-like domain containing 1 （NIPAL1）， as well as apoptosis-related indicators B cell lymphoma-2 （Bcl-2） and Bcl-2-associated X protein （Bax） in OVCAR3 cells， were detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR）. The protein expression levels of NUF2， MAGT1， NIPA1， NIPAL1， Bcl-2， and Bax in OVCAR3 cells were quantitatively analyzed by ProteinSimple WES. A model of overexpression of NUF2 was constructed， and Gyp-L intervention was performed. The molecular mechanism by which Gyp-L induces ovarian cancer cell apoptosis by regulating NUF2 and influencing magnesium homeostasis was quantitatively analyzed and detected through cell cloning， TUNEL staining， Real-time PCR， and ProteinSimple WES. Finally， the Mg²⁺ content and protein synthesis efficiency were detected by immunofluorescence. ResultsGyp-L significantly inhibited the migration and proliferation capabilities of OVCAR3 cells and promoted their apoptosis （P<0.05）. Overexpression of NUF2 markedly increased the expression levels of MAGT1， NIPA1， NIPAL1， and Bcl-2， while reducing the expression level of Bax （P<0.05）. It also significantly elevated intracellular Mg²⁺ content and protein synthesis efficiency and simultaneously inhibited apoptosis （P<0.05）. Gyp-L could reverse the magnesium homeostasis imbalance and apoptosis inhibition caused by the overexpression of NUF2， downregulating the expression levels of NUF2， MAGT1， NIPA1， NIPAL1， and Bcl-2 （P<0.05）， while upregulating the expression level of Bax （P<0.05）. ConclusionGyp-L can inhibit the occurrence of ovarian cancer， and its mechanism may involve inhibiting the expression of NUF2 to maintain magnesium homeostasis and inducing apoptosis of ovarian cancer cells.

The complete functional regeneration of periodontal tissues—specifically, the simultaneous reconstruction of alveolar bone, cementum, and periodontal ligament—represents a major challenge in oral regenerative medicine. Dental-derived mesenchymal stem cells (DMSCs) are regarded as ideal seed cells for achieving this goal due to their multi-lineage differentiation potential and immunomodulatory properties. As a cell carrier, hydrogels offer the key advantage of mimicking the extracellular matrix through precisely tunable physicochemical properties (e.g., matrix stiffness, topological structure, degradation kinetics), thereby constructing a mechanical and biochemical microenvironment that actively directs stem cell fate. This review summarizes the application and research progress of DMSC-laden hydrogels in periodontal tissue repair. We first analyze the material characteristics of different hydrogel systems, and then elaborate on the specific molecular mechanisms by which hydrogels regulate DMSCs’ differentiation through mechanical properties such as matrix stiffness: stiff hydrogels drive osteogenic differentiation by activating the integrin-focal adhesion kinase (FAK)-Akt/mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling axis; inducing cytoskeletal remodeling, and promoting dephosphorylation and nuclear translocation of Yes-associated protein (YAP)/transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) to initiate the transcription of osteogenesis-related genes; and stabilizing β-catenin and activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, upregulating the expression of key osteogenic transcription factors including Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) and Osterix. Furthermore, as programmed controlled-release carriers for bioactive factors, hydrogels selectively activate Smad signaling subtypes—pro-osteogenic factors specifically activate the Smad1/5/8 pathway, whereas factors promoting periodontal ligament formation activate the Smad2/3 pathway—thereby achieving precise, directed differentiation of DMSCs toward osteogenic, cementogenic, or fibroblastic lineages. Current key scientific issues in this field include the dynamic adaptation of hydrogel properties during regeneration, stable control of the complex oral microenvironment (e.g., microbes, mechanical forces, inflammation), strategies for efficient directional differentiation of stem cells, and feasibility of clinical translation. Future research directions should focus on developing smart-responsive hydrogels, constructing personalized biomimetic scaffolds combined with three-dimensional bioprinting technology, and designing composite material systems with immunomodulatory functions, aiming ultimately to achieve integrated structural and functional regeneration of periodontal tissue.

Objective This study reports on the obligatory parasitism of water mites Arrenurus sp. on Anopheles messeae at the Manzhouli Port, Inner Mongolia, China. Methods Duing July 2024, a survey on the mosquito diversity was conducted at the Manzhouli Port. Captured mosquitoes and their ectoparasites were identified to species level. Results A total of 1840 adult mosquitoes were collected, representing species from three genera: Culex(Cx. modestus, Cx. pipiens pallens), Aedes(Ae. dorsalis, Ae. flavidorsalis, Ae. flavescens), and Anopheles (An. messeae). Among all the mosqutioes specimens,3 out of 150 captured An. messeae were found to carry ectoparasitic mites, with number of 2,4,27 mites separately. Morphological and molecular identification reached the same result as water mites(Hydrachnidiae, Hydracrina). COI gene sequence showed 94% similarity with the closest species Arrenurus truncatellus. Conlusions Literature review suggests water mites are host-specific parasitism of mosquito species and herein with the first record of Arrenurus sp. parasiting on An. Messeae in the most high-latitude region globally.

Objective To evaluate the clinical characteristics, diagnostic reasoning, and therapeutic strategies of prostatic paraganglioma (PPG) to provide an evidence-based foundation for early diagnosis and precision treatment of this rare malignancy. Methods The clinical data of a patient with PPG admitted to our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Concurrently, a systematic search was conducted across domestic and international databases, including PubMed, CNKI, and Wanfang.Clinical manifestations, laboratory tests, pathological features, therapeutic modalities, and prognostic data of 24 cases reported between 1979 and 2025 were pooled with the institutional case for a comprehensive analysis (n=25). Results Epidemiological features: the age at onset ranged from 8 to 76 years, with a mean age of (44.6±15.2) years, predominantly affecting young and middle-aged adults (30-50 years).Notably, 20.0% (5/25) of the patients exhibited characteristic micturition-associated catecholamine release symptoms (e.g., post-micturition palpitations, transient hypertension).Laboratory findings: among the 19 patients who underwent catecholamine metabolite testing, 14 (73.7%) showed significant elevation in serum or urinary norepinephrine and methoxyadrenaline levels.Pathological and immunohistochemical features: the positivity rate for neuroendocrine markers (chromogranin A, synaptophysin, and neuron-specific enolase) was 100%, while the negativity rate for prostate-specific markers (prostate-specific antigen and prostate-specific acid phosphatase) was also 100%.Treatment and prognosis: surgical intervention was performed in 96.0% (24/25) of the patients, including radical prostatectomy (37.5%), precision tumor excision (25.0%), and transurethral resection (12.5%).Favorable outcomes without recurrence were observed in 89.5% (17/19) of the total cohort. Conclusion PPG is clinically exceedingly rare.The disease should be highly suspected in patients presenting with a prostatic mass, normal prostate-specific antigen level, and micturition-associated cardiovascular symptoms.Testing for catecholamine metabolites is the key screening tool.Robot-assisted surgery facilitates precise tumor excision while ensuring optimal functional preservation.Given the malignant potential and genetic correlations of PPG, lifelong follow-up is recommended.

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease(CJD)is a rapidly progressive and fatal neurodegenerative disorder caused by prions,with certain infectivity and iatrogenic transmission risks.With the rapid progress and application of new dia-gnostic biomarkers and detection methods,as well as the construction and improvement of surveillance and reporting systems,the detection of CJD in patients domestically and internationally has shown an increasing trend year by year.Due to its long incubation period and heterogeneity of early symptoms,early identification and diagnosis of the disease is difficult,increasing the risk of transmission within medical institutions.Currently,there is a lack of con-sensus on the infection prevention and control of CJD.In order to timely identify and diagnose CJD as well as effec-tively block its transmission in medical institutions,this consensus summarizes 15 clinical concerns and formulates 24 specific recommendations based on the latest domestic and international research findings and clinical evidence,as well as combines with clinical practice,aiming to standardize healthcare-associated infection prevention and control measures for CJD and reduce its transmission risk in medical institutions.

Objective:To explore the influencing factors of major adverse cardio-cerebrovascular events(MACCE)after drug-eluting stenting in patients with coronary artery disease(CAD).Methods:Retrospective study data from First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University were extracted from the Dryad database.Patients were di-vided into MACCE group(n=160)and control group(n=880)according to whether MACCE occurred during fol-low-up.Clinical data including age,gender,fibrinogen(Fg)level etc.were compared between two groups,and the variables with significant differences between two groups were substituted into Logistic regression model to screen the influencing factors of MACCE after drug eluting stenting in CAD patients.Results:Compared with pa-tients in control group,those in MACCE group had significant higher Fg level[(3.6±1.1)g/L vs.(3.4±1.0)g/L],proportions of triple-vessel coronary disease(25.6％ vs.18.3％)and right coronary artery lesion(53.1％ vs.41.7％)(P＜0.05 or＜0.01).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis indicated that Fg level(OR=1.18,95％CI 1.01～1.37,P=0.039)was the independent risk factor of MACCE after drug eluting stenting in CAD patients.The risk of MACCE after drug eluting stenting in CAD patients significantly increased when the Fg level was＞3.27 g/L.Conclusion:High Fg level is the independent risk factor of MACCE after drug eluting stenting in CAD patients.

The ocean plays a critical role in the global carbon cycle,and base on the"dual carbon"goals,ocean carbon sinks have received widespread attention.Shellfish aquaculture is one of the most important sources of carbon sinks in fisheries,which has an important impact on the offshore carbon cy-cle.As global temperature rises and ocean acidification intensifies,the capacity of the ocean to absorb CO2 will change.However,the effects of high temperature on the physiology and transcriptome related to carbon metabolism in Mytilus coruscus are not clear enough.This study investigated the effects of high temperatures on the total carbon content,carbon metabolism,antioxidant-related enzyme activities,and the transcriptome of Mytilus coruscus.The results showed that high temperature significantly inhibited the activities of hexokinase and pyruvate kinase,increased carbonic anhydrase activity(P＜0.05),de-creased the ATP content of digestive glands(P＜0.05),and affected glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid cycle,leading to a significant decrease in the mussel's ability to sequester carbon.High temperature re-sulted in significant(P＜0.05)increases in the levels of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde,and enhanced the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase.Observations by transmission electron microscopy showed that high temperatures damaged the subcellular structure of the digestive gland in Mytilus coruscus,resulting in the shrinkage of the nucleolus,swelling of the endoplasmic reticulum,and a significant reduction in the mitochondrial cristae.Comparative transcriptomic analysis showed that the upregulated DEGs were mainly enriched in protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum,antigen pro-cessing and presentation,and MAPK signaling pathway.The downregulated DEGs were mainly enriched in necroptosis,DNA replication,and the NF-kappa B signaling pathway.In antioxidant-related DEGs,the upregulated DEGs include vitamin K epoxide reductase,peroxidases,heat shock protein 105 kD,heat shock protein 70 kD,and superoxide dismutase;The downregulated DEGs mainly included NADPH oxidase,glutathione reductase,cytochrome b-245,cytochrome P450,and quinone reductase.The up-regulated genes enriched in the carbon metabolism pathway included chitinase,phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase,phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase,galactokinase,and inositol trisphosphate 3-kinase.The downregulated genes included aldose-1-epimerase,carbonic anhydrase,galactose mutaro-tase,acyl-CoA synthetase,alcohol dehydrogenase,and hexokinase.In conclusion,high temperature has an inhibitory effect on the activities of enzymes and the expression of genes related to carbon metabolism in Mytilus coruscus.The results of this study are intended to provide a scientific basis for the healthy de-velopment of mussel aquaculture and the assessment of carbon sinks.

Objective To compare the effects of different doses of budesonide and formoterol fumarate powder for inhalation combined with montelukast sodium tablet in the treatment of cough variant asthma(CVA)and the improvement of airway function and inflammatory factors.Methods Elderly patients with cough variant asthma were randomly divided into group A and group B.Both groups of patients received budesonide and formoterol fumarate powder for inhalation combined with montelukast sodium tablet.Group A was given budesonide and formoterol fumarate powder for inhalation(Ⅱ),2 inhalation per time,twice a day;Group B was given budesonide and formoterol fumarate powder for inhalation,4 inhalation per time,twice a day;budesonide fumatrol inhalation powder mist for continuous treatment for 6 months,and montelukast sodium tablet 10 mg once a day for at least 3 months.The nighttime cough scores of the two groups were compared before treatment and after treatment.The percentage of forced expiratory volume in one second(FEV1)in the predicted value,the maximum mid expiratory flow(MMEF),the fractional exhaled nitric oxide(FeNO),interleukin-5(IL-5)and eosinophils were compared between the two groups.The incidence of adverse drug reactions and the recurrence rate within 1 year were compared between the two groups.Results A total of 45 cases were enrolled in both the group A and the group B.At 9 months after treatment,the nocturnal cough scores of the group A and the group B were(0.93±0.42)and(0.65±0.29)points,respectively;the percentage of FEV1 in the predicted value were(97.75±9.67)％and(100.93±11.06)％,respectively;the MMEF values were(2.81±1.04)and(3.08±1.09)L·s-1,respectively;the FeNO values were(18.94±9.75)and(15.94±7.96)ppb,respectively;the IL-5 levels were(10.88±7.06)and(8.11±5.56)pg·mL-1,respectively.The above indicators in group B showed statistically significant differences compared to group A(all P＜0.05).The total incidence of adverse drug reactions in group A and group B were 8.89％(5 cases/45 cases)and 13.33％(6 cases/45 cases),respectively.The recurrence rates was 15.56％(7 cases/45 cases)and 13.33％(6 cases/45 cases),respectively.There was no statistically significant difference in the above indicators between group B and group A(all P＞0.05).Conclusion For elderly patients with CVA,higher dose of budesonide and formoterol fumarate powder for inhalation combined with montelukast sodium tablet can better improve cough symptoms,reduce the level of airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammatory factors,reduce the recurrence rate,and the patients are well tolerated.