Objective:To explore the application of a scenario-based onsite first-aid skills station in objective structured clinical examination (OSCE).Methods:Based on common scenarios and cases in medical practice, an evaluation framework of the OSCE onsite first-aid skills station—containing assessment indicators, exam room setting, examiner training, and assessment process—was designed to evaluate the onsite first-aid competencies of medical graduates of the five-year program for three consecutive years. SPSS 24.0 was used to perform the Kruskal-Wallis test and Pearson correlation analysis to calculate the correlation between course examination scores and OSCE onsite first-aid skills station assessment scores. Excel was used to calculate the difficulty index and discrimination index of test items.Results:The graduates' OSCE onsite first-aid skills station assessment scores were improved year by year, with a mean score of about 80 points. The station assessment items showed a moderate difficulty level (0.7-0.8), a good discrimination level (>0.4), and good internal consistency (Cronbach's α>0.7). The examiners and examinees had a high recognition of the design and effectiveness of this station assessment method. There was a positive correlation between the OSCE scores and corresponding course scores (2016, r=0.245, P=0.001; 2017, r=0.108, P=0.026; 2018, r=0.198, P=0.006). Conclusions:Through scientific scoring and strict examination management, the OSCE scenario-based onsite first-aid skills station can effectively evaluate examinees' injury treatment competencies in different situations, which can provide a reference for course teaching.

Objective:To compare the predictive values of the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) risk scores, the Controlled Abciximab and Device Investigation to Lower Late Angioplasty Complications (CADILLAC) trial scores, and the Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) scores for major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) in patients with acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) after percutaneous coronary intervention.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 80 STEMI patients diagnosed at the Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University from January 2018 to January 2022, all of whom received percutaneous coronary intervention. The patients were followed up for 1-15 months with a median time of 7.5 months. MACEs, mainly including target vessel reconstruction, recurrent myocardial infarction, new heart failure, malignant arrhythmia, and cardiac death, were recorded.Results:Of the 80 patients, MACEs occurred in 18 cases (22.5%, 18/80) after percutaneous coronary intervention. Univariate analysis found that patients in the MACEs group had an increase in age, multiple vessel lesions, stent implantation length, peak and duration of troponin I, and total ischemia time > 6 hours, which were significantly different from those in the non-MACEs group ( P < 0.05). The MACEs group showed a significant increase in GRACE score [(136.5 ± 30.4) scores], modified CADILLAC score [(11.2 ± 3.4) score], and TIMI score [(5.7 ± 1.5) scores] at 7 days after surgery. The percentage of patients with GRACE score high-risk [12/18 (66.67%)], CADILLAC score high-risk [13/18 (72.22%)], and TIMI score high-risk [11/18 (61.11%)] increased significantly ( χ2 = 23.22, 21.35, 24.42, all P < 0.05). Increasing age, total ischemia time > 6 hours, GRACE score high-risk, CADILLAC score high-risk and TIMI score high-risk were all independent risk factors for MACEs at 1-year follow-up in STEMI patients ( HR values were 1.079, 2.037, 3.562, 3.421, and 3.236, respectively). The receiver operating characteristic curve showed that the area under the curve of GRACE score high-risk, CADILLAC score high-risk, and TIMI score high-risk for predicting MACEs were 0.816, 0.823 and 0.803 respectively, with no statistically significant differences ( P > 0.05). Conclusion:The use of GRACE score, modified CADILLAC score, and TIMI score after percutaneous coronary intervention in STEMI patients has predictive value for major cardiac adverse events after percutaneous coronary intervention, and all three scores have good accuracy in predicting the risk of MACEs at 1-year follow-up.

Objective:To investigate the safety and efficacy of laparoscopic simultaneous bilateral adrenalectomy in treating ectopic ACTH syndrome (ACTH)caused by medullary thyroid carcinoma(MTC).Methods:A 56-year-old male patient was admitted after MTC surgery and 7 months of general fatigue. The patient had a history of two open thyroid surgeries for medullary thyroid carcinoma, with previous pathological reports indicating lymph node metastasis in the upper mediastinum and mediastinum, accompanied by weak cytoplasmic expression of ACTH and negative CRH staining. After the operation, the patient developed diabetes, hypertension, and hypokalemia. Upon admission, the patient presented with a blood pressure reading of 200/95 mmHg (1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa), a weight of 61.5 kg, a height of 160 cm, a body mass index (BMI)of 24.02 kg/cm 2, and a waist circumference of 83 cm. Laboratory tests revealed the following: blood potassium level of 2.71 mmol/L, blood calcium level of 1.47 mmol/L, parathyroid hormone level of 6.0 pg/ml, fasting blood glucose level of 10.51 mmol/L, glycated hemoglobin level of 8.2%, blood calcitonin level exceeding 2 000 pg/ml, and blood CEA level of 70.8 μg/L. The plasma ACTH levels at 8∶00, 16∶00, and 24∶00 were 189.0, 125.0, and 65.0 pg/ml, respectively. Serum cortisol levels at 08∶00, 16∶00, and 24∶00 were 429.30, 408.14, and 446.61 μg/L, respectively. The 24-hour urine free cortisol measurement was 1 200 μg, and after the midnight 1mg dexamethasone suppression test at 8∶00, the plasma ACTH level was 183.0 pg/ml, and the serum cortisol level was 538.27 μg/L. The aldosterone level in standing position after 2 hours was 8.2 pg/ml. There were no significant abnormality in catecholamine hormone detection or thyroid function in blood and urine samples. An 18F-FDG-PET/CT examination showed multiple lymph node metastases in the neck, while an abdominal CT scan revealed bilateral adrenal hyperplasia. Enhanced MRI revealed pituitary gland thinning, and lung CT and sputum culture examinations showed scattered multiple lung infections. After a multidisciplinary discussion, the patient was diagnosed with EAS, postoperative MTC metastasis, diabetes, hypertension, hypokalemia, pulmonary infection, mild anemia, liver dysfunction, hypoparathyroidism, and hypocalcemia. The patient were accepted laparoscopic bilateral adrenalectomy via an abdominal approach under general anesthesia. The left adrenal gland was removed first, followed by the right adrenal gland after repositioning. Results:The surgery was successful with a surgical duration of approximately 60 minutes and an intraoperative bleeding volume of about 20 ml. No surgical complications occurred during the perioperative period. Pathological examination confirmed nodular hyperplasia of the adrenal cortex and bilateral adrenal medullary hyperplasia with negative ACTH staining. After a 3-month postoperative follow-up, blood calcitonin levels remained above 2000 pg/ml. The blood ACTH levels at 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months after surgery were 183.0, 220.0, and 731.0 pg/ml, respectively. However, hypertension, diabetes, and hypokalemia rapidly improved. One month after surgery, blood pressure was 100/80 mmHg, fasting blood glucose was 4.4 mmol/L, and blood potassium was 3.87 mmol/L. Pulmonary infection showed improvement, and no adrenal crisis occurred. Glucocorticoid replacement therapy consisted of 20 mg of hydrocortisone tablets in the morning and 10 mg in the afternoon, and thyroid hormone replacement therapy involved daily administration of 100 μg of levothyroxine. Genetic testing revealed heterozygous mutations in the Ret gene. The patient is currently undergoing clinical trial treatment with Ret inhibitors.Conclusions:Based on the data from this case and existing literature reports, laparoscopic simultaneous bilateral adrenalectomy might be safe and effective treatment option for EAS caused by unresectable MTC metastasis. It can correct hypertension, diabetes, and hypokalemia and increase the opportunity for MTC treatment.

Objective To observe the value of 3D Res2Net deep learning model for predicting volume doubling time(VDT)of solid pulmonary nodule.Methods Chest CT data of 734 patients with solid pulmonary nodules were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into progressive group(n=218)and non-progressive group(n=516)according to whether lung nodule volume increased by ≥25％during follow-up or not,also assigned into training set(n=515)and validation set(n=219)at a ratio of 7∶3.Then a clinical model was constructed based on clinical factors being significantly different between groups,CT features model was constructed based on features of nodules on 2D CT images using convolutional neural network,and 3D Res2Net model was constructed based on Res2Net network using 3D CT images as input.Receiver operating characteristic curve was drawn,and the area under the curve(AUC)was calculated.Taken actual VDT as gold standard,the efficacy of the above models for predicting solid pulmonary nodule'VDT≤400 days were evaluated.Results No significant difference of predicting efficacy for solid pulmonary nodule'VDT≤400 days was found among clinical model,CT feature model and 3D Res2Net model,the AUC of which was 0.689,0.698 and 0.734 in training set,0.692,0.714 and 0.721 in validation set,respectively.3D Res2Net model needed 5-7 s to predict VDT of solid pulmonary nodules,with an average time of(5.92±1.08)s.Conclusion 3D Res2Net model could be used to predict VDT of solid pulmonary nodules,which might obviously reduce manual interpreting time.

Objective:To analyze the research hotspots and development directions of medical device information management,and to provide reference for the research of medical device information management.Methods:A total of 5434 articles related to information management in the field of medical devices were retrieved from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI)database from January 1,2000 to December 31,2023.After screening,1618 valid articles were finally included in the study.Bibliometric methods were used to analyze the publication volume,keywords,journals,and author affiliations,and CiteSpace software was used to visualize the results.Results:The number of literature in the field of medical device information management showed a linear increase from 2000 to 2023,with an average of 70.34 publications per year.The keywords of"medical equipment,""medical consumables,""medical devices,""information systems,"and"management"have the highest centrality.The most representative keywords in cluster analysis are"medical equipment","medical consumables","quality control","management",and"Internet of Things".Conclusion:The research on medical device information management has gone through the initial stage,development stage,integration and integration stage,and the keyword"Internet of Things"has quickly become a research hotspot since its first appearance,and medical device information management has become the main development direction.The medical device management system has effectively improved the service quality and management level of medical institutions with the integration application of various information technologies and management tools and met the growing demand for statistical analysis.

OBJECTIVE:Percutaneous sacroiliac screw internal fixation has become the main surgical procedure for the treatment of posterior pelvic ring fractures;however,the unassisted closure operation requires high operator experience and repeated fluoroscopy increases the radiation hazard for patients and medical personnel.This article compares the clinical efficacy of robot-assisted versus unassisted percutaneous sacroiliac screw placement for posterior pelvic ring fractures by meta-analysis. METHODS:Computer searches of CNKI,WanFang,VIP,CBM,PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library and ClinicalTrials.gov were conducted from the time of database inception to December 2022.The literature on the clinical efficacy of robot-assisted versus freehand percutaneous sacroiliac screw placement in the treatment of posterior pelvic ring fractures was collected in and outside China.The data were independently screened and extracted by two investigators according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,respectively.The quality of randomized controlled trials was evaluated using Cochrane risk assessment criteria.The quality of included cohort studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 software for inclusion metrics.Outcome metrics included operative time,intraoperative bleeding,fluoroscopy time,fluoroscopy frequency,number of holes drilled,Majeed postoperative function score,the excellent and good rates of Matta fracture reduction,the excellent and good rates of Gras screw position,fracture healing time and complications. RESULTS:(1)A total of 13 publications were included,2 were randomized controlled trials both referring to randomized methods,11 non-randomized controlled studies were evaluated for quality of literature according to the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale,1 scored 8,9 scored 7;and 1 scored 6;the quality of literature was good.A total of 748 patients were included,including 430 in the robot-assisted group and 318 in the freehand group.(2)The results of the meta-analysis showed that the operative time(MD=-28.30,95%CI:-40.20 to-16.40),intraoperative bleeding(MD=-6.36,95%CI:-10.06 to-2.66),intraoperative fluoroscopy time(MD=-12.13,95%CI:-19.54 to-4.72),intraoperative fluoroscopy frequency(MD=-17.39,95%CI:-29.00 to-5.78),number of intraoperative needle drillings(SMD=-9.50,95%CI:-14.27 to-4.73)and the excellent and good rates of Gras screw position(OR=8.65,95%Cl:3.26-22.92)in the robot-assisted group were significantly better than those in the freehand group(P<0.05).(3)In the robot-assisted group,the overall postoperative complication rate was significantly reduced(OR=0.10,95%Cl:0.02-0.48,P<0.05).(4)No significant difference was detected in fracture healing time(MD=-0.08,95%CI:-0.21,0.06),the excellent and good rates of Matta fracture repositioning rate(OR=2.06,95%Cl:0.97-4.39),and Majeed functional score(MD=0.91,95%CI:-0.31-2.13)between both groups(P>0.05). CONCLUSION:Compared with freehand sacroiliac joint nailing,robotic assistance shortens the operative time,reduces intraoperative bleeding,decreases radiation damage to patients and medical staff,improves the excellent and good rate of screw position,and reduces the overall incidence of postoperative complications in patients,but there was no significant improvement in fracture reduction quality,fracture healing time,and postoperative function.In the future,more large-sample,multicenter,and high-quality randomized controlled trials are still needed to verify.

Objective To discuss the clinical application value of super selective renal artery embolization-assisted(SRAE-assisted)laparoscopic partial nephrectomy(LPN).Methods A retrospective analysis of the clinical data of patients with stage T1 renal carcinoma,who received LPN,was conducted.The patients were divided into SRAE group(performing LPN without adopting renal hilum vascular clamping)and VC group(performing LPN with adopting renal hilum vascular clamping).The time spent for operation,amount of intraoperative blood loss,and preoperative and postoperative renal functions were compared between the two groups.According to the warm ischemia time(WIT),the patients of the VC group were subdivided into WIT＜25 min subgroup and WIT≥25 min subgroup,and the preoperative and postoperative renal functions were compared between the two subgroups.Results A total of 59 patients with renal carcinoma were enrolled in this study,including 12 patients in SRAE group and 47 patients in VC group.In VC group,WIT＜25 min subgroup had 33 patients and WIT≥25 min subgroup had 14 patients.In both SRAE group and VC group,no patient was referred to open surgery or total nephrectomy.No patient in SRAE group was referred to traditional LPN.The time spent for operation in SRAE group and VC group was 100.50(73.75,132.50)min and 120.00(90.00,145.00)min respectively,the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant(P＞0.05).The postoperative estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)in SRAE group was 100.56(82.85,106.81),which was remarkably higher than 84.66(70.84,94.85)in VC group(P＜0.05).The postoperative serum creatinine level in VC group was 90.50(77.10,104.90)μmol/L,which was strikingly higher than 72.24(65.97,80.27)μmol/L in SRAE group(P＜0.05).The amount of intraoperative blood loss in SRAE group was 50(50,50)mL,which was lower than 50(50,100)mL in VC group(P＜0.05).In VC group,the postoperative eGFR in WIT≥25 min subgroup was 66.13(47.08,82.50),which was lower than 90.80(77.18,98.78)in WIT＜25 min subgroup(P＜0.05).During the postoperative one-year follow-up,no recurrence was observed in both groups.Conclusion Compared with traditional LPN,SRAE-assisted LPN doesn't need to obstruct the renal hilus during surgery,which can avoid the ischemic impairment of the residual renal function and reduce the amount of intraoperative blood loss,moreover,it doesn't increase the operation time,doesn't increase the incidence of complications such as postoperative bleeding,etc.and doesn't affect the curative efficacy and patient's prognosis.

Objective To analyze the relationship between dietary and lifestyle inflammatory scores and metabolic syndrome, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, tumor and other common metabolic diseases, and to explore the impact of dietary and lifestyle inflammatory potential on metabolic diseases, so as to provide new ideas for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of metabolic diseases. Methods Databases such as CNKI, Wanfang , and PubMed were searched, and literatures related to the dietary and lifestyle inflammatory scores (DLIS) and metabolic diseases were reviewed . Results Seven articles showed that dietary and lifestyle inflammation scores had a positive correlation with metabolic diseases, and two articles showed that only lifestyle inflammatory scores had a positive correlation with metabolic diseases. Conclusion Dietary and lifestyle inflammatory scores may be positively correlated with metabolic diseases, but some results are still controversial. Further studies are needed to prove the correlation between DLIS and metabolic diseases.

Objective    To explore the application of Tsetlin Machine (TM) in heart beat classification. Methods    TM was used to classify the normal beats, premature ventricular contraction (PVC) and supraventricular premature beats (SPB) in the 2020 data set of China Physiological Signal Challenge. This data set consisted of the single-lead electro-cardiogram data of 10 patients with arrhythmia. One patient with atrial fibrillation was excluded, and finally data of the other 9 patients were included in this study. The classification results were then analyzed. Results    The classification results showed that the average recognition accuracy of TM was 84.3%, and the basis of classification could be shown by the bit pattern interpretation diagram. Conclusion    TM can explain the classification results when classifying heart beats. The reasonable interpretation of classification results can increase the reliability of the model and facilitate people's review and understanding.

Under the influence of the coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic, the disadvantages of traditional blended teaching, which has been developed for 20 years, are gradually being revealed. With the help of modern network technology and under the guidance of minimalism, the new blended teaching model adheres to the principle of systematic, holistic, ecological, and collaborative reform and thus can not only efficiently realize the teaching goal of "improvement in self-learning ability and high-order thinking ability", but also achieve innovation and inheritance of "excellent teaching concepts and methods". On this basis, this study forms the "151 framework and BASIC mechanism", which will promote the reform and upgrading of blended teaching from point to surface and then to a three-dimensional structure and ensure that blended teaching has stronger vitality in the new era.