Childhood simple obesity has become a significant public health issue in China. Modern medicine primarily relies on lifestyle interventions and often suffers from poor long-term compliance， while pharmacological options are limited and associated with potential adverse effects. Traditional Chinese Medicine （TCM） has a long history in the prevention and management of this condition， demonstrating eight distinct advantages， including systematic theoretical foundation， diversified therapeutic approaches， definite therapeutic efficacy， high safety profile， good patient compliance， comprehensive intervention strategies， emphasis on prevention， and stepwise treatment protocols. Additionally， TCM is characterized by six distinctive features： the use of natural medicinal substances， non-invasive external therapies， integration of medicinal dietetics， simple exercise regimens， precise syndrome differentiation， and diverse dosage forms. By combining internal and external treatments， TCM facilitates individualized regimen adjustment and holistic regulation， demonstrating remarkable effects in improving obesity-related metabolic indicators， regulating constitutional imbalance， and promoting healthy behaviors. However， challenges remain， such as inconsistent operational standards， insufficient high-quality clinical evidence， and a gap between basic research and clinical application. Future efforts should focus on accelerating the standardization of TCM diagnosis and treatment， conducting multicenter randomized controlled trials， and fostering interdisciplinary integration， so as to enhance the scientific validity and international recognition of TCM in the prevention and treatment of childhood obesity.

Objective: To analyze the developmental trajectories of clustered health risk behaviors and their association with self-esteem and lonelinesss among junior high school students, so as to provide a reference for formulating comprehensive prevention and control measures of health risk behaviors among adolescents. Methods: In October 2023, 1 165 first year junior high school students from two schools of Jishou City in Hunan Province were selected by convenient sampling method for three follow up surveys (T1:October 2023; T2:April 2024; T3:October 2024). The Adolescent Health Risk Behavior Questionnaire, Rosenberg Self esteem Scale and Loneliness Scale were used to assess health risk behaviors, self esteem and loneliness, respectively. Latent growth curve modeling and latent growth mixture modeling were applied to analyze the developmental trajectories of clustered health risk behaviors among junior high school students. Logistic regression was used to analyze the association of the developmental trajectories of clustered health risk behaviors with self esteem and loneliness among junior high school students. Results: The overall developmental trajectories among junior high school students showed a declining trend (intercept=0.15, slope=-1.65, both P <0.05), with three heterogeneous categories:low risk improvement group ( n =862, 74.0%), moderate risk stable group ( n =260, 22.3%), and high risk deterioration group ( n =43, 3.7%). After adjusting the status of the left behind individuals，using the low risk improvement group as the reference category in multinomial Logistic regression analysis, results indicated that higher loneliness scores among junior high school students increased the risks of belonging to the moderate risk stable group ( OR=1.02, 95%CI =1.00- 1.04 ) and the high risk deterioration group ( OR=1.04, 95%CI =1.00-1.08), while higher self esteem scores reduced the risks of belonging to the moderate risk stable group ( OR=0.93, 95%CI =0.91-0.96) and the high risk deterioration group ( OR=0.88, 95%CI =0.83-0.94) (all P <0.05). Conclusions The overall trend of clustered health risk behaviors among junior high school students gradually improves, and the self esteem and loneliness are significant correlative factors. Targeted intervention measures should be developed for the junior high school students, with a focus on enhancing their self esteem and alleviating loneliness.

ObjectiveTo explore the effect of tele-supervised home-based pulmonary music therapy on respiratory function, exercise capacity and clinical symptoms in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). MethodsA total of 96 COPD patients admitted to the Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang from January, 2023 to June, 2024 were selected. They were divided into control group and observation group (48 cases each) using block randomization combined with a random number table. The control group received routine treatment and nursing intervention, while the observation group added tele-supervised home-based pulmonary music therapy, for six months. Evaluations were conducted before intervention and one, three and six months after intervention. ResultsThree cases in the control group and two in the observation group dropped out. Compared to the control group, the observation group was better in forced expiratory volume in one second percentage of predicted (FEV₁%) level six months after intervention (χ² = 10.481, P < 0.001), maximal inspiratory pressure three months (Z = -2.045, P = 0.044) and six months (Z = -3.643, P = 0.033) after intervention, maximal expiratory pressure three months (Z = 2.111, P = 0.036) and six months (Z = 4.025, P < 0.001) after intervention, exercise capacity one month (t = 2.266, P = 0.028), three months (t = 3.943, P = 0.028) and six months (t = 6.703, P < 0.001) after intervention, fatigue scores three months (Z = -4.352, P < 0.001) and six months (Z = -5.718, P < 0.001) after intervention, clinical symptoms three months (t = -2.698, P = 0.007) and six months (t = -2.898, P = 0.003) after intervention, and clinical control levels three months (t = -3.402, P < 0.001) and six months (t = -5.036, P < 0.001) after intervention. ConclusionTele-supervised home-based pulmonary music therapy is beneficial in improving respiratory function, exercise capacity, fatigue, clinical symptoms and clinical control levels in patients with COPD.

ObjectiveTo explore the effect of tele-supervised home-based pulmonary music therapy on respiratory function, exercise capacity and clinical symptoms in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). MethodsA total of 96 COPD patients admitted to the Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang from January, 2023 to June, 2024 were selected. They were divided into control group and observation group (48 cases each) using block randomization combined with a random number table. The control group received routine treatment and nursing intervention, while the observation group added tele-supervised home-based pulmonary music therapy, for six months. Evaluations were conducted before intervention and one, three and six months after intervention. ResultsThree cases in the control group and two in the observation group dropped out. Compared to the control group, the observation group was better in forced expiratory volume in one second percentage of predicted (FEV₁%) level six months after intervention (χ² = 10.481, P < 0.001), maximal inspiratory pressure three months (Z = -2.045, P = 0.044) and six months (Z = -3.643, P = 0.033) after intervention, maximal expiratory pressure three months (Z = 2.111, P = 0.036) and six months (Z = 4.025, P < 0.001) after intervention, exercise capacity one month (t = 2.266, P = 0.028), three months (t = 3.943, P = 0.028) and six months (t = 6.703, P < 0.001) after intervention, fatigue scores three months (Z = -4.352, P < 0.001) and six months (Z = -5.718, P < 0.001) after intervention, clinical symptoms three months (t = -2.698, P = 0.007) and six months (t = -2.898, P = 0.003) after intervention, and clinical control levels three months (t = -3.402, P < 0.001) and six months (t = -5.036, P < 0.001) after intervention. ConclusionTele-supervised home-based pulmonary music therapy is beneficial in improving respiratory function, exercise capacity, fatigue, clinical symptoms and clinical control levels in patients with COPD.

ObjectiveTo explore the effect of tele-supervised home-based pulmonary music therapy on respiratory function, exercise capacity and clinical symptoms in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). MethodsA total of 96 COPD patients admitted to the Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang from January, 2023 to June, 2024 were selected. They were divided into control group and observation group (48 cases each) using block randomization combined with a random number table. The control group received routine treatment and nursing intervention, while the observation group added tele-supervised home-based pulmonary music therapy, for six months. Evaluations were conducted before intervention and one, three and six months after intervention. ResultsThree cases in the control group and two in the observation group dropped out. Compared to the control group, the observation group was better in forced expiratory volume in one second percentage of predicted (FEV₁%) level six months after intervention (χ² = 10.481, P < 0.001), maximal inspiratory pressure three months (Z = -2.045, P = 0.044) and six months (Z = -3.643, P = 0.033) after intervention, maximal expiratory pressure three months (Z = 2.111, P = 0.036) and six months (Z = 4.025, P < 0.001) after intervention, exercise capacity one month (t = 2.266, P = 0.028), three months (t = 3.943, P = 0.028) and six months (t = 6.703, P < 0.001) after intervention, fatigue scores three months (Z = -4.352, P < 0.001) and six months (Z = -5.718, P < 0.001) after intervention, clinical symptoms three months (t = -2.698, P = 0.007) and six months (t = -2.898, P = 0.003) after intervention, and clinical control levels three months (t = -3.402, P < 0.001) and six months (t = -5.036, P < 0.001) after intervention. ConclusionTele-supervised home-based pulmonary music therapy is beneficial in improving respiratory function, exercise capacity, fatigue, clinical symptoms and clinical control levels in patients with COPD.

Objective To investigate the effect of miR-29b-3p targeting insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1)on high glucose-induced injury in human retinal microvascular endothelial cells(HRMECs)and the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)signaling pathway.Methods HRMECs were di-vided into the following groups:control group(normal culture),high glucose(HG)group(treated with 30.0 mmol·L-1 glucose for 48 h),inhibitor-NC group,miR-29b-3p inhibitor group,miR-29b-3p inhibitor+si-NC group,miR-29b-3p inhib-itor+si-IGF-1 group(all transfected with corresponding plasmids for 24 h after HG treatment),and LY294002 group(treated with 40 μmol·L-1 LY294002 for 24 h).The expression level of miR-29b-3p was detected by quantitative real-time PCR(qRT-PCR).Cell viability was assessed using the Cell Counting Kit-8(CCK-8)assay.Intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels were measured by immunofluorescence.The expression levels of malondialdehyde(MDA),superox-ide dismutase(SOD),and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry.Autophagosome formation was observed under a transmission electron microscope.The protein expression levels related to apoptosis,autophagy,IGF-1,and the PI3K/Akt/mTOR path-way were examined by Western blot.The targeting relationship between miR-29b-3p and IGF-1 was verified by a dual-lucif-erase reporter assay.Results Compared with the Control group,the HG group showed significant increases in the ex-pression levels of miR-29b-3p,ROS,MDA,Bax,Cleaved-caspase 3,p62,the p-PI3K/PI3K ratio,the p-Akt/Akt ratio,the p-mTOR/mTOR ratio,and the cell apoptosis rate;whereas the expression levels of IGF-1,SOD,GSH-Px,the LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ ratio,cell viability,and the number of autophagosomes were significantly decreased(all P＜0.05).Compared with the in-hibitor-NC group,the miR-29b-3p inhibitor group exhibited significant decreases in the expression levels of miR-29b-3p,ROS,MDA,Bax,Cleaved-caspase 3,p62,the p-PI3K/PI3K ratio,the p-Akt/Akt ratio,the p-mTOR/mTOR ratio,and the cell apoptosis rate;while the expression levels of IGF-1,SOD,GSH-Px,the LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ ratio,cell viability,and the num-ber of autophagosomes were significantly increased(all P＜0.05).Compared with the miR-29b-3p inhibitor+si-NC group,the miR-29b-3p inhibitor+si-IGF-1 group demonstrated significant increases in the expression levels of miR-29b-3p,ROS,MDA,Bax,Cleaved-caspase 3,p62,the p-PI3K/PI3K ratio,the p-Akt/Akt ratio,the p-mTOR/mTOR ratio,and the cell apoptosis rate;whereas the expression levels of IGF-1,SOD,GSH-Px,the LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ ratio,cell viability,and the number of autophagosomes were significantly decreased(all P＜0.05).Compared with the HG group,the LY294002 group showed significant decreases in the expression levels of miR-29b-3p,ROS,MDA,Bax,Cleaved-caspase 3,p62,the p-PI3K/PI3K ratio,the p-Akt/Akt ratio,the p-mTOR/mTOR ratio,and the cell apoptosis rate;while the expression levels of IGF-1,SOD,GSH-Px,the LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ ratio,cell viability,and the number of autophagosomes were significantly increased(all P＜0.05).The dual-luciferase activity was significantly lower in cells co-transfected with IGF-1-WT and miR-29b-3p mimic compared to miR-NC cells(P＜0.05).Conclusion Inhibition of miR-29b-3p can target upregulation of IGF-1 expression levels,thereby inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway and improving high glucose induced cell damage in HRMECs.

Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women worldwide and has drawn extensive research attention.Owing to its molecular heterogeneity,drug resistance,and low therapeutic response,single-modality treatments often fail to achieve satisfactory efficacy or broad applicability.Combination therapy,designed based on the pathophysiological characteristics,related signaling pathways,and biomarkers of breast cancer,has emerged as a promising approach for improving therapeutic outcomes.With the advancement of research on combination strategies,the understanding of their molecular mechanisms—particularly key signaling pathways and biomarkers—has become increasingly important.However,comprehensive reviews addressing these molecular mechanisms and synergistic strategies remain scarce.This article summarizes recent advances in combination therapy for breast cancer,providing a comprehensive review of recent combination therapies for breast cancer and their underlying molecular mechanisms,and focusing on key signaling pathways involved in combination therapy and synergistic strategies,thereby providing theoretical insights and reference for researchers,graduate students,and clinicians engaged in the development of novel combination therapeutic strategies for breast cancer and related malignancies.

During the 14th Five-Year Plan period, the population of China has turned into a stage of negative growth, the fertility rate gradually declined, and the infertility rate gradually increased. The most effective treatment for infertility is assisted reproductive technology (ART), which has brought hope for fertility to many patients. However, the current promotion of the utilization of ART is still fraught with many obstacles. In this context, focusing on the realistic challenges of ART on its development in China, we will take a problem-oriented approach, utilize the relevant policies of ART in foreign countries as references, and put forward policy recommendations for the further implementation of ART, such as coordinating the balanced distribution of ART resources in the region, strengthening policy safeguards for ART, enhancing the institutional functioning of professional associations in medical ethics, and standardizing the application of ART treatments.

Objective:To summarize the best evidence of ICU acquired weakness(ICUAW) clinical nursing strategies and measures in adult patients and provide evidence-based basis for clinical practice.Methods:By using "6S" evidence model, related literature on ICUAW prevention and management was systematically retrieved from UpToDate, BMJ Best Practice, the National Guideline Clearinghouse, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, the Registered Nurses′ Association of Ontario, Cochrane Library, PubMed, Yimaitong Guidelines, CNKI, Wanfang Data, VIP and China Biomedical Literature Database, the retrieval time was from the establishment of the database to september 30, 2023. Two researchers who receieved evidence-based nursing training was independently completed literature quality evaluation. The evidence of the literature were extracted and summarized.Results:Totally, 17 articles were included, including 3 guidelines, 3 expert consensus, 4 systematic review/Meta analysis, 2 crosssectional studies and 5 randomized controlled trials. A total of 30 pieces of best evidence were constructed, including intervention evaluation, daily awakening, safety standards, rehabilitation time, rehabilitation content, rehabilitation intensity, precautions, bundled management, blood pressure/blood glucose control.Conclusions:The present study summarized the best evidence of nursing strategies and measures for adult ICUAW, medical staff should transform and apply the best evidence in combination with clinical contexts to reduce the adverse prognosis of ICUAW.

Eating disorders(ED) are a group of psychiatric disorders related to abnormal eating behaviors, with complex and variable symptoms, frequent crossover of diagnoses among various subtypes, high comorbidity rates, and often difficulties in medical treatment, which seriously affect the quality of life of patients. Understanding ED from a transdiagnostic perspective provides new ideas for treatment. According to the theory of cognitive behavioral therapy, psychological cognitive development is an important maintenance mechanism for the transdiagnosis of ED. Core beliefs, as the deepest level of psychological cognition, play an important role in the development and maintenance of ED. A large number of studies have found that among patients with various subtypes of ED, the core beliefs related to the self involve body shape and weight, achievement/worth, sense of control, and the core beliefs related to the world/others involve unloveability and abandonment influence both eating-related symptoms and comorbidity levels. For the first time, this paper focuses on sorting out the transdiagnostic core beliefs of patients with ED and further clarifying the relationship between transdiagnostic core beliefs and ED symptoms, in order to better understand, prevent and treat ED, then promote recovery and reduce relapse.