G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest family of membrane proteins in eukaryotes, with nearly 800 genes coding for these proteins. They are involved in many physiological processes, such as light perception, taste and smell, neurotransmitter, metabolism, endocrine and exocrine, cell growth and migration. Importantly, GPCRs and their ligands are the targets of approximately one third of all marketed drugs. GPCRs are traditionally known for their role in transmitting signals from the extracellular environment to the cell's interior via the plasma membrane. However, emerging evidence suggests that GPCRs are also localized on mitochondria, where they play critical roles in modulating mitochondrial functions. These mitochondrial GPCRs (mGPCRs) can influence processes such as mitochondrial respiration, apoptosis, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. By interacting with mitochondrial signaling pathways, mGPCRs contribute to the regulation of energy metabolism and cell survival. Their presence on mitochondria adds a new layer of complexity to the understanding of cellular signaling, highlighting the organelle's role as not just an energy powerhouse but also a crucial hub for signal transduction. This expanding understanding of mGPCR function on mitochondria opens new avenues for research, particularly in the context of diseases where mitochondrial dysfunction plays a key role. Abnormalities in the phase conductance pathway of GPCRs located on mitochondria are closely associated with the development of systemic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, obesity and Alzheimer's disease. In this review, we examined the various types of GPCRs identified on mitochondrial membranes and analyzed the complex relationships between mGPCRs and the pathogenesis of various diseases. We aim to provide a clearer understanding of the emerging significance of mGPCRs in health and disease, and to underscore their potential as therapeutic targets in the treatment of these conditions.

G protein-coupled receptors(GPCRs)are the largest family of membrane proteins in eukaryotes,with nearly 800 genes coding for these proteins.They are involved in many physiological processes,such as light perception,taste and smell,neurotransmitter,metabolism,endocrine and exocrine,cell growth and migration.Importantly,GPCRs and their ligands are the targets of approximately one third of all mar-keted drugs.GPCRs are traditionally known for their role in transmitting signals from the extracellular environment to the cell's interior via the plasma membrane.However,emerging evidence suggests that GPCRs are also localized on mitochondria,where they play critical roles in modulating mitochondrial functions.These mitochondrial GPCRs(mGPCRs)can influence processes such as mitochondrial respi-ration,apoptosis,and reactive oxygen species(ROS)production.By interacting with mitochondrial signaling pathways,mGPCRs contribute to the regulation of energy metabolism and cell survival.Their presence on mitochondria adds a new layer of complexity to the understanding of cellular signaling,highlighting the organelle's role as not just an energy powerhouse but also a crucial hub for signal transduction.This expanding understanding of mGPCR function on mitochondria opens new avenues for research,particularly in the context of diseases where mitochondrial dysfunction plays a key role.Ab-normalities in the phase conductance pathway of GPCRs located on mitochondria are closely associated with the development of systemic diseases such as cardiovascular disease,diabetes,obesity and Alz-heimer's disease.In this review,we examined the various types of GPCRs identified on mitochondrial membranes and analyzed the complex relationships between mGPCRs and the pathogenesis of various diseases.We aim to provide a clearer understanding of the emerging significance of mGPCRs in health and disease,and to underscore their potential as therapeutic targets in the treatment of these conditions.

Background and Aims:Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(ICC)is a highly malignant liver tumor,with an increasing incidence worldwide,particularly in Asia.Although radical surgical resection is currently the only potentially curative treatment,the high recurrence rate and low postoperative overall survival(OS)rate of ICC remain major clinical challenges.Adjuvant therapy(AT)and neoadjuvant therapy(NAT)are important strategies to reduce postoperative recurrence and prolong OS.Several studies have shown certain efficacy of these treatments.However,the specific efficacy and safety of combined NAT and AT in ICC treatment require further validation.This study was conducted to evaluate the value of combining NAT and AT in improving the therapeutic outcomes of ICC patients through a multicenter retrospective analysis,so as to provide scientific evidence for optimizing treatment strategies.Methods:The clinicopathologic data of 576 patients with ICC who underwent radical resection and were pathologically confirmed from 13 hospitals in China between December 2011 and December 2017 were retrospectively collected.Patients were grouped based on their treatment modality:NAT+AT group,AT group,and non-NAT/AT group.The three patient groups were matched pairwise in a 1∶1 ratio using propensity score matching(PSM)to balance baseline data.The Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze OS and disease-free survival(DFS),and subgroup analyses were conducted according to the 8th edition of the AJCC TNM staging system.Results:A total of 395 ICC patients were included in the final analysis,with 42 patients(10.6%)in the NAT+AT group,62 patients(15.7%)in the AT group,and 291 patients(73.7%)in the non-NAT/AT group.Before PSM,significant differences were observed between groups in terms of CA19-9,liver function Child-Pugh classification,intraoperative blood loss,surgical margin,differentiation grade,vascular invasion,ECOG score,and lymph node dissection ratio(all P<0.05).After PSM,there were no significant differences in baseline characteristics between the groups(all P>0.05).After matching,the median OS and DFS in the NAT+AT group were significantly better than in the AT and non-NAT/AT groups(both P<0.05),while there were no significant differences in OS and DFS between the AT and non-NAT/AT groups(both P>0.05).Subgroup analysis showed that in TNM stage I patients,DFS in the NAT+AT group was significantly better than in the non-NAT/AT group(P<0.05),but OS was not significantly different(P>0.05).In TNM stage Ⅱ and Ⅲ patients,both OS and DFS in the NAT+AT and AT groups were significantly better than in the non-NAT/AT group(both P<0.05),and DFS in the NAT+AT group was significantly better than in the AT group in TNM stage Ⅲ patients(P<0.05).Conclusion:NAT combined with AT provides better survival benefits for patients with locally advanced ICC,but its benefit for early-stage ICC patients is limited.However,the retrospective design and sample size limitations of this study may affect the stability of the results,and future large-sample,multicenter,prospective studies are needed for further validation.

Objective:To investigate the clinical effectiveness of Du Meridian moxibustion combined with brisk walking on negative symptoms, cognitive function, and social function in patients with stable schizophrenia, aiming to provide a feasible adjunctive treatment for clinical practice.Methods:A randomized controlled trial was conducted using convenience sampling to recruit 140 patients with stable schizophrenia hospitalized at the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from April 1, 2023, to March 31, 2024. Patients were randomly assigned to a control group, Du Meridian moxibustion group, brisk walking group, or combined group, with 35 patients in each group. The control group received standard care. On this basis, the Du Meridian moxibustion group received moxibustion on the Du Meridian, the brisk walking group participated in slow walking exercises, and the combined group received both interventions for 12 weeks. Assessments were conducted at baseline, at 6 and 12 weeks during the intervention, and at 12 weeks post-intervention using the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms, Mini-Mental State Examination, and Social Functioning Scale for Inpatient Psychiatric Patients.Results:A total of 134 patients completed the study: control group ( n = 34), Du Meridian moxibustion group ( n = 34), brisk walking group ( n = 35), and combined group ( n = 31). The combined group demonstrated significantly lower SANS scores at the 12th week of intervention (49.71 ± 4.66) and at 12 weeks post-intervention (53.45 ± 5.34) compared to the Du Meridian moxibustion group (54.91 ± 4.79) and (59.56 ± 5.84), the brisk walking group (56.69 ± 5.59) and (58.51 ± 5.42), control group (65.71 ± 4.95) and (66.21 ± 4.33), with statistically significant differences ( t values were 3.81-13.37, all P<0.05). Regarding cognitive function, the MMSE scores in the combined group at the 12th week of intervention (28.23 ± 1.28) and at 12 weeks post-intervention (27.35 ± 1.76) were higher than those in the Du Meridian moxibustion group (26.79 ± 1.85) and (25.59 ± 2.27) and the brisk walking group (25.88 ± 2.23) and (25.43 ± 1.84), control group (23.65 ± 2.17) and (22.32 ± 2.14), with statistically significant differences ( t values were - 10.28 to - 3.48, all P<0.001). For social function, the SSPI scores in the combined group at the 12th week of intervention (35.71 ± 3.63) and at 12 weeks post-intervention (32.58 ± 3.71) were also significantly higher than those in the Du Meridian moxibustion group (32.21 ± 3.91) and (28.47 ± 3.70) and the brisk walking group (31.83 ± 3.54) and (30.31 ± 3.59), control group (24.53 ± 4.12) and (24.15 ± 3.50) with statistically significant differences ( t values were - 11.56 to - 2.52, all P<0.05). Conclusions:The combination of Du Meridian moxibustion and brisk walking is an effective adjunctive intervention for patients with stable schizophrenia, as it significantly reduces negative symptoms, enhances cognitive function, and improves social functioning.

This article analyzes the shortcomings of the traditional administrative ward rounds model in public hospitals and explores the innovative use of the comprehensive ward rounds model as an important tool to strengthen the party's comprehen-sive leadership over public hospitals and promote high-quality hospital development.By optimizing organizational leadership and selecting appropriate ward round targets,optimizing content indicators and designing scientific processes,optimizing information feedback and timely tracking and supervising,and optimizing evaluation and assessment while emphasizing the use of results,the comprehensive ward rounds model aims to address key and challenging issues that affect the medical experience of the people and the sustainable development of hospitals.It aims to break down the barriers to cross-organizational and cross-level business collab-oration,further improve the modern management system of hospitals,support the optimization and strengthening of departments,fundamentally enhance the quality of medical services,and empower the high-quality development of hospitals.

Background and Aims:Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(ICC)is a highly malignant liver tumor,with an increasing incidence worldwide,particularly in Asia.Although radical surgical resection is currently the only potentially curative treatment,the high recurrence rate and low postoperative overall survival(OS)rate of ICC remain major clinical challenges.Adjuvant therapy(AT)and neoadjuvant therapy(NAT)are important strategies to reduce postoperative recurrence and prolong OS.Several studies have shown certain efficacy of these treatments.However,the specific efficacy and safety of combined NAT and AT in ICC treatment require further validation.This study was conducted to evaluate the value of combining NAT and AT in improving the therapeutic outcomes of ICC patients through a multicenter retrospective analysis,so as to provide scientific evidence for optimizing treatment strategies.Methods:The clinicopathologic data of 576 patients with ICC who underwent radical resection and were pathologically confirmed from 13 hospitals in China between December 2011 and December 2017 were retrospectively collected.Patients were grouped based on their treatment modality:NAT+AT group,AT group,and non-NAT/AT group.The three patient groups were matched pairwise in a 1∶1 ratio using propensity score matching(PSM)to balance baseline data.The Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze OS and disease-free survival(DFS),and subgroup analyses were conducted according to the 8th edition of the AJCC TNM staging system.Results:A total of 395 ICC patients were included in the final analysis,with 42 patients(10.6%)in the NAT+AT group,62 patients(15.7%)in the AT group,and 291 patients(73.7%)in the non-NAT/AT group.Before PSM,significant differences were observed between groups in terms of CA19-9,liver function Child-Pugh classification,intraoperative blood loss,surgical margin,differentiation grade,vascular invasion,ECOG score,and lymph node dissection ratio(all P<0.05).After PSM,there were no significant differences in baseline characteristics between the groups(all P>0.05).After matching,the median OS and DFS in the NAT+AT group were significantly better than in the AT and non-NAT/AT groups(both P<0.05),while there were no significant differences in OS and DFS between the AT and non-NAT/AT groups(both P>0.05).Subgroup analysis showed that in TNM stage I patients,DFS in the NAT+AT group was significantly better than in the non-NAT/AT group(P<0.05),but OS was not significantly different(P>0.05).In TNM stage Ⅱ and Ⅲ patients,both OS and DFS in the NAT+AT and AT groups were significantly better than in the non-NAT/AT group(both P<0.05),and DFS in the NAT+AT group was significantly better than in the AT group in TNM stage Ⅲ patients(P<0.05).Conclusion:NAT combined with AT provides better survival benefits for patients with locally advanced ICC,but its benefit for early-stage ICC patients is limited.However,the retrospective design and sample size limitations of this study may affect the stability of the results,and future large-sample,multicenter,prospective studies are needed for further validation.

Objective:To investigate the clinical effectiveness of Du Meridian moxibustion combined with brisk walking on negative symptoms, cognitive function, and social function in patients with stable schizophrenia, aiming to provide a feasible adjunctive treatment for clinical practice.Methods:A randomized controlled trial was conducted using convenience sampling to recruit 140 patients with stable schizophrenia hospitalized at the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from April 1, 2023, to March 31, 2024. Patients were randomly assigned to a control group, Du Meridian moxibustion group, brisk walking group, or combined group, with 35 patients in each group. The control group received standard care. On this basis, the Du Meridian moxibustion group received moxibustion on the Du Meridian, the brisk walking group participated in slow walking exercises, and the combined group received both interventions for 12 weeks. Assessments were conducted at baseline, at 6 and 12 weeks during the intervention, and at 12 weeks post-intervention using the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms, Mini-Mental State Examination, and Social Functioning Scale for Inpatient Psychiatric Patients.Results:A total of 134 patients completed the study: control group ( n = 34), Du Meridian moxibustion group ( n = 34), brisk walking group ( n = 35), and combined group ( n = 31). The combined group demonstrated significantly lower SANS scores at the 12th week of intervention (49.71 ± 4.66) and at 12 weeks post-intervention (53.45 ± 5.34) compared to the Du Meridian moxibustion group (54.91 ± 4.79) and (59.56 ± 5.84), the brisk walking group (56.69 ± 5.59) and (58.51 ± 5.42), control group (65.71 ± 4.95) and (66.21 ± 4.33), with statistically significant differences ( t values were 3.81-13.37, all P<0.05). Regarding cognitive function, the MMSE scores in the combined group at the 12th week of intervention (28.23 ± 1.28) and at 12 weeks post-intervention (27.35 ± 1.76) were higher than those in the Du Meridian moxibustion group (26.79 ± 1.85) and (25.59 ± 2.27) and the brisk walking group (25.88 ± 2.23) and (25.43 ± 1.84), control group (23.65 ± 2.17) and (22.32 ± 2.14), with statistically significant differences ( t values were - 10.28 to - 3.48, all P<0.001). For social function, the SSPI scores in the combined group at the 12th week of intervention (35.71 ± 3.63) and at 12 weeks post-intervention (32.58 ± 3.71) were also significantly higher than those in the Du Meridian moxibustion group (32.21 ± 3.91) and (28.47 ± 3.70) and the brisk walking group (31.83 ± 3.54) and (30.31 ± 3.59), control group (24.53 ± 4.12) and (24.15 ± 3.50) with statistically significant differences ( t values were - 11.56 to - 2.52, all P<0.05). Conclusions:The combination of Du Meridian moxibustion and brisk walking is an effective adjunctive intervention for patients with stable schizophrenia, as it significantly reduces negative symptoms, enhances cognitive function, and improves social functioning.

This article analyzes the shortcomings of the traditional administrative ward rounds model in public hospitals and explores the innovative use of the comprehensive ward rounds model as an important tool to strengthen the party's comprehen-sive leadership over public hospitals and promote high-quality hospital development.By optimizing organizational leadership and selecting appropriate ward round targets,optimizing content indicators and designing scientific processes,optimizing information feedback and timely tracking and supervising,and optimizing evaluation and assessment while emphasizing the use of results,the comprehensive ward rounds model aims to address key and challenging issues that affect the medical experience of the people and the sustainable development of hospitals.It aims to break down the barriers to cross-organizational and cross-level business collab-oration,further improve the modern management system of hospitals,support the optimization and strengthening of departments,fundamentally enhance the quality of medical services,and empower the high-quality development of hospitals.

Background/Aims: Previous studies have shown that diet and physical activity can influence constipation. However, the combined effect of diet and physical activity on constipation remains unclear. Methods: Constipation was defined based on stool consistency and frequency, while overall diet quality was assessed using Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015 scores. Participants were categorized into low (metabolic equivalent [MET]-min/wk < 500) and high physical activitygroups (MET-min/wk ≥ 500). The association between diet and constipation across physical activity groups was analyzed using surveylogistic regression and restricted cubic splines. Results: Higher HEI-2015 scores were associated with reduced constipation risk in the high physical activity group when constipation was defined by stool consistency (odds ratio [OR], 0.98; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.97-0.99). However, in the low physical activity group, increased HEI-2015 scores did not significantly affect constipation risk (OR, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.97-1.05). Similar results were found when constipation was defined based on stool frequency. In the high physical activity group, increased HEI-2015 scores were significantly associated with a reduced constipation risk (OR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.94-0.98). Conversely, in the low physical activity group, increased HEI-2015 scores did not affect the risk of constipation (OR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.90-1.03). Conclusions Our findings suggest that a higher HEI-2015 score is negatively associated with constipation among individuals with high physical activity levels but not among those with low physical activity levels. This association was consistent when different definitions of constipation were used. These results highlight the importance of combining healthy diet with regular physical activity to alleviate constipation.

Objective To analyze the current patient satisfaction levels and their influencing factors from the perspective of medical experience in private rehabilitation hospitals in Chongqing.This analysis aimed to provide references for these hospitals to improve the quality of medical services.Methods A questionnaire survey of 467 inpatients from three private rehabilitation hospitals in Chongqing was conducted,using convenience sampling.The x2 test and logistic regression analysis were used to i-dentify factors influencing patient satisfaction.Results The overall satisfaction rate of inpatient care was 78.6％,with an aver-age satisfaction score of 3.84±0.52.The complaint and advice service scored the higher,while logistics and environmental serv-ice and rehabilitation treatment service were assessed with lower scores.Regression analysis showed that the per capita monthly household income ranged between 2 001 and 4 000 yuan(OR=0.221,95％CI:0.077-0.635),and between 4 001 and 6 000 yuan(OR=0.296,95％CI:0.125-0.700).Additionally,out-of-pocket payment(OR=4.198,95％CI:1.035-17.027),and others payment methods,including commercial insurance(OR=9.591,95％CI:1.767-52.049)were identified as influential factors.Conclusion Inpatients'overall satisfaction with their medical experience is acceptable,but still has considerable room for improvement.It is recommended that a multidimensional approach be adopted to improve patient satisfaction.