Objective To explore the safety of Yttrium-90 resin microsphere selective internal radiation therapy (⁹⁰Y-SIRT) on malignant liver tumors. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 64 patients with malignant liver tumors who underwent ⁹⁰Y-SIRT from February 2023 to November 2024 at Weifang People’s Hospital. The clinical characteristics of the patients and the occurrence of adverse reactions after treatment were analyzed to assess the safety of ⁹⁰Y-SIRT. Results Among the 64 patients, there were 52 males (81.25%) and 12 females (18.75%); the average age was (56.29±11.08) years. Seven patients (10.94%) had tumors with maximum diameter of less than 5 cm, 38 patients (59.38%) had tumors with maximum diameter of 5-10 cm, and 19 patients (29.68%) had tumors with maximum diameter of greater than 10 cm. There were 47 cases (73.44%) of solitary lesions and 17 cases (26.56%) of multiple lesions; 53 cases (82.81%) were primary liver cancers and 11 cases (17.19%) were metastatic liver cancers. Of the 64 patients, 63 successfully completed the Technetium-99m macroaggregated albumin (^99mTc-MAA) perfusion test and received the ⁹⁰Y-SIRT; one patient received ⁹⁰Y-SIRT after the second ^99mTc-MAA perfusion test due to a work error. The most common adverse reactions included grade 1 alanine aminotransferase (ALT) elevation in 26 cases (40.62%) and grade 2 in 2 cases (9.37%), grade 1 aspartate aminotransferase (AST) elevation in 27 cases (42.18%) and grade 2 in 7 cases (10.93%); grade 1 nausea in 17 cases (26.56%) and grade 2 in 6 cases (9.37%); grade 1 abdominal pain in 12 cases (18.75%), grade 2 in 5 cases (7.81%), and grade 3 in 1 case (1.56%); grade 1 vomiting in 11 cases (17.18%), grade 2 in 5 cases (7.81%), and grade 3 in 1 case (1.56%). Conclusion The adverse reactions of ⁹⁰Y-SIRT for treating malignant liver tumors are mild, indicating good safety.

Ferroptosis of chondrocytes is a significant contributor to osteoarthritis (OA), for which there is still a lack of safe and effective therapeutic drugs targeting ferroptosis. Here, we screen for anti-ferroptotic drugs in Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drug library via a high-throughput manner in chondrocytes. We identified a group of FDA-approved anti-ferroptotic drugs, among which vitamin K showed the most powerful protective effect. Further study demonstrated that vitamin K effectively inhibited ferroptosis and alleviated the extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation in chondrocytes. Intra-articular injection of vitamin K inhibited ferroptosis and alleviated OA phenotype in destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) mouse model. Mechanistically, transcriptome sequencing and knockdown experiments revealed that the anti-ferroptotic effects of vitamin K depended on growth arrest-specific 6 (Gas6). Furthermore, exogenous expression of Gas6 was found to inhibit ferroptosis through the AXL receptor tyrosine kinase (AXL)/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT serine/threonine kinase (AKT) axis. Together, we demonstrate that vitamin K inhibits ferroptosis and alleviates OA progression via enhancing Gas6 expression and its downstream pathway of AXL/PI3K/AKT axis, indicating vitamin K as well as Gas6 to serve as a potential therapeutic target for OA and other ferroptosis-related diseases.

Bone growth and development is a major determinant of height.Height development in children is the result of the proliferation and endochondral ossification of growth plate chondrocytes located at the ends of long bones and vertebrae.Short stature，also known as dwarfism，means that a child's height is less than two standard deviations of the normal interval for children of the same race，region，and sex，or below the 3rd percentile of the normal child growth curve，which is a common problem in pediatric endocrinology.A variety of physiological regulatory pathways involving growth plate and long bone development have been reported，and related gene defects may be the key mechanisms leading to growth disorders and abnormal skeletal development in children.The ACAN gene，which is associated with osteochondral dysplasia，has garnered widespread attention from numerous scholars in recent years.This article reviews the genetic etiology，clinical phenotype，treatment and management of short stature caused by ACAN gene mutation in children.

Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection triggers gastric mucosal inflammatory responses and spasmolytic polypeptide-expressing metaplasia(SPEM).These pathological conditions can escalate the severity of chronic gas-tritis,gastric ulcers and even cause gastric cancer.SPEM is frequently viewed as an early sign of gastric mucosal injury and the onset of carcinogenesis.A comprehensive analysis of the genesis and molecular regulation of SPEM cells in the context of H.pylori infection further has enlightened the pathogenesis of gastric mucosal diseases and provide new ideas and targets for diagnosing and treatment of H.pylori-related gastric mucosal diseases.This paper reviews a variety of molecular biomarkers associated with SPEM,encompassing TFF2,CD44v9,and AQP5,and delineates their pivotal regulatory functions in H.pylori infection and SPEM.This paper also reviews the origination of SPEM cells and pertinent molecular regulatory mechanisms.

Autoimmune paranodopathy (APN) has emerged as an independent rare disease,which is medicated by autoimmune antibodies against the essential complex of paranodal region of Ranvier. The antibodies include anti-neurofascin 155 antibody, anti-contactin-1 antibody and anti-contactin-associated protein 1 antibody. Although there are many similarities between APN and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP), patients with APN have relatively unique clinical features, pathogenesis, histopathological results and responses to intravenous immune globulin, distinguishing from typical CIDP. The predominant subclass of IgG among pathogenic antibodies is IgG4, meanwhile, other subclasses have been rarely reported. Early detecting the APN related antibodies and their subclasses not only helps to clarify the diagnosis, but also provides valuable clinical information for the selection of precise treatment and prognosis.

【Objective】 To investigate the development of adaptability in children aged 2 - 6, and to explore its influencing factors, so as to provide reference for promoting the development of adaptability in young children. 【Methods】 Data were from the National Nutrition and Health Systematic Survey for Children in China, and 3 319 children aged 2 - 6 and their parents from 28 sites across 14 provinces were recruited in this study.The Development Scale for Children Aged 0 - 6 years (WS/T 580-2017) was used to measure the developmental quotient of children′s adaptive ability, and a survey questionnaire was used to collect relevant information about children and their parents. 【Results】 Among 3 319 children aged 2 - 6, the proportion of slightly low or low level of adaptability, moderate adaptability development, good and excellent adaptability development was 7.68%,66.25% and 26.06%, respectively.The proportion of children aged 5 - 6 with good and excellent adaptability was lower in 3-year-old and 4-year-old groups (χ²=59.29, P<0.05).Multiple stepwise linear regression showed that children′s gender (β=0.06), gestational age of birth (β=-0.05), only child (β=-0.04), left-behind child (β=-0.04), the main caregiver (β=-0.06), and the education level of parents (β=0.09, 0.10), whether parents actively pay attention to children′s emotions (β=-0.06) and whether children play with homemade toys (β=-0.04) were the influencing factors of children′s adaptive development quotient.Girls, full-term children, only children, non-left-behind children, children with parents as main caregivers, parents with a high level of education, parents who often take the initiative to pay attention to children′s emotions, and children who play with homemade toys had a higher level of adaptability development quotient. 【Conclusions】 The development level of adaptability in children aged 2 - 6 in China is mostly above the average level and is related to multiple factors.Targeted intervention work can be carried out on relevant factors in order to promote the development of children′s adaptability.

TCM believes that spleen deficiency is the root cause of emotional abnormalities in chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), and clinical treatment often involves the heart, liver and kidney. TCM therapy has a significant efficacy in CFS emotional abnormalities. It is mostly treated with oral administration of TCM, acupuncture, moxibustion and massage therapy. It may play a therapeutic role by improving oxidative stress and immune inflammation, regulating nerve-endocrine, controlling energy metabolism and other ways. It is suggested to establish the syndrome differentiation standard of CFS emotional abnormality in the future, so as to improve the accuracy of syndrome differentiation and treatment; form a perfect treatment guide or expert consensus to guide the standardized application of various internal and external treatment methods; explore objective indicators based on the pathogenesis, and focus on the morphological and functional changes of disease target brain regions with the help of neuroimaging techniques, so as to improve the diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of CFS; based on the guidance of TCM theory, improve the CFS emotional abnormal animal modeling method.

ObjectiveTo prepare a rat model of heart failure after myocardial infarction by ligation of the anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery， and to observe the effect of Shenfu Yixin granules on the mitochondrial dynamics of rats with heart failure. MethodFifty SD male rats were randomly taken ten as the sham operation group and the rest as modeling group. The rat model of heart failure after myocardial infarction was prepared by ligation of anterior descending branch of left coronary artery. According to the left ventricular ejection fraction（LVEF） on the 28^th day after operation， the model rats were randomly divided into the model group， Shenfu Yixin granule low-dose and high-dose groups（3.011， 15.055 g·kg^-1） and sacubitril valsartan sodium group（20.83 mg·kg^-1）. Each administration group was gavaged daily with the corresponding dose of drug solution， while the sham operation group and model group were given the same amount of normal saline once a day for 28 days， with 6 rats in each group. Ultrasound was used to detect the cardiac function parameters， rat heart mass and body mass were weighed to calculate the cardiac mass index， enzyme linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA） was used to detect serum brain natriuretic peptide（BNP） and soluble growth stimulation expressed gene 2 protein（sST2） levels. Hematoxylin-eosin（HE） staining was used to observe the pathological morphology of the myocardium. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction（Real-time PCR） and Western blot were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression of mitochondrial fusion protein 1/2（Mfn1/2）， optic atrophy protein 1（Opa1）， dynamin-related protein 1（Drp1） and fission protein 1（Fis1）. ResultCompared with the sham operation group， the mRNA and protein expression of LVEF， Mfn1， Mfn2， Opal in the model group decreased（P<0.05）， while BNP， sST2， cardiac mass index， Drp1， Fis1 mRNA and protein levels increased（P<0.05）. Compared with the model group， the expression of LVEF， Mfn1， Mfn2， Opal mRNA and protein increased in Shenfu Yixin granule high-dose and sacubitril valsartan sodium groups（P<0.05）， while BNP， sST2， cardiac mass index， Drp1， Fis1 mRNA and protein levels decreased（P<0.05）. Pathological observation showed that compared with the sham operation group， the model group had disordered arrangement of myocardial cells， inflammatory cell infiltration and myocardial fibrosis. Compared with the model group， the degree of inflammatory cell infiltration， myocardial or interstitial fibrosis was improved and alleviated in all administered groups. ConclusionShenfu Yixin granules can resist heart failure， reduce cardiac mass index， decrease BNP and sST2 contents， and improve cardiac function. Its mechanism may be related to the adjustment of mitochondrial dynamics.

Corneal lymphangiogenesis plays a crucial role in ocular diseases. Normally, the cornea lacks blood vessels and lymph vessels, which are essential for maintaining transparency and function of cornea. However, certain diseases or injuries will prompt angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis in cornea, thus disrupting the structure and function of cornea. Although various drugs targeting corneal angiogenesis have been applied in clinical practice, there is still a gap in medications targeting corneal lymphangiogenesis. Therefore, this review will introduce the factors related to corneal lymphangiogenesis, introduce related ocular diseases, and analyze the current treatment status, which will provide more options and possibilities for the treatment of lymphangiogenesis in ocular diseases and provide guidance for future research and drug development.

Objective To investigate the protective effects of melatonin(MT)on early embryo in vitro development of mice after exposure to benzophenone-3(BP-3).Methods Fertilized mouse oocytes at the synge-neic stage were cultured in KSOM culture medium,0.8 μmol/L BP-3 culture medium,and 1×10-7 mol/L MT + 0.8 μmol/L BP-3 mixed culture medium,respectively.The rescue effect of MT on the early embryos developmental potential of BP-3-exposed mice in vitro was explored by detecting the blastocyst rate,gene transcription level,protein expression level,and the degree of DNA damage in the three groups of embryos.Results MT improved the developmental potential of mouse embryos exposed to BP-3 in vitro.Compared with the control group,MT treatment significantly increased the protein expression of ATP5A and ATP5B and decreased the DNA damage(P<0.05).Furthermore,the transcription levels of antioxidant gene Gpx1 and pluripotency related genes Pou5f1 and Cdx2 were significantly up-regulated in MT-treated blastocysts,and the expression of pro-apoptotic gene Bax was decreased.Compared with the control group,BP-3 treatment enhanced the signal intensity of γ-H2AX in blastocysts(P<0.05),while adding MT could effectively alleviate DSBs(P<0.05).Conclusion The physiological concentration of BP-3 exposure has reproductive toxicity,but the addition of appropriate con-centration of MT could significantly improve the in vitro developmental potential and quality of BP-3-exposed early embryos.