Objective:To analyze the research trends and hotspots of bupivacaine liposomes from 1994 to 2023 using bibliometrics.Methods:A comprehensive search was conducted for the literature related to bupivacaine liposomes in the Web of Science Core Collection from 1994 to 2023. The CiteSpace software was used to conduct an in-depth analysis of the included literature data, including publication year, country, institution, author, journal, cited references, keywords, etc.Results:A total of 875 papers related to bupivacaine liposomes were included. The research and development of bupivacaine liposomes were divided into 3 stages: slow development (1994-2011), a sharp rise (2011-2021), and stabilization (2021-2023). The United States was in a leading position in terms of the number of publications, centrality, and author cooperation, and Harvard University had the largest number of publications. de Paula E had the most publications, Bramlett K had the highest number of citations, and Boogaerts J had the highest centrality of publications. Journals such as Anesthesia and Analgesia made significant contributions to this field. The most cited references focused on the infiltration of wounds and the periprosthetic injection of bupivacaine liposomes. The keyword analysis showed that local anesthetics, postoperative pain, etc. were commonly used keywords, and enhanced recovery after surgery was an emerging hotspot. Conclusions:Bupivacaine liposomes show good application prospects in the field of peripheral nerve block due to their unique pharmacological properties and safety characteristics and are expected to prolong the duration of postoperative analgesia. However, there is a difference between the actual effect and the expectation, and more clinical trials are needed to evaluate the curative effect, providing a more solid and reliable theoretical basis and practical guidance for clinical practice.

Objective:To analyze the research trends and hotspots of bupivacaine liposomes from 1994 to 2023 using bibliometrics.Methods:A comprehensive search was conducted for the literature related to bupivacaine liposomes in the Web of Science Core Collection from 1994 to 2023. The CiteSpace software was used to conduct an in-depth analysis of the included literature data, including publication year, country, institution, author, journal, cited references, keywords, etc.Results:A total of 875 papers related to bupivacaine liposomes were included. The research and development of bupivacaine liposomes were divided into 3 stages: slow development (1994-2011), a sharp rise (2011-2021), and stabilization (2021-2023). The United States was in a leading position in terms of the number of publications, centrality, and author cooperation, and Harvard University had the largest number of publications. de Paula E had the most publications, Bramlett K had the highest number of citations, and Boogaerts J had the highest centrality of publications. Journals such as Anesthesia and Analgesia made significant contributions to this field. The most cited references focused on the infiltration of wounds and the periprosthetic injection of bupivacaine liposomes. The keyword analysis showed that local anesthetics, postoperative pain, etc. were commonly used keywords, and enhanced recovery after surgery was an emerging hotspot. Conclusions:Bupivacaine liposomes show good application prospects in the field of peripheral nerve block due to their unique pharmacological properties and safety characteristics and are expected to prolong the duration of postoperative analgesia. However, there is a difference between the actual effect and the expectation, and more clinical trials are needed to evaluate the curative effect, providing a more solid and reliable theoretical basis and practical guidance for clinical practice.

BACKGROUND: In China, lung cancer remains the cancer with the highest incidence and mortality rate. Among early-stage lung adenocarcinomas (LUAD), the micropapillary (MPP) component is prevalent and typically exhibits high aggressiveness, significantly correlating with early metastasis, lymphatic infiltration, and reduced five-year survival rates. Therefore, the study is to explore the similarities and differences between MPP and non-micropapillary (non-MPP) components in malignant pulmonary nodules characterized by GGOs in early-stage LUAD, identify unique mutational features of the MPP component and analyze the relationship between the ZNF469 gene, a member of the zinc-finger protein family, and the prognosis of early-stage LUAD, as well as its correlation with immune infiltration. METHODS: A total of 31 malignant pulmonary nodules of LUAD were collected and dissected into paired MPP and non-MPP components using microdissection. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed on the components of early-stage malignant pulmonary nodules. Mutational signatures analysis was conducted using R packages such as maftools, Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (NMF), and Sigminer to unveil the genomic mutational characteristics unique to MPP components in invasive LUAD compared to other tumor tissues. Furthermore, we explored the expression of the ZNF469 gene in LUAD using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database to investigate its potential association with the prognosis. We also investigated gene interaction networks and signaling pathways related to ZNF469 in LUAD using the GeneMANIA database and conducted Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis. Lastly, we analyzed the correlation between ZNF469 gene expression and levels of immune cell infiltration in LUAD using the TIMER and TISIDB databases. RESULTS: MPP components exhibited a higher number of genomic variations, particularly the 13th COSMIC (Catalogue of Somatic Mutations in Cancer) mutational signature characterized by the activity of the cytidine deaminase APOBEC family, which was unique to MPP components compared to non-MPP components in tumor tissues. This suggests the potential involvement of APOBEC in the progression of MPP components in early-stage LUAD. Additionally, MPP samples with high similarity to APOBEC signature displayed a higher tumor mutational burden (TMB), indicating that these patients may be more likely to benefit from immunotherapy. The expression of ZNF469 was significantly upregulated in LUAD compared to normal tissue, and was associated with poor prognosis in LUAD patients (P<0.05). Gene interaction network analysis and GO/KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that COL6A1, COL1A1, COL1A2, TGFB2, MMP2, COL8A2 and C2CD4C interacted with ZNF469 and were mainly involved in encoding collagen proteins and participating in the constitution of extracellular matrix. ZNF469 expression was positively correlated with immune cell infiltration in LUAD (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The study has unveiled distinctive mutational signatures in the MPP components of early-stage invasive LUAD in the Asian population. Furthermore, we have identified that the elevated expression of mutated ZNF469 impacts the prognosis and immune infiltration in LUAD, suggesting its potential as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in LUAD.
Humans ; Lung Neoplasms/genetics* ; Adenocarcinoma of Lung/genetics* ; China ; Prognosis ; Transcription Factors

Objective:To investigate the role of Pink1/Parkin-induced mitophagy in acute lung injury of exertional heat stroke rats.Methods:Sixty SD rats were randomly divided into four groups, including normal group (CON group), normal Parkin overexpression group (CON+Parkin group), heat stroke group (EHS group) and heat stroke Parkin overexpression group (EHS+Parkin group), with fifteen rats in each group. The rat model of exertional heat stroke was established and the survival curve was drawn. Pulmonary coefficient and pulmonary capillary permeability were detected. HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of lung tissue. ELISA was used to detect the contents of IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α and ROS in lung tissue; immunohistochemistry was used to observe apoptosis in lung tissue; Western blot was used to determine the expression of Pink1, Parkin, P62 and LC3 in rat lung tissue, and the LC3II/LC3I ratio was calculated. Single factor multi-level group comparison was performed by single factor analysis of variance, SNK-q method was used to further pairwise comparison between groups.Results:Compared with the normal group, the survival rate of EHS group was decreased ( P<0.001), lung coefficient and pulmonary vascular permeability were increased [(4.39±0.42), (33.38±8.29) μg/g, P<0.05)], lung tissue was exudative and solid, the levels of inflammatory factors IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α and ROS were significantly increased[(34.31±5.34) pg/mL, (34.03±4.78) pg/mL, (91.64±8.16) pg/mL, (259.01±89.17) U/mg, P<0.05)], and apoptosis was increased. Western and immunohistochemistry results showed that the expressions of Pink1 and Parkin were decreased, co-location of Pink1and Parkin was attenuated, LC3II/LC3I were decreased, and P62 expression was increased. Compared with the EHS group, the survival rate of EHS+Parkin group was significantly increased ( P<0.05), lung coefficient and pulmonary vascular permeability were decreased [(3.83±0.62), (22.49±7.90) μg/g, P<0.05)], exudation and consolidation and other pathological changes were significantly reduced, and the levels of the above inflammatory factors and ROS were significantly decreased [(14.09±3.24) pg/mL, (26.94±2.11) pg/mL、(63.35±11.62) pg/mL, (161.13±26.31) U/mg, P<0.05]. Lung tissue apoptosis was reduced. The co-location of Pink1and Parkin、Parkin expression and LC3II/LC3I ratio were increased ( P<0.05), P62 expression was decreased( P<0.05), while Pink1 expression was not significant different (q=0.75). There was no difference between normal group and normal Parkin overexpression group (q=0.95). Conclusion:Activation of Pink1/Parkin-induced mitophagy can alleviate the acute lung injury in exertional heat stroke rats.

Objective To explore the efficacy and prognosis of robot-assisted percutaneous pedicle screw(PPS)in the treatment of thoracic and lumbar spine fracture.Methods A total of 84 patients with thoracolumbar fracture were selected from Xuzhou Renci Hospital from November 2018 to November 2022,and divided into study group(42 cases with robot-assisted PPS)and control group(42 cases with free-hand PPS)according to random number rank method.Perioperative indexes,nail placement accuracy,prognostic indexes(VAS score,Cobb Angle,relative height of anterior vertebra)and incidence of postoperative complications were compared between the two groups.Results Less intraoperative blood loss,shorter fluoroscopy time,fluoroscopy times,operative time,single nail placement time and radiation exposure time,and higher nail placement accuracy were observed in the study group(P<0.05).VAS score and Cobb Angle of the injured vertebrae were lower in the postoperative 3 d and the last follow-up,and the relative height of the injured vertebrae was higher than that before surgery in the two groups(P<0.05).Conclusion Robot-assisted PPS in the treatment of thoracolumbar fracture has a good application effect,which can shorten the operation time,reduce the intraoperative fluoroscopy times,improve the accuracy of nail placement,and have good safety.

Objective:To analyze the current status of anesthesiology research in the world and China in 2023 and to identify the anesthesiology research hotspots using bibliometrics.Methods:The literature related to anesthesiology published in PubMed in 2023 was searched, and the country and author of the literature, as well as the key words of the literature were visually analyzed by using the software CiteSpace6.2. R4.Results:A total of 22 473 articles were included, the country with the largest number of publications was the United States, and China ranked second. The author with the highest number of publications in the field of anesthesiology in the worldwide in 2023 was Kaye Alan D from the United States. Chronic pain, general anesthesia and pain management were the research hotspots in the field of anesthesiology worldwide in 2023. The research hotspots in the field of anesthesiology in China focused on general anesthesia, oxidative stress and neuropathic pain.Conclusions:The United States is the leader in the research in the field of anesthesiology, with China following behind. The keywords of the literature in the field of anesthesiology between China and the world are roughly the same, reflecting the convergence of Chinese scientific research with global scientific research. Domestic anaesthesia practitioners can refer to or learn from the research hotspots of related countries and strengthen communication and cooperation between teams while conducting academic research.

Objective To elucidate the regulatory effects of Glycerol Kinase(GLPK)on the inflammatory response induced by lipopolysaccharide(LPS)in mouse Raw264.7 macrophages.Methods Raw264.7 macrophages were cultured in vitro,and an inflammatory model was established through LPS induction.The transcriptional levels of inflammatory cytokines NF-κB,TNF-α,IL-6,and IL-1β were quantified using RT-qPCR.The expression and localization of GLPK were examined via Western blot and immunofluorescence.Additionally,Western blot analysis was employed to detect the levels of cellular pan-succinylation and H3K23su expression.ChIP-qPCR was utilized to assess the enrichment of H3K23su modification at the IL-10 promoter.The total reactive oxygen species production was measured using DCFH-DA probes,while mitochondrial ROS levels were determined with Mito-SOX probes.Mitochondrial membrane potential changes,indicative of mitochondrial dysfunction,were evaluated using JC-1 fluorescent probes.Furthermore,GLPK overexpression plasmids were transfected into cells to investigate the effects of GLPK on inflammatory responses,mitochondrial function,and epigenetic modifications.Results LPS treatment led to mitochondrial dysfunction,inflammatory responses exacerbation,succinylation modifications reduction,and GLPK protein expression decrease in Raw264.7 cells.Overexpression of GLPK in LPS-treated cells improved mitochondrial function and reduced the transcription of pro-inflammatory cytokines.ChIP-qPCR analysis revealed that GLPK overexpression could reverse the LPS-induced suppression of H3K23su modification at the IL-10 promoter,thereby attenuating the inflammatory response.Conclusion LPS mediates inflammatory responses in Raw264.7 macrophages through a GLPK-dependent H3K23 succinylation modification mechanism.

Objective To elucidate the regulatory effects of Glycerol Kinase(GLPK)on the inflammatory response induced by lipopolysaccharide(LPS)in mouse Raw264.7 macrophages.Methods Raw264.7 macrophages were cultured in vitro,and an inflammatory model was established through LPS induction.The transcriptional levels of inflammatory cytokines NF-κB,TNF-α,IL-6,and IL-1β were quantified using RT-qPCR.The expression and localization of GLPK were examined via Western blot and immunofluorescence.Additionally,Western blot analysis was employed to detect the levels of cellular pan-succinylation and H3K23su expression.ChIP-qPCR was utilized to assess the enrichment of H3K23su modification at the IL-10 promoter.The total reactive oxygen species production was measured using DCFH-DA probes,while mitochondrial ROS levels were determined with Mito-SOX probes.Mitochondrial membrane potential changes,indicative of mitochondrial dysfunction,were evaluated using JC-1 fluorescent probes.Furthermore,GLPK overexpression plasmids were transfected into cells to investigate the effects of GLPK on inflammatory responses,mitochondrial function,and epigenetic modifications.Results LPS treatment led to mitochondrial dysfunction,inflammatory responses exacerbation,succinylation modifications reduction,and GLPK protein expression decrease in Raw264.7 cells.Overexpression of GLPK in LPS-treated cells improved mitochondrial function and reduced the transcription of pro-inflammatory cytokines.ChIP-qPCR analysis revealed that GLPK overexpression could reverse the LPS-induced suppression of H3K23su modification at the IL-10 promoter,thereby attenuating the inflammatory response.Conclusion LPS mediates inflammatory responses in Raw264.7 macrophages through a GLPK-dependent H3K23 succinylation modification mechanism.

Objective:To investigate the conversion of low-energy CBCT images into high-energy CBCT images in clinical radiotherapy based on the deep learning method of U-Net network, in order to provide dual-energy CBCT images and reduce radiation dose.Methods:The CBCT image data of CIRS electron density phantom and CIRS head phantom at 80 and 140 kV were collected by the on-board CBCT in radiotherapy equipment. The dataset was divided into training set and test set according to 10∶1. The U-Net network was used to predict CBCT images at high energy (140 kV) from low-energy (80 kV) CBCT images. Four parameters, including mean absolute error (MAE), structural similarity index (SSIM), signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) were used to quantitatively evaluate predicted high-energy CBCT images.Results:The overall structural difference between the predicted high-energy image and the real high-energy image was smaller (SSIM: 0.993 ±0.003). The noise of predicted high-energy image was lower (SNR: 15.33±4.06), but there was a loss of inter-tissue resolution. Predicted high-energy images had slightly lower average CT values than real high-energy images, with less difference in low-density tissues (<10 HU, P > 0.05) and greater differences in high-density tissues (<21 HU, t = -7.92, P < 0.05). Conclusions:High-energy CBCT images with high structural similarity can be obtained from energy CBCT images by using deep learning method. The predicted high energy CBCT images have the potential to be applied to clinical dual-energy CBCT imaging technology in radiotherapy.

Cytomegalovirus hepatitis is a liver disease caused by human cytomegalovirus infection and is one of the most common liver diseases in children and immunocompromised individuals. This disease has no specific clinical manifestations and is easily confused with other types of viral hepatitis, which may lead to delayed treatment or mistreatment. Therefore, the early diagnosis of cytomegalovirus hepatitis is of vital importance, and patients should be given timely and effective treatment with appropriately selected antiviral drugs and course of treatment. This article reviews the recent research advances in the etiology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of cytomegalovirus hepatitis.