The academic thought of Professor GAO Shuzhong on acupuncture and moxibustion is investigated systematically and summarized as 5 aspects: establishing GAO 's theory and methodological method of "siguan santong" (four gates and three opens); structuring the theory of "yinyang, qi movement, ascending and descending" pivoted at the umbilicus; deepening the laws of "stereo-layered holographic correspondence in the human body"; proposing "the method of bi-location" of acupoint systems based on meridian and collateral theories; developing the characteristic differentiation theory of acupuncture and moxibustion. These summaries reflect the unique perspective and distinctive features of Professor GAO Shuzhong on the theory of acupuncture and moxibustion, and his clinical thinking; and bring the practical significance for the discipline and academic development of acupuncture and moxibustion.
Moxibustion/history* ; Humans ; China ; Acupuncture/education* ; Acupuncture Therapy/history* ; History, 20th Century

OBJECTIVE: To explore the possible mechanism by which the "Zhibian" (BL54) toward "Shuidao" (ST28) acupuncture improves ovarian function in mice with poor ovarian response (POR) by observing its effect on gut microbiota. METHODS: A total of 35 SPF-grade C57BL/6 female mice were screened for normal estrous cycles using vaginal smears, and 30 mice were selected. Ten mice were assigned to the blank group, while the remaining mice were used to establish the POR model by intragastric administration of tripterygium wilfordii suspension. The successfully modeled mice were randomly divided into a model group and an acupuncture group, with 10 mice in each group. After modeling, the acupuncture group received the "Zhibian" (BL54) toward "Shuidao" (ST28) acupuncture method once daily for 20 minutes per session. Ovulation induction began the day after the intervention, and samples were collected after ovulation induction. Vaginal cytology was used to observe estrous cycle changes, and the number of oocytes obtained, ovarian wet weight, and ovarian index were recorded. Serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol (E2), and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) were detected using ELISA. HE staining was used to observe ovarian histology. Gut microbiota was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing technology. Western blot was used to detect the relative protein expression levels of Occludin and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) in colonic tissue. Correlation analysis was conducted among serum hormone indexes, the number of oocytes obtained, ovarian index and gut microbiota. RESULTS: Compared with the blank group, the model group showed a higher estrous cycle disorder rate (P<0.01), increased serum FSH and LH levels, and a higher LH/FSH ratio (P<0.01), while the number of oocytes obtained, ovarian wet weight, ovarian index, and serum E2 and AMH levels were significantly reduced (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, the acupuncture group showed a lower estrous cycle disorder rate (P<0.01), decreased serum FSH and LH levels, and a lower LH/FSH ratio (P<0.01), along with an increased number of oocytes obtained, higher ovarian wet weight, ovarian index, and elevated serum AMH and E2 levels (P<0.01, P<0.05). The blank group had a large number of well-developed primordial follicles, with abundant and closely arranged follicles at various stages. In the model group, there was a significant increase in the number of atretic follicles, a reduction in the number of follicles at various stages, and loosely arranged ovarian tissue. Compared with the blank group, the model group showed a significant decrease in the number of normal follicles (P<0.01) and an increase in the number of atretic follicles (P<0.01). The acupuncture group showed a reduction in atretic follicles and an increase in the number of follicles at various stages compared with the model group, with a significant increase in normal follicles (P<0.01) and a decrease in atretic follicles (P<0.01). Compared with the blank group, the model group exhibited reduced gut microbiota diversity and richness, with significantly lower Chao1 and Shannon indices (P<0.01), and a greater clustering distance from the blank group. The model group also showed an increase in the relative abundance of Firmicutes_D, Verrucomicrobiota, Paramuribaculum, Dubosiella, and Muribaculum (P<0.01, P<0.05), while the relative abundance of Firmicutes_A and the relative protein expression of Occludin and ZO-1 in colonic tissue were decreased (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, the acupuncture group showed improved gut microbiota diversity and richness, with increased Chao1 and Shannon indices (P<0.05), and a clustering distance closer to the blank group. The acupuncture group exhibited reduced relative abundance of Firmicutes_D, Verrucomicrobiota, and Muribaculum (P<0.05, P<0.01), while the relative abundance of Firmicutes_A and the relative protein expression of Occludin and ZO-1 were significantly increased (P<0.01, P<0.05). Correlation analysis indicated a relationship between gut microbiota and serum hormone indicators, as well as the ovarian index. Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis showed that the metabolic pathways of the intersecting species were related to amino acid biosynthesis and nucleotide metabolism. CONCLUSION The "Zhibian" (BL54) toward "Shuidao" (ST28) acupuncture method improves ovarian function in POR mice, and its mechanism may be related to regulating gut microbiota structure and maintaining intestinal barrier homeostasis.
Animals ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Mice ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Humans ; Ovary/physiopathology* ; Acupuncture Points ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone/metabolism* ; Luteinizing Hormone/metabolism* ; Estrous Cycle ; Anti-Mullerian Hormone/blood*

Artificial intelligence has been a huge success and contributes to the workplace. In the digital era, the amount of data in clinical practice is increasing, which requires healthcare workers to integrate and interpret the various information generated during clinical work. With the help of artificial intelligence techniques, especially machine learning techniques, researchers in cardiovascular medicine have developed a variety of predictive models to improve the efficiency of clinical work and treatment outcomes. The types of machine learning models were introduced, and the current prediction models of cardiovascular diseases using machine learning technology were summarized. The purpose of this paper is to facilitate accurate diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases and to provide a clearer direction for future development of cardiovascular disease prediction models using machine learning techniques.

A composite nystagmus classification framework enhanced by dual attention mechanism is proposed to address the problem that the existing researches only identify whether nystagmus occurs in a horizontal,vertical,or axial direction,but fail to consider the issue of composite nystagmus composed of multiple directions with various intensities in clinical practice.A spatiotemporal concentration algorithm for nystagmus videos is presented,and it combines convolutional neural networks and Hough transform to remove interference from invalid frames and regions and to improve the quality of nystagmus videos.Then,a dense optical flow algorithm is used to extract the optical flow field of eye movement.Finally,a composite nystagmus classification network based on dual attention mechanism enhancement is constructed.An improved efficient channel attention module is used to effectively obtain the direction and intensity of nystagmus in different channels of the optical flow map;and a temporal attention module is added at the end of the bidirectional long short-term memory network to achieve significant expression of classification results based on different temporal features.On the nystagmus dataset provided by the cooperating hospital,the proposed method has an accuracy rate of 83.17%for composite nystagmus classification,and achieved accuracy rates of 91.03%,89.74%,and 86.05%for individual horizontal,vertical,and axial nystagmus classifications.The proposed method realizes the intelligent classification of composite nystagmus and is valuable in clinic.

Objective To investigate the clinical manifestations,endoscopic,histopathological and im-munofluorescence IgA detection characteristics in children patients with Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP) with gastrointestinal tract symptoms as initial symptoms.Methods The clinical data of 29 children admitted to this hospital from April 2018 to December 2019 with gastrointestinal symptoms as the first manifestation and initially diagnosed with HSP were retrospectively analyzed.The clinical manifestations,laboratory and imageological examination results,endoscopic and histopatological examination results,immunofluoresence IgA detection results,treatment regimen and outcome were analyzed.Results The clinical manifestations were mainly abdominal pain,vomiting,hematochezia,rash,joint swelling and pain,testicular swelling pain,etc.Hemoglobin was decreased (<110 g/L) in 3 cases (10.34%),the eosinophilic cells count was increased (>0.6×109/L) in 1 case and serum total IgE was increased in 8 cases (27.58%).The food specificity IgE was positive in 4 cases (13.79%),including crab,nut,soybean and mugwort 1 case each (3.45%).Twenty-two cases conducted the abdominal imageological examination,in which there were 5 cases of abdominal cavity hydrops,4 cases (13.79%) of pelvic cavity hydrops and 15 cases of intestinal wall edema and thickness.The endoscopic manifestations were mucosal hyperemia and edema in 29 cases (100.00%),erosion in 24 cases (82.76%),mucosal roughness in 10 cases (34.48%),ulceration in 8 cases (27.59%),and punctated bleeding in 6 cases.The main manifestations of mucosal pathology were mucosal inflammation with IgA deposition in 10 cases (34.48%).Immunofluorescence IgA detection was positive in 10 cases (34.48%).Conclusion When abdominal HSP is highly suspected,the endoscopic examination could be performed as soon as possible to evaluate the degree of mucosal lesions and perfect the immunofluorescence IgA detection to further identify the disease cause

China has classified the Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19) as a statutory category B infectious disease and managed it according to Category B since January 8, 2023.In view that Omicron variant is currently the main epidemic strain in China, in order to guide the treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) infection in children with the times, refer to the Diagnosis and Treatment Protocol for Novel Coronavirus Infection (Trial 10 th Edition), Expert Consensus on Diagnosis, Treatment and Prevention of Novel Coronavirus Infection in Children (Fourth Edition) and the Diagnosis and Treatment Strategy for Pediatric Related Viral Infections.The Expert Consensus on the Diagnosis, Treatment and Prevention of Novel Coronavirus Infection in Children (Fifth Edition) has been formulated and updated accordingly on related etiology, epidemiology, pathogenic mechanism, clinical manifestations, auxiliary examination, diagnosis and treatment, and added key points for the treatment of COVID-19 related encephalopathy, fulminating myocarditis and other serious complications for clinical reference.

Objective:To study the application of scenario simulation teaching combined with modular training in nursing education of medical rescue in manned space flight.Methods:Twenty nurses from the medical rescue team of Strategic Support Force Characteristic Medical Center were selected as the research objects. The research objects were randomly divided into the scenario simulation combined with practical training group (practical training group, n=10) and traditional teaching group (control group, n=10). Scenario simulation teaching combined with modular training and traditional teaching were used to carry out nursing training. After the training, theoretical assessment, operation assessment and satisfaction survey were organized. Results:The scenario simulation teaching combined with modular training group was significantly better than the traditional training group in theory assessment, operation assessment and satisfaction survey of nursing staff (all P<0.05). Conclusions:Scenario simulation teaching combined with modular training has obvious teaching effect, which can improve the ability and quality of nursing staff, and help to complete the manned space medical rescue mission efficiently.

Objective : To establish myeloid ( including macrophage and granulocyte) specific knockout mice of mammalian sterile line 20-like kinase 1 (MST1) gene for furtherinvestigating the role and the mechanism of MST1 in macrophages in related clinical diseases． Methods : Mst1flox/flox LysM-Cre ( referred to as Mst1ΔM/ΔM hereafter) mice were generated by crossing Mst1flox/floxwith lysozyme (Lysm-Cre) mice．The loxP site and Cre gene were amplified by PCR for genotyping．The knockdown efficiency of MST1 in macrophages was verified by quantitative PCR and immunofluorescence．The main immune cell populations in the livers were detected by flow cytometry. Results: Mst1flox/flox LysM-Cre (Mst1ΔM/ΔM ) was the genotype of macrophage specific knockout MST1 mice．The results of qPCR and immunofluorescence showed that the knock-out efficiency of MST1 was more than 70% in bone marrow- derived macrophages and peritoneal macrophages．Flow cytometry showed that macrophage knockout of MST1 had no significant effect on the main immune cell populations in the liver of mice． Conclusion Macrophage-specific knockout of MST1 mouse model is successfully established，which lays a foundation for further investigation on the role and mechanism of macrophage MST1 in clinical related disease.

OBJECTIVE To systematic ally stu dy the chemic al components of ethanol extract from Sanzi san ，and to provide reference for clarifying the pharmacodynamic material basis of the formulation. METHODS HPLC-Q-Exactive-MS technology was adopted. The determination was performed on Shim-pack GIST-HP C 18 column with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile- 0.1％ formic acid aqueous solution for gradient elution at the flow rate of 1 mL/min. The column temperature was 40 ℃，and sample size was 10 μL. Mass spectrometry conditions included the electrospray spray ion source was used for detection in positive and negative ion detection modes. Full MS/dd-MS 2 detection mode was adopted ，the resolution of Full MS was 70 000 and the resolution of dd-MS2 was 17 500. The scanning range was m/z 110-1 200. The ion peaks were identified by comparing with the information of control substances ，literature references and self-built database. RESULTS A total of 64 components were identified in the ethanol extract of Mongolian medicine Sanzi san ， including 9 flavonoids，13 iridoids，14 organic acids ，18 tannins，3 triterpenes，3 amino acids and 4 fatty acids. CONCLUSIONS The ethanol extract of Mongolian medicine Sanzi san mainly include iridoids ，tannins and flavonoids ，which might be the pharmacodynamic material basis of Sanzi san.

Objective:To study the environmental characteristics of launch section during the space medical rescue mission of Shenzhou-13 spacecraft, evaluate the influence of special environment on peripheral veins, and investigate the coping strategies.Methods:Combined with the practice of launch section during space medical rescue mission of Shenzhou-13 spacecraft, the main factors of aerospace special environment, cold and faint light, were selected and the related literature was reviewed to explore the feasibility, advantages and disadvantages of peripheral venipuncture, central venous catheter and bone marrow puncture. The experience of the space medical rescue mission was summarized and the coping strategies were provided for follow-up task training.Results:The environmental characteristics of launch section during the space medical rescue mission of Shenzhou-13 spacecraft included cold, faint light, sand-wind and complex terrain. The vascular filling, vascular elasticity and visibility of peripheral vein decreased in different degrees under special environmental, the vascular visibility was most affected. The literature analysis showed that bone marrow puncture was a suitable method to establish infusion access in cold and faint light environment.Conclusions:The special environment of space launch mission has greater impact on peripheral veins. In order to assurance the successful implementation of manned space project, the training of basic operational skills should be consolidated, the training of ability in special environment should be enhanced and the advanced clinical auxiliary equipment should be equipped in follow-up space medical mission training.