Objective To observe the value of artificial intelligence iterative reconstruction(AIIR)for abdominal and pelvic CT examination after total hip arthroplasty(THA).Methods Totally 64 patients after THA who underwent abdominal and pelvic CT examinations were retrospectively collected,including 31 patients received routine CT scanning and 33 patients received dual-energy CT scanning.AIIR and hybrid iterative reconstruction(HIR)algorithms were used to obtain AIIR and HIR images based on conventional CT images,respectively,while 70-140 keV(interval of 5 keV)virtual monoenergetic images(VMI)were reconstructed based on dual-energy CT images.VMI with the best comprehensive imaging qualities were selected for analysis.Subjective scores and objective evaluation results of imaging quality were compared among different kinds of images.Results The subjective scores of artifacts,bones,diagnostic confidence,as well as displaying of pelvic organs and blood vessels on both AIIR images and VMI were all higher than those of HIR images(all P＜0.001),while no significant difference was found between AIIR images and VMI(all P＞0.017).Pairwise comparison of high-density artifact fraction and skeletal artifact fraction on AIIR,HIR images and VMI showed significant differences(all P＜0.001).No significant difference of low density artifact fraction nor high density noise fraction was detected between AIIR image and VMI(both P＞0.017),and the objective evaluation results were different from those of HIR images(both P＜0.017).The low density noise fraction of AIIR images was lower than that of HIR images(P＜0.017),while no significant difference was found between AIIR or HIR images and VMI(both P＞0.017).The bone noise fraction of AIIR and HIR images were both higher than that of VMI(both P＜0.017),while no significant difference was found between these two kinds of images(P＞0.017).Conclusion AIIR could reduce artifacts and image noise of abdominal and pelvic CT examination after THA and improve imaging quality.

Objective To explore the palliative care needs of peritoneal dialysis patients and their care-givers,providine a scientific basis for the targeted implementation of palliative care intervention programs.Methods A semi-structured in-depth interview was conducted on 14 patients and 6 caregivers at a peritoneal dialysis center in a third-class hospital in Beijing.We used the Colaizzi seven-step data analysis method and the phenomenological method of qualitative research to analyze the data and refine the theme.Results Through the analysis,5 theme groups were summarized,including the need to alleviate physiological and psychological symptoms,the need for family support and help,the need for social help,the lack of understanding of pallia-tive care,and the lack of scientific view of death.Conclusions Peritoneal dialysis patients and their caregiv-ers have a strong need for palliative care.Medical staff should fully respect the uniqueness of peritoneal dialysis patients and implement targeted palliative care interventions based on their needs and preferences,so as to ef-fectively improve their quality of life.

Objective:To summarize and analyze the clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of patients with recurrent pericarditis.Methods:This observational study consecutively recruited patients with recurrent pericarditis who were hospitalized at Peking University People′s Hospital between January 2017 and February 2024. Clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes were collected and summarized during follow-up.Results:A total of 8 recurrent pericarditis patients including 3 males were included, with an age of 34.0 (22.0, 39.5) years. In terms of clinical features, all patients presented with acute-onset severe chest pain, accompanied by fever in 7 and an audible pericardial friction rub in 2 patients. Electrocardiogram showed no diffuse ST-segment elevation or PR-segment depression in any patient. Echocardiography revealed pericardial effusion in all cases, with extensive fibrinous exudate and transient pericardial thickening observed in 6 patients. CT identified concurrent pleural and/or peritoneal effusions in 6 patients. All patients exhibited marked elevations in C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and D-dimer levels. Whole-exome sequencing identified MEFV gene mutations associated with familial Mediterranean fever in 3 cases. Two patients developed cardiac tamponade requiring pericardiocentesis, which revealed hemorrhagic effusion. In the aspect of treatment outcomes, the time from recurrence to first confirmed diagnosis of recurrent pericarditis of this cohort was 14.5 (13.3, 19.5) d. Upon diagnosis, all patients promptly received standard anti-inflammatory therapy with ibuprofen and colchicine, achieving rapid relief. However, during a follow-up of 12.0 (6.0, 25.3) months, 3 patients experienced recurrence, and 2 developed transient constrictive pericarditis.Conclusion:Patients with recurrent pericarditis typically exhibit characteristic clinical presentations, laboratory abnormalities, imaging findings and potential genetic associations. Although standard anti-inflammatory therapy demonstrates favorable short-term efficacy, long-term management remains challenging due to the risks of recurrence and progression to constrictive pericarditis.

Objective To explore the palliative care needs of peritoneal dialysis patients and their care-givers,providine a scientific basis for the targeted implementation of palliative care intervention programs.Methods A semi-structured in-depth interview was conducted on 14 patients and 6 caregivers at a peritoneal dialysis center in a third-class hospital in Beijing.We used the Colaizzi seven-step data analysis method and the phenomenological method of qualitative research to analyze the data and refine the theme.Results Through the analysis,5 theme groups were summarized,including the need to alleviate physiological and psychological symptoms,the need for family support and help,the need for social help,the lack of understanding of pallia-tive care,and the lack of scientific view of death.Conclusions Peritoneal dialysis patients and their caregiv-ers have a strong need for palliative care.Medical staff should fully respect the uniqueness of peritoneal dialysis patients and implement targeted palliative care interventions based on their needs and preferences,so as to ef-fectively improve their quality of life.

Objective To observe the value of artificial intelligence iterative reconstruction(AIIR)for abdominal and pelvic CT examination after total hip arthroplasty(THA).Methods Totally 64 patients after THA who underwent abdominal and pelvic CT examinations were retrospectively collected,including 31 patients received routine CT scanning and 33 patients received dual-energy CT scanning.AIIR and hybrid iterative reconstruction(HIR)algorithms were used to obtain AIIR and HIR images based on conventional CT images,respectively,while 70-140 keV(interval of 5 keV)virtual monoenergetic images(VMI)were reconstructed based on dual-energy CT images.VMI with the best comprehensive imaging qualities were selected for analysis.Subjective scores and objective evaluation results of imaging quality were compared among different kinds of images.Results The subjective scores of artifacts,bones,diagnostic confidence,as well as displaying of pelvic organs and blood vessels on both AIIR images and VMI were all higher than those of HIR images(all P＜0.001),while no significant difference was found between AIIR images and VMI(all P＞0.017).Pairwise comparison of high-density artifact fraction and skeletal artifact fraction on AIIR,HIR images and VMI showed significant differences(all P＜0.001).No significant difference of low density artifact fraction nor high density noise fraction was detected between AIIR image and VMI(both P＞0.017),and the objective evaluation results were different from those of HIR images(both P＜0.017).The low density noise fraction of AIIR images was lower than that of HIR images(P＜0.017),while no significant difference was found between AIIR or HIR images and VMI(both P＞0.017).The bone noise fraction of AIIR and HIR images were both higher than that of VMI(both P＜0.017),while no significant difference was found between these two kinds of images(P＞0.017).Conclusion AIIR could reduce artifacts and image noise of abdominal and pelvic CT examination after THA and improve imaging quality.

Objective:To summarize and analyze the clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of patients with recurrent pericarditis.Methods:This observational study consecutively recruited patients with recurrent pericarditis who were hospitalized at Peking University People′s Hospital between January 2017 and February 2024. Clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes were collected and summarized during follow-up.Results:A total of 8 recurrent pericarditis patients including 3 males were included, with an age of 34.0 (22.0, 39.5) years. In terms of clinical features, all patients presented with acute-onset severe chest pain, accompanied by fever in 7 and an audible pericardial friction rub in 2 patients. Electrocardiogram showed no diffuse ST-segment elevation or PR-segment depression in any patient. Echocardiography revealed pericardial effusion in all cases, with extensive fibrinous exudate and transient pericardial thickening observed in 6 patients. CT identified concurrent pleural and/or peritoneal effusions in 6 patients. All patients exhibited marked elevations in C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and D-dimer levels. Whole-exome sequencing identified MEFV gene mutations associated with familial Mediterranean fever in 3 cases. Two patients developed cardiac tamponade requiring pericardiocentesis, which revealed hemorrhagic effusion. In the aspect of treatment outcomes, the time from recurrence to first confirmed diagnosis of recurrent pericarditis of this cohort was 14.5 (13.3, 19.5) d. Upon diagnosis, all patients promptly received standard anti-inflammatory therapy with ibuprofen and colchicine, achieving rapid relief. However, during a follow-up of 12.0 (6.0, 25.3) months, 3 patients experienced recurrence, and 2 developed transient constrictive pericarditis.Conclusion:Patients with recurrent pericarditis typically exhibit characteristic clinical presentations, laboratory abnormalities, imaging findings and potential genetic associations. Although standard anti-inflammatory therapy demonstrates favorable short-term efficacy, long-term management remains challenging due to the risks of recurrence and progression to constrictive pericarditis.

Objective To develop"a guideline for pressure injury risk assessment and prevention of neonates in NICU",and to provide guidance and references for clinical staff in the implementation of pressure injury assessment and prevention for neonates in NICU.Methods Based on the World Health 0rganization Guideline Development Manual and the results of systematic search for identified clinical problems,the GRADE method was used to evaluate the evidence and grade the recommendations,and the RIGHT report specifications were referred to for writing,and the guideline was developed and revised according to the results and recommendations of the expert review,so as to form the official guideline.Results The guideline included 2 aspects of pressure injury risk assessment and prevention,resulting in 12 clinical questions and 19 recommendations.Conclusion The guideline for risk assessment and prevention of pressure injury of neonates in NICU is an evidence-based guideline based on the best available evidence,clinical practice,and professional judgment,and it can provide a practical basis for scientific decision-making by clinical staff and managers.

Allergen specific immunotherapy（AIT）is currently the only recognized treatment for the cause of allergic diseases.With the gradual increase in the dose of allergens，AIT can induce the body to establish immune tolerance，prevent the aggravation of allergic symptoms，reduce patients' emergency medication，and block the development of allergic diseases.AIT effectiveness and safety have been affirmed by scholars at home and abroad.Successful AIT can inhibit early and late anaphylaxis，but not all patients respond to AIT.The overall response rate ranges from 50% to 80%，and the course of treatment is long and the cost is high.Therefore，it is particularly important to identify biomarkers that can predict and evaluate the efficacy.This article mainly reviews the research progress on the correlation between the changes of biomarkers（immunoglobulin and cytokines）and the efficacy of AIT，in order to provide reference for pediatricians.

Objective·To investigate the intervention effect of oral motor training combined with pediatric tui-na on feeding intolerance in preterm infants to provide new treatment options and improve the quality of care.Methods·By using a non-simultaneous controlled clinical trial method,75 eligible preterm infants from the neonatal unit of a tertiary care hospital in Jinan were selected as the experimental group to implement oral training combined with pediatric massage therapy.Another 60 preterm infants admitted in 2020 were selected as the control group,who had already received oral motor training but had not received pediatric massage.The experimental group was treated for 7 d and the efficacy of the two groups was compared.Comparisons between the two groups included signs of feeding intolerance such as vomiting,gastric remnants and other outcome indicators such as first oral feeding time,gastric tube retention time,increased milk volume at day 3 and increased milk volume at day 7,feeding initiation time,increased weight at day 3 and increased weight at day 7,recovery time of birth weight,and days of hospitalization in both groups.Results·The differences in gender,age,birth weight,and Apgar score between the two groups before treatment were not statistically significant(P>0.05)indicating comparability.After treatment,preterm infants in the experimental group showed significant improvement in feeding performance,first oral feeding time,gastric tube retention time,increased milk volume at day 3 and increased milk volume at day 7,increased weight at day 3 and increased weight at day 7,hospitalization days and other observed indexes compared with the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the feeding initiation time and recovery time of birth weight between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion·The combined application of oral motor training and pediatric tui-na is significantly more effective than single oral motor training in the short-term treatment of feeding intolerance in preterm infants.This combination therapy helps preterm infants to increase milk intake and accelerate weight gain,helps the children to recover intestinal function,establishes early nutritional support,promotes growth and development,and reduces the risk of long-term complications.This treatment is simple,safe and efficient,and has the value of popularization.

Objective:To evaluate the diagnostic value of gene testing in familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) in patients with premature myocardial infarction(PMI).Methods:This study was a single center cross-sectional study. A retrospective analysis was made on PMI patients who visited the People′s Hospital of Peking University from May 1, 2015 to March 31, 2017. Clinical data of patients was collected and gene testing of FH related genes low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), apolipoprotein B(APOB) and low density lipoprotein receptor adaptor protein 1(LDLRAP1) was carried out. Clinical diagnosis of FH patients was performed using Simon Broome criteria, DLCN criteria, and FH Chinese expert consensus.Results:There were 188 males (83.6%) among 225 PMI patients, and the age of the first myocardial infarction was (46.6±7.2) years old. Ten patients carried FH pathogenic or possibly pathogenic mutations (4.4%). Compared with Simon Broome standard, DLCN standard and FH Chinese expert consensus, gene testing increased the diagnostic rate of FH by 53.3%, 33.3% and 42.1% respectively.Conclusion:Gene testing is helpful to improve the diagnosis of FH, and it is important to start the standard treatment of FH as early as possible in patients with premature myocardial infarction.