Objective: To explore the network structure of middle school students basic psychological needs and psychological behavioral problems, and identify the core nodes within the network, as well as examine demographic subgroup differences, so as to provide support for targeted mental health interventions for adolescents. Methods: In September and October of 2023, a total of 2 000 junior and senior high school students were selected with multistage cluster random sampling from 8 schools in Jiaojiang District and Tiantai County, Taizhou City. An online self administered questionnaire was used to assess emotional and behavioral problems, perceived autonomy, self awareness, loneliness, and social support. The instruments included the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), Perceived Choice and Awareness of Self Scale (PCASS), Mental Health Literacy Questionnaire (MHLQ), University of California,Los Angeles Loneliness Scale (UCLA-LS), and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). A network analysis approach was employed to construct a network representing adolescents basic psychological needs and psychological behavioral problems, focusing on centrality measures and demographic subgroup differences. Results: A total of 418 students (20.9%) reported abnormal emotional and behavioral problems. Perceived autonomy and competence were negatively correlated with emotional problems (weights: 0.12, 0.14) and hyperactivity (weights: 0.10, 0.16). Social support showed negative correlation with peer relationship issues, hyperactivity, and conduct problems (weights: 0.16, 0.13, 0.10). Loneliness was positively correlated with emotional symptoms and peer relationship problems (weights: 0.28, 0.18). In the overall network, perceived relationships (social support and loneliness), emotional symptoms, and hyperactivity emerged as central nodes. Significant differences in network structure were observed between gender subgroups ( P =0.02). Girls internalizing issues were more influenced by loneliness and perceived autonomy frustration, while social support exhibited higher centrality in boys. Conclusions Perceived relationships, emotional problems, and hyperactivity are key nodes in the network of adolescents basic psychological needs and psychological behavioral problems. Loneliness demonstrates a prominent influence within the network, and the overall network exhibits gender differences.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the antitumor activity of Periplaneta americana extract（PAE） against human-derived lung adenocarcinoma organoids（LUAD-PDOs） and to elucidate its potential mechanism based on transcriptomics. MethodsFresh tumor and adjacent normal tissues from patients with LUAD were collected to construct LUAD-PDOs and normal lung organoid（Nor-PDOs） models using 3D organoid culture technology. The effective intervention concentration of PAE was determined using the cell counting kit-8（CCK-8） assay. Experimental groups included the model group（LUAD-PDOs）， normal group， model administration group（LUAD-PDOs+PAE）， and normal administration group（Nor-PDOs+PAE）. Hematoxylin-eosin（HE） staining was used to observe the pathological structures of PDOs， immunohistochemistry（IHC） was performed to detect the expressions of the proliferation marker Ki-67 and lung adenocarcinoma differentiation markers cytokeratin-7（CK-7） and Napsin A， TUNEL staining was applied to detect cell apoptosis. RNA sequencing（RNA-Seq） was conducted to identify differentially expressed genes（DEGs）， followed by Gene Ontology（GO）， Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes（KEGG）， and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis（GSEA）， alongside protein-protein interaction（PPI） network analysis to screen core mechanisms. Finally， key targets were validated by integrating external database analysis with immunofluorescence（IF）. ResultsNor-PDOs and LUAD-PDOs that highly recapitulated the pathological characteristics of the primary tissues were successfully established. The CCK-8 assay determined that the effective intervention concentration of PAE was 16 g·L^-1. Morphological observation showed that Nor-PDOs exhibited lumen-forming structures， whereas LUAD-PDOs displayed dense， solid structures. CCK-8 and TUNEL assays revealed that， compared with the model group， PAE intervention inhibited the proliferation of LUAD-PDOs and promoted apoptosis in LUAD cells， while showing no significant effect on the viability of Nor-PDOs. Transcriptomic analysis identified 719 DEGs that were significantly reversed after PAE intervention（347 up-regulated and 372 down-regulated）（P<0.05）. GO enrichment analysis indicated that DEGs in the model administration group were significantly enriched in biological processes related to cell cycle regulation compared to the model group. KEGG pathway analysis revealed that PAE affected pathways related to proliferation and metabolism， including pathways in cancer and the p53 signaling pathway. GSEA further confirmed that PAE significantly enhanced the activity of the p53 signaling pathway（P<0.05）. PPI network analysis indicated that breast cancer type 1 susceptibility protein（BRCA1） and checkpoint kinase 1（CHEK1） were the core down-regulated targets in the p53 pathway. IF verified the high expression of BRCA1 and CHEK1 in LUAD-PDOs and their significant downregulation after PAE intervention（P<0.05）. Furthermore， survival analysis based on The Cancer Genome Atlas（TCGA） database indicated that low expression of BRCA1 and CHEK1 was significantly associated with prolonged overall survival in patients with LUAD（P<0.05）. ConclusionPAE effectively inhibits proliferation of LUAD-PDOs and promotes their apoptosis， its anti-tumor mechanism is potentially associated with the activation of the p53 signaling pathway， with BRCA1 and CHEK1 genes likely serving as key downstream targets for the effects of PAE.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of the co-occurrence of elevated blood pressure and depressive symptoms among junior and senior high school students in Anhui Province, so as to provide evidence for comprehensive interventions on physical and mental health among adolescents. Methods: From September to December 2024, a multi stage random cluster sampling method was used to select 103 225 junior and senior high school students from 16 prefecture level cities in Anhui Province. Data were collected through questionnaire surveys and physical measurements. Elevated blood pressure was determined according to the Reference of Screening for Elevated Blood Pressure among Children and Adolescents Aged 7-18 Years. Depressive symptoms among middle school students were assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). Chi-square test, Chi-square test for trend, and multivariate Logistic regression model were used to analyze the risk factors for the co-occurrence of elevated blood pressure and depressive symptoms. Results: The detection rate of elevated blood pressure was 15.22%, the detection rate of depressive symptoms was 18.56%, and the co-occurrence rate of the two conditions was 2.67% among junior and senior high school students. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that after controlling for gender, school stage, household registration, and overweight and obesity status,compared with those who don t drink sugary drink and eat fried food, and get enough sleep, sugar sweetened beverage intake <1 and ≥1 time/d( OR =1.28,1.61), fried food consumption ≥1 time/d( OR =1.37), and insufficient sleep ( OR =1.54) were all associated with an increased risk of the co-occurrence of elevated blood pressure and depressive symptoms(all P <0.05). Daily fresh vegetable intake ≥1 time/d( OR =0.78) and fresh fruit intake ≥1 time/d( OR =0.85) were both associated with a decreased risk of the co-occurrence(both P <0.05). Compared with students who did not eat breakfast, students who ate breakfast sometimes and every day ( OR =0.62,0.36) had a lower co-occurrence risk(both P < 0.05). Junior and senior high school students with daily outdoor activity duration≥1 h ( OR =0.81) had a lower risk of the co-occurrence of elevated blood pressure and depressive symptoms ( P <0.05). Conclusions Sugar sweetened beverage drink and fried food consumption, inadequate consumption of fresh vegetables, fruits and breakfast, lack of outdoor activity, and insufficient sleep are risk factors for the co-occurrence of elevated blood pressure and depressive symptoms among junior and senior high school students in Anhui Province. It is necessary to establish school health promotion strategies integrating nutrition, exercise and sleep management as intervention targets to reduce the co-occurrence risk of elevated blood pressure and depressive symptoms among junior and senior high school students.

Tuberculosis (TB), a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is primarily airborne and remains a global health problem, especially in resource-limited countries and regions. The emergence of drug resistance in M. tuberculosis has rendered the existing means ineffective in the treatment of TB. Therefore, research in new therapeutic directions has become imperative. In this review, we outline functional peptides in terms of the mechanisms of action, anti-TB attempts, advantages and disadvantages, and latest advances, aiming to analyze the research progress in anti-TB peptides. Furthermore, we investigate the potential applications of bioactive compounds found in traditional Chinese Medicine within the context of peptides.

Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy(PCV)is one of the important subtypes of neovascular age-related macular degeneration(nARMD), which causes severe vision loss. It is necessary to distinguish PCV from other nARMD subtypes to guide the clinical treatment plans and predict disease outcomes. In recent years, artificial intelligence(AI)has been widely used in the diagnosis and research of ophthalmic diseases. By utilizing machine learning or deep learning combined with examination images in disease classification, lesion segmentation, and quantitative assessment, etc. This article reviews the recent applications of AI in the differential diagnosis of PCV through various examination images, the segmentation and quantification of biomarkers, as well as the prediction of genotype, response to anti-vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)therapy, and the short-term risk of vitreous hemorrhage. It summarizes the difficulties and challenges in clinical practice of AI and looks forward to the advantages and development trends of AI in PCV applications in the future. The article aims to provide more information for further research and application, thereby improving the diagnostic rate of PCV, optimizing treatment plans, and improving patients' visual prognosis.

Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy(PCV)is one of the important subtypes of neovascular age-related macular degeneration(nARMD), which causes severe vision loss. It is necessary to distinguish PCV from other nARMD subtypes to guide the clinical treatment plans and predict disease outcomes. In recent years, artificial intelligence(AI)has been widely used in the diagnosis and research of ophthalmic diseases. By utilizing machine learning or deep learning combined with examination images in disease classification, lesion segmentation, and quantitative assessment, etc. This article reviews the recent applications of AI in the differential diagnosis of PCV through various examination images, the segmentation and quantification of biomarkers, as well as the prediction of genotype, response to anti-vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)therapy, and the short-term risk of vitreous hemorrhage. It summarizes the difficulties and challenges in clinical practice of AI and looks forward to the advantages and development trends of AI in PCV applications in the future. The article aims to provide more information for further research and application, thereby improving the diagnostic rate of PCV, optimizing treatment plans, and improving patients' visual prognosis.

ObjectiveTo establish a quality evaluation method for Zhuye Shigao granules（Zhuye Shigaotang） based on fingerprint and determination of index components， and to investigate the therapeutic effect of Zhuye Shigao granules on mice with cold-dampness pestilence attacking lung syndrome. MethodsThe fingerprint of Zhuye Shigao granules was established by high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC）， and the methods for determination of total calcium， orientin， isoorientin， ginsenosides Rg₁， Re and Rb₁ and other 2 index components were established. Fifty ICR mice were randomly divided into the blank group， model group， Zhuye Shigao granules low， medium and high dose groups（9.3， 18.6， 37.2 g·kg^-1·d^-1）， with 10 mice in each group. In addition to the blank group， the model mice with cold-dampness pestilence attacking lung syndrome was prepared by nasal drip of lipopolysaccharide combined with cold-dampness environment. Each administration group was given the corresponding liquid by gavage according to the dose， while the blank group and model group were given the same volume of normal saline by gavage. Then， the body temperature and organ index of mice in each group were measured， hematoxylin-eosin（HE） staining was used to investigate the lung tissue injury of mice in each group， and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA） was used to detect the changes of tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α）， interleukin（IL）-lβ， IL-6， IL-10 levels in serum and lung tissue， as well as immunoglobulin（Ig）A and IgM levels in serum. ResultsThe fingerprint similarity of 10 batches of Zhuye Shigao granules was>0.950， and 20 common peaks were calibrated. Seven of them were identified， including peak 11（isoorientin）， peak 12（orientin）， peak 14（apioside liquiritin）， peak 15（liquiritin）， peak 17（apioside isoliquiritin）， peak 19（isoliquiritin） and peak 20（liquiritigenin）. The results of quantitative analysis showed that the content range of each index component in 10 batches of Zhuye Shigao granules was as follows：Total calcium of 9.978-11.294 mg·g^-1， isoorientin of 0.033-0.041 mg·g^-1， orientin of 0.046-0.055 mg·g^-1， ginsenoside Rg₁+ginsenoside Re of 0.748-0.762 mg·g^-1， ginsenoside Rb₁ of 0.151-0.197 mg·g^-1， liquiritin of 1.106-1.366 mg·g^-1， glycyrrhizic acid of 0.904-1.182 mg·g^-1_. Compared with the blank group， the body temperature of mice in the model group was significantly increased， the organ indexes of liver， lung and spleen were significantly decreased， the organ index of thymus was significantly increased， HE staining of lung tissue showed infiltration of inflammatory cells， a small amount of serous exudation was observed in the alveoli， and lung tissue was damaged. After the intervention of Zhuye Shigao granules， the pathological changes were improved compared with the model group. The expression levels of IL-1β， IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly increased， the expression level of IL-10 was significantly decreased in serum and lung tissue. The levels of IgA and IgM in serum were significantly decreased（P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the body temperature， the organ indexes and immune factor levels in serum and lung tissue of mice in the Zhuye Shigao granules medium and high dose groups were significantly reduced（P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionIn this study， the quality evaluation of Zhuye Shigao granules was carried out based on fingerprint combined with determination of index components， and the fingerprint of four herbs（Lophatheri Herba， Ophiopogonis Radix， Pinelliae Rhizoma and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma） in this formula and the determination of 8 index components were established. The therapeutic effect of Zhuye Shigao granules on mice with cold-dampness pestilence attacking lung syndrome may be related to inhibiting inflammatory response and mediating immune regulation.

Aim To investigate whether adipose differentiation-related proteins promote macrophage lipid accu-mulation by upregulating acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 3(ACSL3)expression through PI3K/Akt.Methods The experiments were divided into 24 h group,different PLIN2 expression groups,HA-PLIN2+SC97 group and HA-PLIN2+LY294002 group.Western blot was used to detect the protein expression of PLIN2,Akt,p-Akt and ACSL3 in cells,RT-qPCR was used to detect the mRNA level of PLIN2 in cells,and oil red O was used to observe the degree of lipid accumulation in cells.Results The protein expression levels of Akt,p-Akt and ACSL3 in macrophages overex-pressing PLIN2 were significantly increased(P＜0.05),and p-Akt nuclear translocation was increased,with fluorescence labeling of PLIN2 and Akt overlapping.After adding the PI3K/Akt agonist SC97 to macrophages overexpressing PLIN2,the expression level of ACSL3 significantly increased(P＜0.05),and the degree of intracellular lipid accumulation in-creased;After adding the PI3K/Akt inhibitor LY294002 to macrophages overexpressing PLIN2,the expression level of AC-SL3 significantly decreased(P＜0.05),and the degree of intracellular lipid accumulation decreased.Conclusion PLIN2 upregulates ACSL3 expression through PI3K/Akt,thereby promoting macrophage lipid accumulation.

With the rising incidence of breast cancer and the widespread use of chemotherapy,the efficacy and adverse effects of chemotherapeutic agents have become a focus of attention.There is a potential association between microorganisms and breast cancer development and therapeutic response,and the potential value of probiotics with the role of regulating intestinal flora and other effects in breast cancer chemotherapy has been increasingly valued.In this paper,we review the regulatory role of intestinal flora in the efficacy of breast cancer chemotherapy and post-chemotherapy adverse reactions,predict its impact on chemotherapeutic effects and adverse reactions to chemotherapy,and focus on the positive role of probiotics in improving post-chemotherapeutic adverse reactions to breast cancer chemotherapy,to provide the scientific basis for the improvement of the quality of life of breast cancer patients,optimization of the chemotherapy regimen for breast cancer,and enhancement of the comprehensive effect of chemotherapy for breast cancer.

A case of secondary pulmonary infection in a patient with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was admitted.The patient was initially giren piperacillin-tazobactam combined with levofloxacin for anti-infective treatment before the pathogen was identified.lafer,the HRZE anti-tuberculosis regimen was added,but the patient continued to experience high fever,yellow purulent sputum,and dyspnea.Subsequent,bronchoalveolar lavage fluid pathogen metagenomic sequencing revealed Nocardia terpenica.Clinical pharmacists,based on the patient's condition changes and in accordance with relevant guidelines and literature,suggested using various antimicrobial agents,including compound sulfamethoxazole tablets,linezolid glucose injection,amikacin injection combined with imipenem-cilastatin,to manage the patient's intolerance to sulfonamides and the bone marrow suppression induced by linezolid and to provide medication suggestions.The clinician adopted all the suggestions.Through the collaborative efforts of physicians and clinical pharmacists,the patient's condition improved,allowing for discharge with medication.Post-discharge,medication education and follow-up were conducted,leading to successful recovery.In this case,the clinical pharmacist reviewed domestic and international literature on Nocardia terpenica and the characteristics of antimicrobial drugs,and utilized their expertise to assist clinicians in treating rare infection cases,realizing their professional value.