Objective:To investigate the related factors for unexpected positive intraoperative cultures (UPC) in patients undergoing aseptic hip revision and the long-term prosthesis survival rate in such patients.Methods:A retrospective cases series analysis was conducted in 397 patients who underwent aseptic hip revision surgery at the Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from January 2012 to December 2021. There were 225 females and 172 males with an age ( M(IQR)) of 58(23) years (range:21 to 89 years) and a body mass index (BMI) of 25(6) kg/m 2 (range:15 to 39 kg/m 2). Based on the culture results of intraoperative specimens, patients were divided into culture-positive group (32 cases) and culture-negative group (365 cases). The clinical data were analyzed including gender, age, BMI, preoperative C-reactive protein, preoperative erythrocyte sedimentation rate, American Society of Anesthesiologists(ASA) classification, preoperative urinary bacteria, preoperative hypoproteinemia; comorbidities of diabetes mellitus, anemia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cerebral infarction; history of allergy to antibiotics, smoking, drinking, previous prosthetic dislocation, previous surgical intervention; and time from symptom onset to admission, duration of surgery, etc. A univariate analysis was performed by Mann-Whitney U orχ2 test and the independent risk factors were identified by including the independent variables with P<0.20 in the univariate analysis in a logistic regression analysis of dichotomous variables. The study outcomes were defined as :(1) re-surgical treatment for any reason; (2)symptoms of infection such as sinus and incision seepage; (3) persistent excessive hip pain.The Kaplan-Meier survival curve was plotted using the study outcome of any cause as the endpoint event, and the log-rank test was used to compare the 10-year survival rate of the prosthesis in the culture-negative group with that in the culture-positive group. Results:Univariate analysis showed statistically significant differences between the culture-negative and culture-positive groups when comparing gender, BMI, ASA classification, and preoperative urinary bacterial results ( χ2=2.368, P=0.124; χ2=-1.648, P=0.098; χ2=14.128, P=0.003; and χ2=7.384, P=0.007). Logistic regression analysis showed that male, ASA classification Ⅳ, and positive preoperative urinary bacteria were independent risk factors for the development of UPC during aseptic hip revision( OR=2.35,95% CI:1.08 to 5.36, P=0.040; OR=37.32,95% CI:1.80 to 1 810.63, P=0.030; OR=4.11,95% CI:1.40 to 11.12, P=0.012). The follow-up time of the 397 patients included in this study was 70 (134) months (range:12 to 146 months). The Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed that the 10-year survival rates of the prostheses in the culture-negative and culture-positive groups were 95.7% and 75.0%, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in the 10-year survival rate comparing the two groups ( P=0.661). Conclusions:UPC is more likely to occur in patients undergoing hip revision due to noninfectious factors in those who are male, have positive preoperative urinary bacteria, and have an ASA classification of Ⅳ. Intraoperative specimen culture results (negative or positive) do not affect 10-year prosthesis survival rate after hip revision.

Objective To analyze the acupoint selection law of acupuncture and moxibustion for pediatric cerebral palsy based on data mining techniques.Methods Clinical research literature about acupuncture and moxibustion for the treatment of pediatric cerebral palsy was retrieved from CNKI,Wanfang Data,VIP,CBM,PubMed,Web of Science,Embase and Cochrane Library from the establishment of the databases to April 1,2024.Excel 2021 was used to establish a database of prescription acupoints.The frequency of use of acupoints,attributed to the meridians,parts and specific acupoints were under statistically analysis,and SPSS Modeler 18.0 and SPSS Statistics 27.0 were used to conduct the association rules analysis,factor analysis and clustering analysis of acupoints.Results A total of 579 articles were included,579 prescriptions were extracted,containing 245 acupoints with the frequency of 6 422 times.The high-frequency acupoints were Zusanli,Baihui,Hegu,Sanyinjiao and Quchi,etc.The commonly used meridians were Governor Vessel,gall bladder meridian,stomach meridian,large intestine meridian and bladder meridian;mostly used acupoints were in the lower limbs,head and neck,upper limbs,waist and back.The association rules analysis showed that the top combinations were"Hegu-Quchi","Zusanli-Quchi","Zusanli-Quchi-Hegu","Hegu-Quchi-Zusanli";clustering analysis showed that 6 valid clusters were extracted;factor analysis extracted 7 valid common factors.Conclusion Acupuncture and moxibustion treatment for pediatric cerebral palsy is based on the principle of strengthening the brain,improving intelligence and tonifying the five zang organs,reflecting the principle of matching acupoints far and near.The core combination of acupoints is"Zusanli-Quchi-Hegu".

Diabetic kidney disease （DKD） stands as one of the most prevalent microvascular complications of diabetes，noted for its concealed onset and tendency to evolve into end-stage renal disease，profoundly impacting patients' life expectancy and quality of life. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition （EMT） is a central pathological process in the initiation and progression of DKD，facilitating disease advancement and renal fibrosis，thus representing a crucial focus of research into the pathological mechanisms of DKD. EMT is driven by the abnormal activation of signaling pathways，including transforming growth factor-β （TGF-β）/Smad，secreted glycoprotein/β-catenin，Notch，tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）/nuclear factor-κB （NF-κB），and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin （PI3K/Akt/mTOR），leading to renal cellular injury and subsequently accelerating renal fibrosis and the progression of DKD. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM），characterized by its multi-target and multi-pathway therapeutic approach，demonstrates unique advantages in addressing DKD and EMT. Recent research has shown that active ingredients in TCM，including glycosides，flavonoids，and polyphenols，as well as TCM formulas，can precisely target these relevant signaling pathways，effectively inhibiting cellular injury in DKD and intervening in the EMT process. These findings not only underscore the potential of TCM monomers and formulas in treating DKD and EMT but also pave new directions for research in this field within TCM. This paper systematically reviewed the signaling pathways associated with EMT and provided an in-depth analysis of the research achievements and underlying mechanisms of TCM monomers and formulas in treating DKD and intervening in EMT，aiming to offer new insights and directions for TCM in the treatment of DKD and research on EMT，thereby further promoting the modernization and development of TCM.

Gastroblastoma (GB) is a rare gastric epithelial tumor without special clinical manifestations, whose histologic origin and pathogenesis remain unclear due to less related reports.Low-grade cell forms with biphasic differentiation are typical histological characteristics of GB.Immunohistochemistry and molecular tests can help with its differential diagnosis.GB is an invasive low-grade malignant tumor and the first treatment is surgical resection.However, there is no uniform standard treatment plan at present and most patients have a good prognosis.In this article, the histopathology, diagnosis and identification diagnosis of GB was reviewed to provide a theoretical basis for its origin, development, treatment and patient prognosis.

Objective:To investigate the related factors for unexpected positive intraoperative cultures (UPC) in patients undergoing aseptic hip revision and the long-term prosthesis survival rate in such patients.Methods:A retrospective cases series analysis was conducted in 397 patients who underwent aseptic hip revision surgery at the Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from January 2012 to December 2021. There were 225 females and 172 males with an age ( M(IQR)) of 58(23) years (range:21 to 89 years) and a body mass index (BMI) of 25(6) kg/m 2 (range:15 to 39 kg/m 2). Based on the culture results of intraoperative specimens, patients were divided into culture-positive group (32 cases) and culture-negative group (365 cases). The clinical data were analyzed including gender, age, BMI, preoperative C-reactive protein, preoperative erythrocyte sedimentation rate, American Society of Anesthesiologists(ASA) classification, preoperative urinary bacteria, preoperative hypoproteinemia; comorbidities of diabetes mellitus, anemia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cerebral infarction; history of allergy to antibiotics, smoking, drinking, previous prosthetic dislocation, previous surgical intervention; and time from symptom onset to admission, duration of surgery, etc. A univariate analysis was performed by Mann-Whitney U orχ2 test and the independent risk factors were identified by including the independent variables with P<0.20 in the univariate analysis in a logistic regression analysis of dichotomous variables. The study outcomes were defined as :(1) re-surgical treatment for any reason; (2)symptoms of infection such as sinus and incision seepage; (3) persistent excessive hip pain.The Kaplan-Meier survival curve was plotted using the study outcome of any cause as the endpoint event, and the log-rank test was used to compare the 10-year survival rate of the prosthesis in the culture-negative group with that in the culture-positive group. Results:Univariate analysis showed statistically significant differences between the culture-negative and culture-positive groups when comparing gender, BMI, ASA classification, and preoperative urinary bacterial results ( χ2=2.368, P=0.124; χ2=-1.648, P=0.098; χ2=14.128, P=0.003; and χ2=7.384, P=0.007). Logistic regression analysis showed that male, ASA classification Ⅳ, and positive preoperative urinary bacteria were independent risk factors for the development of UPC during aseptic hip revision( OR=2.35,95% CI:1.08 to 5.36, P=0.040; OR=37.32,95% CI:1.80 to 1 810.63, P=0.030; OR=4.11,95% CI:1.40 to 11.12, P=0.012). The follow-up time of the 397 patients included in this study was 70 (134) months (range:12 to 146 months). The Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed that the 10-year survival rates of the prostheses in the culture-negative and culture-positive groups were 95.7% and 75.0%, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in the 10-year survival rate comparing the two groups ( P=0.661). Conclusions:UPC is more likely to occur in patients undergoing hip revision due to noninfectious factors in those who are male, have positive preoperative urinary bacteria, and have an ASA classification of Ⅳ. Intraoperative specimen culture results (negative or positive) do not affect 10-year prosthesis survival rate after hip revision.

Gastroblastoma (GB) is a rare gastric epithelial tumor without special clinical manifestations, whose histologic origin and pathogenesis remain unclear due to less related reports.Low-grade cell forms with biphasic differentiation are typical histological characteristics of GB.Immunohistochemistry and molecular tests can help with its differential diagnosis.GB is an invasive low-grade malignant tumor and the first treatment is surgical resection.However, there is no uniform standard treatment plan at present and most patients have a good prognosis.In this article, the histopathology, diagnosis and identification diagnosis of GB was reviewed to provide a theoretical basis for its origin, development, treatment and patient prognosis.

Objective To analyze the acupoint selection law of acupuncture and moxibustion for pediatric cerebral palsy based on data mining techniques.Methods Clinical research literature about acupuncture and moxibustion for the treatment of pediatric cerebral palsy was retrieved from CNKI,Wanfang Data,VIP,CBM,PubMed,Web of Science,Embase and Cochrane Library from the establishment of the databases to April 1,2024.Excel 2021 was used to establish a database of prescription acupoints.The frequency of use of acupoints,attributed to the meridians,parts and specific acupoints were under statistically analysis,and SPSS Modeler 18.0 and SPSS Statistics 27.0 were used to conduct the association rules analysis,factor analysis and clustering analysis of acupoints.Results A total of 579 articles were included,579 prescriptions were extracted,containing 245 acupoints with the frequency of 6 422 times.The high-frequency acupoints were Zusanli,Baihui,Hegu,Sanyinjiao and Quchi,etc.The commonly used meridians were Governor Vessel,gall bladder meridian,stomach meridian,large intestine meridian and bladder meridian;mostly used acupoints were in the lower limbs,head and neck,upper limbs,waist and back.The association rules analysis showed that the top combinations were"Hegu-Quchi","Zusanli-Quchi","Zusanli-Quchi-Hegu","Hegu-Quchi-Zusanli";clustering analysis showed that 6 valid clusters were extracted;factor analysis extracted 7 valid common factors.Conclusion Acupuncture and moxibustion treatment for pediatric cerebral palsy is based on the principle of strengthening the brain,improving intelligence and tonifying the five zang organs,reflecting the principle of matching acupoints far and near.The core combination of acupoints is"Zusanli-Quchi-Hegu".

Purpose/Significance To use artificial intelligence(AI)technology to quickly screen negative comments from a large num-ber of reviews,so as to understand the needs and grievances of patients,and promote the sustainable development of telemedicine.Meth-od/Process Taking comments from Haodf.com as an example,the paper first uses bidirectional encoder representations from transformers(BERT)to generate word embeddings,which are then fed into a convolutional neural network(CNN)and a bidirectional long short-term memory(BiLSTM)network in a dual-channel manner.Finally,a feature fusion strategy is employed to obtain textual sentiment informa-tion to achieve a binary classification task.Result/Conclusion The proposed dual-channel model based on BERT can better integrate the advantages of CNN and BiLSTM.It achieves the highest classification accuracy and macro F1-score compared to other 9 models,including BERT,BERT_BiLSTM,BERT_CNN,etc.,which is effective in sentiment classification tasks for online medical reviews.

Objective:To study the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and clinical manifestations of intraspinal echinococcosis.Methods:The general conditions, MRI and clinical manifestations of 23 patients with intraspinal echinococcosis diagnosed by pathology at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from September 2011 to May 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.Results:There were 10 males and 13 females of the 23 patients with intraspinal echinococcosis. The age of the patients was (44.1 ± 13.9) years old, with a median age of 41 years old and a range of 25 to 72 years old. Eleven patients (47.8%) had a history of echinococcosis in the spine or other parts of the body. Among the 23 patients with intraspinal echinococcosis, 12 cases (52.2%) involved thoracic segment, 6 cases (26.1%) involved lumbar segment, 1 case (4.3%) involved sacral segment, 1 case (4.3%) involved thoracolumbar segment, 2 cases (8.7%) involved lumbosacral segment, and 1 case (4.3%) involved cervical and lumbar segment. There were 2 cases (8.7%) involving the intramedullary, 9 cases (39.1%) involving the extramedullary subdural, and 12 cases (52.2%) involving the extramedullary epidural. At the same time, 18 cases (78.3%) involved adjacent vertebral bodies, accessories or surrounding soft tissues. Intramedullary cystic echinococcosis was characterized by multiple nodules at the lower end of the spinal cord and the cauda equina nerve on MRI, with equal or low signal on T1WI, slightly high signals on T2WI and short time of inversion recovery (STIR), accompanied by small vesicles with high signal on T2WI. Intramedullary alveolar echinococcosis was characterized by nodular T1WI signals, slightly lower signals on T2WI and STIR, and circular enhancement on enhanced scan. Extramedullary subdural echinococcosis was mostly manifested as oval small vesicles with low signal on T1WI and high signal on T2WI, with a grape string-like appearance, and the capsular wall with low signal on T2WI could be seen at the edge. Extramedullary epidural echinococcosis was manifested as slightly low signal on T1WI, high signals on T2WI and STIR, accompanied by single or multiple small vesicles with high signal on T2WI, and compression of the dural sac. The clinical manifestations were chest and back, lumbosacral pain in 21 cases (91.3%), and lower limb dysfunction in 6 cases (26.1%).Conclusions:Intraspinal echinococcosis is relatively rare compared with other sites. When MRI features are clear, typical clinical manifestations are present, or there is a history of echinococcosis in other sites, intraspinal echinococcosis should be considered.

Objective:To investigate the gender differences in serum C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), platelet (PLT), fibrinogen (FIB) and D-dimer for the diagnosis of chronic periprosthetic joint infection (PJI).Methods:A total of 470 patients who underwent revision arthroplasty in the Department of Joint Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from January 2013 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. According to gender and diagnosis, they were divided into four groups: 78 cases of male chronic PJI, 108 cases of male aseptic loosening, 95 cases of female chronic PJI, and 189 cases of female aseptic loosening. The serological results of CRP, ESR, PLT, FIB and D-dimer were collected before operation. The receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves were used to determine the optimal cut-off values of CRP, ESR, PLT, FIB and D-dimer for the diagnosis of chronic PJI in different genders, and to calculate their sensitivity and specificity. The diagnostic efficacy of the index was analyzed by comparing the area under curve (AUC) of different indicators.Results:The levels of ESR, PLT and D-dimer in the male chronic PJI group were 43 (20.0, 52.5) mm/1 h, 249×10 9 (204×10 9, 306×10 9) /L, 449 (219,833) μg/L, respectively, which were lower than those in the female group of 56 (40, 65) mm/1 h, 295×10 9 (228×10 9, 364×10 9) /L, and 645 (345, 1 157) μg/L, with statistically significant differences ( Z=-4.17, P<0.001; Z=-2.17, P=0.030; Z=-2.82, P=0.005). The AUC of CRP in the male chronic PJI group was 0.841, which was higher than the AUC of the other four indicators; CRP was combined with ESR, PLT, FIB and D-dimer to establish a joint prediction model for male chronic PJI. The ROC curve showed that the combination of CRP+FIB had a maximum AUC [0.849, 95% CI (0.79, 0.91)], sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 86%. The AUC of CRP in the female chronic PJI group was 0.866, which was higher than the AUC of the other four indices; CRP was combined with ESR, PLT, FIB and D-dimer to establish a combined prediction model for female chronic PJI. The ROC curve showed that the combination of CRP+PLT had the maximum AUC [0.883, 95% CI (0.84, 0.93)], sensitivity of 87% and specificity of 79%. Conclusion:Serologic indicators in patients with chronic PJI are gender-specific. CRP combined with FIB has the highest diagnostic value for the chronic PJI in males, while CRP combined with PLT has the highest diagnostic value for the chronic PJI in females.