This consensus will introduce the characteristics of fillers used in the surgical cavities of domestic nasal surgery patients based on relevant literature and expert opinions. It will also provide recommendations for the selection of cavity fillers for different nasal diseases, with chronic sinusitis as a representative example.
Humans ; Nasal Cavity/surgery* ; Nasal Surgical Procedures ; China ; Consensus ; Sinusitis/surgery* ; Dermal Fillers

Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) is an important sugar crop. Biotic and abiotic stresses such as diseases, cold, and drought are major factors limiting sugarcane production. β-1,3-glucanase (EC 3.2.1.39), a member of the pathogenesis-related protein family, plays an essential role not only in the plant defenses against pathogens but also in plant growth, development, and abiotic stress responses. To systematically investigate the sugarcane β-1,3-glucanase gene family, 132 glycoside hydrolase (GH) 17 family members were identified in the genomes of the sugarcane wild species Saccharum spontaneum 'Np-X', the tropical species S. officinarum 'LA-Purple', and the Saccharum spp. hybrid cultivar 'R570'. The results of the phylogenetic analysis categorized them into four subfamilies, of which subfamily Ⅳ had the largest proportion of members (102). The members of the sugarcane GH17 gene family contained five conserved motifs and 0-16 introns. The majority of the GH17 genes exhibited a genome-wide replication pattern, with 89.50% originating from S. spontaneum 'Np-X' and S. officinarum 'LA-Purple', while 58.10% of them in the Saccharum spp. hybrid cultivar 'R570' belonged to the discrete replication type. Four major classes of cis-acting elements were identified in the promoters, including the elements related to plant growth, development, and tissue-specific expression (14.21%), light-responsive elements (38.24%), biotic or abiotic stress-responsive elements (9.18%), and hormone-responsive elements (38.37%), which suggested that this gene family was involved in plant growth, development, hormone responses, and stress responses. Transcriptome and quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) analyses showed that the sugarcane GH17 genes exhibited tissue-specific expression and were differentially expressed under low temperature, drought, and hormone treatments, as well as during the interactions between different sugarcane genotypes and Sporisorium scitamineum, suggesting their potential roles in plant defenses. In addition, some SsGlu genes (SsGlu5, SsGlu20, SsGlu21, SsGlu25, SsGlu28, and SsGlu39) were expected to serve as candidate stress-related genes. This study lays a foundation for further revealing the molecular mechanisms of the stress resistance of sugarcane via β-1,3-glucanase genes.
Saccharum/physiology* ; Stress, Physiological/genetics* ; Glucan 1,3-beta-Glucosidase/metabolism* ; Multigene Family ; Phylogeny ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Plant Proteins/genetics*

Background: The function of CD69 expressed on T cells in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) remains unclear. We aimed to elucidate the roles of CD69 on T cells in the disease process and in antiviral therapy for CHB. Methods: We enrolled 335 treatment-naive patients with CHB and 93 patients with CHB on antiviral therapy. CD69, antiviral cytokine production by T cells, T-helper (Th) cells, and inhibitory molecules of T cells were measured using flow cytometry, and clinical-virological characteristics were examined dynamically during antiviral therapy. Results: CD69 expression on CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ T cells was the lowest in the immune-active phase and was negatively correlated with liver transaminase activity, fibrosis features, inflammatory cytokine production by T cells, and Th-cell frequencies but positively with inhibitory molecules on T cells. CD69 expression on CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ T cells decreased after 48 weeks of antiviral therapy, and patients with hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) seroconversion in week 48 showed lower CD69 expression on T cells at baseline and week 48. The area under the ROC curve of CD69 expression on T cells at baseline for predicting HBeAg seroconversion in week 48 was 0.870, the sensitivity was 0.909, and the specificity was 0.714 (P = 0.002). Conclusions CD69 negatively regulates T-cell immunity during CHB, and its expression decreases with antiviral therapy. CD69 expression predicts HBeAg seroconversion in week 48. CD69 may play an important negative role in regulating T cells and affect the efficacy of antiviral therapy.

We retrospectively analyzed therapy efficacy and the adverse reactions of 10 patients suffering from systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with intestinal involvement treated with rituximab (RTX). Patients were hospitalized in the Department of Rheumatology and Immunology of the First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital from January 2015 to January 2023. Among the 10 patients, two were men and eight were women. The age of the cohort was (41.9±8.8) years. The age at disease onset was (28.8±9.2) years. The total course of the SLE diagnosis was(109.6±59.9) months. The course of the diagnosis of SLE with intestinal involvement was (89.3±50.2) months. The time from the appearance of intestinal symptoms to the diagnosis of SLE with intestinal involvement was 1.5 (1.0,8.0) months. The time from the diagnosis of SLE with intestinal involvement to RTX use was 13.0 (1.0,46.3) months. Follow-up duration after application of RTX treatment was (55.3±28.4) months. There were five cases of abdominal pain, four cases of abdominal distension, nine cases of diarrhea, three cases of nervous-system involvement, nine cases of lupus nephritis, and seven cases of serositis. All 10 patients underwent computed tomography and radiology of the abdomen. Eight patients had intestinal-wall edema, seven suffered intestinal dilation, four had target signs, three suffered congestion of mesenteric blood vessels, eight had increased mesenteric-fat density, and six had false intestinal obstruction. All 10 patients showed a low level of complement C3 (250-750 mg/L). Nine cases showed a low level of complement C4 (10-90 mg/L). The SLE disease activity index 2000 (SLEDAI-2K) at baseline in 10 patients was 20.5 (17.8, 30.0). After receiving RTX (0.5 g: day 1, day 14, or 375 mg/m 2: day 1, day 14) induction treatment, the intestinal symptoms of 10 cases were relieved completely. Four patients had adverse reactions, of which three received a high-dose glucocorticoid combined with RTX treatment simultaneously. Adverse reactions manifested mainly as a reduced level of IgG and infection with herpes simplex virus in one case, reduced level of IgG and lung infection in one patient, lung infection in one case, and reduced IgG level in one patient. RTX may an efficacious treatment strategy for patients suffering from refractory SLE with intestinal involvement.

AIM:To study the mechanism of Sihei-fang(SHF)in improving pigment deficiency disease(PD)by combining network pharmacology and me-tabolomics.METHODS:Using zebrafish embryos with pigment deficiency disease induced by 1-phe-nyl-2-thiourea(PTU)as an animal model,the ef-fects of SHF extract(0.01,0.02,0.04 mg/mL)on the morphology,melanin area,tyrosinase activity,and melanin content of zebrafish embryos were an-alyzed.Ultra high performance liquid chromatogra-phy-mass spectrometry(UHPLC-MS)was used to screen differential metabolites and obtain relevant metabolic pathways in the SHF treatment of mela-nin deficient zebrafish embryos model.Network pharmacology was used to obtain key targets for SHF treatment of PD and conduct KEGG pathway enrichment analysis.Import The identified differen-tial metabolites and SHF PD intersection targets were imported into the Metscape plugin,to estab-lish a"metabolite reaction enzyme gene"network,and search for key metabolites,targets,and meta-bolic pathways.RESULTS:SHF treatment could in-crease the formation of zebrafish melanin,activate tyrosinase activity,and increase melanin content.Metabolomics analysis obtained 54 differential me-tabolites,and metabolic pathway analysis was con-ducted on these metabolites,involving the biosyn-thesis of phenylalanine,tyrosine,and tryptophan,glycerol phospholipid metabolism,tyrosine metab-olism,linoleic acid metabolism,and aminoacyl tRNA biosynthesis pathways.Network pharmacolo-gy had obtained 55 cross targets of components and diseases.KEGG involved pancreatic cancer,TNF,cancer and other signal pathways.The joint analysis of metabolomics and network pharmacolo-gy identified four key targets:COMT,CYP1B1,TYR,and ALDH2;three key metabolites:L-tyrosine,ho-movanllate,L-lysine;three important metabolic pathways:tyrosine metabolism,valine/leucine/iso-leucine degradation,and lysine metabolism.CON-CLUSION:SHF has a good improvement effect on PD,and combined with metabolomics and network pharmacology,SHF may enhance its influence on the tyrosine metabolism pathway by regulating the metabolite L-tyrosine,thereby promoting the for-mation of melanin.

AIM:This study will clarify whether Wnt5a can be used as a potential diagnostic and therapeutic target for rheumatoid arthritis(RA)and how Xinfeng capsule(XFC)can improve RA through the Wnt5a/β-catenin signaling pathway.METH-ODS:ELISA and RT-qPCR were used to detect in-flammatory factors and pathological genes in the rat model of AA in vivo to investigate the effect of XFC on AA rats.RT-qPCR was used to verify the core genes and key pathways of XFC regulation pre-dicted by network pharmacology.The regulatory mechanism of XFC on Wnt/β-catenin pathway was elucidated by RT-qPCR.Western blot and immuno-fluorescence in primary AA fibroblast-like synovial cells(FLS)in vitro.RESULTS:XFC significantly de-creased the arthritis score and paw swelling in AA rats,and inhibited joint inflammation in AA rats.XFC decreased the levels of inflammatory factors TNF-α and IL-1 in peripheral blood of AA rats,and inhibited the levels of pathological genes MMP3 and fibronectin in joint synovium and AA FLS of AA rats.Network pharmacology predicts that the Wnt pathway is highly correlated with XFC treatment of RA.At the cellular level,serum containing XFC in-hibited the expression of Wnt pathway-related genes β-catenin,CCND1 and c-Myc.The molecular docking results showed that the key components of XFC had strong binding ability to Wnt5a,and the overexpression of Wnt5a(Wnt5a-ove)in AA FLS in-terfered with the action of XFC.CONCLUSION:The expression of Wnt5a is significantly increased in AA FLS and RA FLS,and XFC can inhibit the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway to improve RA by binding with Wn5a,providing a new therapeutic mechanism for XFC to improve RA.

This case report described the sucussful treatment of a male infant born at 21 weeks and 4 days through assisted reproductive technology. After prenatal consultation and with the strong desire of the parents, active resuscitation and treatment were performed. The infant received 52 days of mechanical ventilation and was extubated to non-invasive ventilation at a corrected gestational age of 28 weeks and 6 days. During hospitalization, no vasoactive drugs were used, and necrotizing enterocolitis did not occur. The gastric tube was removed at a corrected gestational age of 37 weeks and 4 days. At a corrected gestational age of 40 weeks, cranial MRI showed no abnormalities. The infant was discharged at a corrected gestational age of 42 weeks after 143 days of treatment, without the need for any respiratory support. Follow-up until a corrected age of 6 months showed good growth and development.

Lung cancer is the most common cancer in China and even in the world, and it is also the main cause of cancer death. Patients with anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene alterations have the opportunity to receive molecularly targeted therapies. The inhibitors of anaplastic lymphoma kinase, such as ALK-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (ALK-TKIs) significantly prolong the survival of patients. ALK gene variant types include point mutation, amplification, fusion/rearrangement, and ALK fusion is more common than other types. However, the effect of different types of gene changes in molecular targeted therapy is different. Therefore, this paper introduced the relevant contents of different variants of ALK gene, focused on the research progress of targeted therapy, and proposed the future development direction.
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Humans ; Lung Neoplasms/pathology* ; Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase ; Molecular Targeted Therapy ; Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors* ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use*

Objective Based on the secreted frizzled-related protein 2(SFRP2)-Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway,this study explored the effect and mechanism of Cuiru Keli(CRKL)in the treatment of postpartum hypogalactia.Methods A rat model of postpartum hypogalactia was established by gavaging 2 mL of 1.6 mg/mL bromocriptine mesylate to female rats on the third day after delivery.Female rats with a delivery time difference of less than 48 hours were selected and randomly assigned to 7 groups,including a normal group(without any modeling or medication),a model group,a CRKL low-dose group of model group model rats receiving CRKL at the dose of 3 g/kg,a CRKL medium-dose group of model rats receiving CRKL at the dose of 6 g/kg,a CRKL high-dose group of model rats receiving CRKL at the dose of 9 g/kg,a positive drug group of model rats receiving domperidone at the dose of 3 mg/kg,and a negative control(NC)group of model rats receiving normal saline.Each group contained 6 rats.Except for the normal and model groups,the remaining 5 groups were continuously administered with the respective intervention drugs at the specified doses by gavage once a day for 10 days.Changes in the total litter mass of the offspring in the 7 groups within 10 days were measured,and HE staining was performed to identify pathological changes in the mammary tissue(MT).Six groups of rats(excluding the positive control group)were used to observe the pathological changes of eosinophils in pituitary tissue.ELISA was performed to determine the content of prolactin(PRL)in serum,immunohistochemical staining was used to determine the expression of prolactin receptor(PRLR)in MT,and RT-qPCR was used to determine the mRNA expression of genes related to lactation in MT.Network pharmacology and molecular docking were used to study the therapeutic effect and mechanism of CRKL on postpartum hypogalactia,particularly whether it acted through the SFRP2-Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.The mechanism of CRKL treatment was further validated by detecting mRNA(RT-qPCR)and protein expression(Western blot)of related pathway genes.Cell experiments were conducted using primary culture rat mammary epithelial cells(RMEC)from rat MT.RMEC were divided into four groups,including a normal group(primary culture RMEC,untreated),SFRP2 overexpression group(primary cultured RMEC treated with SFRP2 overexpression vector),SFRP2 overexpression+CRKL group(receiving treatment for SFRP2 overexpression group plus 10% drug-containing serum),and negative control group(primary culture RMEC treated with empty vector).The effect of CRKL on the expression of lactation-related genes FASN,CSN2,and GLUT1 mRNA after SFRP2 overexpression was detected by RT-qPCR.Results In this study,CRKL was administered at a dose of 3 g/kg in the CRKL low-dose group,6 g/kg in the medium-dose group,and 9 g/kg in the high-dose group(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Compared with the model group,CRKL at all doses significantly increased the total litter weight gain of the offsprings within 10 days(P<0.05 or P<0.01),and effectively increased lactation(P<0.01),the area of mammary lobules,and the size and filling of acinar cavities.CRKL at all doses also increased the number of eosinophils that secreted PRL in the pituitary gland of the postpartum hypogalactia rat model,and increased the content of PRL in the serum(P<0.05 or P<0.01).CRKL promoted the secretion and expression of PRL in postpartum hypogalactic model rats.In addition,it significantly promoted the expression of genes related to milk fat,milk protein,and lactose synthesis in MT(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Network pharmacology predicted that the Wnt signaling pathway might be a key pathway for CRKL in treating postpartum hypogalactia.The molecular docking results showed that related chemical components in CRKL had good binding ability with CCND1 and SFRP2.Compared with the model group,CRKL at all doses inhibited the expression of SFRP2 gene in vivo(P<0.01)and activated the mRNA and protein expression of CCND1 and c-Myc in the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in MT(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Cell experiments showed that,compared to the normal group,SFRP2 overexpression reduced the mRNA expression of milk synthesis-related genes FASN,CSN2,and GLUT1 in RMEC(P<0.01).The CCK8 results indicated that 10% of the drug-containing serum was the effective concentration administered to cells(P<0.01).After administering drug-containing serum,the expression of the lactation-related genes FASN,CSN2,and GLUT1 were up-regulated(compared with the SFRP2 overexpression group,P<0.01).Conclusion CRKL alleviates postpartum hypogalactia through the SFRP2-Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.SFRP2 might be a potential new target for the diagnosis and treatment of postpartum hypogalactia.This reveals a new mechanism of CRKL in treating postpartum hypogalactia and promotes its clinical application.

AIM: To study the effect of Qingdaipowder Gel (QDPG) on mice specific dermatitis (AD) model and the antibacterial effect of the ethanol extract of Qingdaipowder. METHODS: AD model of mice was established by repeated skin induction with 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB). Fifty-six mice were randomly divided into blank group, model group, Hydrocortisone Butyrate Cream group (Hyd, 1.5 mg/cm