Objective To compare animal models of chronic heart failure(CHF)prepared by three different protocols,to establish a stable,reliable,and reproducible mouse model of CHF.Methods Twenty-five male C57BL/6J mice were divided randomly into four groups:a blank group,model A group(MA group),model B group(MB group),and model C group(MC group).The model groups adopted different preparation protocols for continuous injection of isoprenaline.The MA group and MB group were dose-decreasing models:MA group:subcutaneous injection of 10 mg/kg on day 1,5 mg/kg on day 2,2.5 mg/(kg·d)on days 3～30,total 30 days;and MB group:subcutaneous injection of 20 mg/kg on day 1,10 mg/kg on day 2,5 mg/(kg·d)on days 3～14,total 14 days.The MC group used a constant dose of intraperitoneal injection of 7.5 mg/(kg·d)for 28 days.The day after the final injection,the survival and model-formation rates for each group of mice were calculated.Cardiac function was measured by cardiac ultrasound and serum levels of N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide,interleukin-6,and tumor necrosis factor-α were measured.Results CHF was successfully induced in all the model groups after all injections at the end of the fourth week.However,comprehensive test result showed that the MC model was the most stable.Conclusions An isoprenaline-induced mouse model of CHF using constant intraperitoneal injection of 7.5 mg/(kg·d)for 28 days may be the most suitable model for subsequent research on traditional Chinese medicine.

Objective:To explore the prognostic value of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) AL445524.1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its regulatory effect on liver cancer cells.Methods:Based on the TCGA database, bioinformatics analysis was conducted to assess the expression levels of AL445524.1 in HCC. Using the median expression level of AL445524.1 as the cut-off value, 343 HCC patients were divided into high expression group and low expression group. Survival analysis was performed using Kaplan-Meier curves. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models were employed to analyze the relationship between AL445524.1 expression, other clinical characteristics, and patients' prognosis, identifying independent risk factors for the prognosis of HCC patients. Based on the results of the multivariate analysis, patients with complete data were randomly divided into a testing set ( n=215) and a training set ( n=92) in a 7∶3 ratio using a random number table method, and a nomogram prognostic prediction model for HCC was constructed. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted to calculate the area under the curve (AUC) to analyze and validate the predictive performance of the model. Functional enrichment analysis was conducted on the differentially expressed genes regulated by AL445524.1. The expression level of AL445524.1 in liver cancer cells was detected using RT-PCR. Human hepatoma cell lines HCCLM3 were divided into si-AL445524.1-1, si-AL445524.1-2, si-AL445524.1-3 and si-NC groups. The CCK-8 assay was used to assess cell proliferation capability; cell scratch and Transwell assays were performed to evaluate cell migration and invasion abilities; and flow cytometry was utilized to detect cell apoptosis. Results:The expression of AL445524.1 in liver cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in para-carcinoma tissues (4.38±1.26 vs. 2.08±0.45, t=24.58, P<0.001). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the 5-year overall survival (OS) rate for HCC patients in high AL445524.1 expression group ( n=170) was 37.37%, and that of patients in low AL445524.1 expression group ( n=173) was 58.38%, with a statistically significant difference ( χ2=8.83, P=0.003). Multivariate analysis showed that tumor recurrence ( HR=2.58, 95% CI: 1.64-4.07, P<0.001), clinical stage ( HR=2.49, 95% CI: 1.63-3.81, P<0.001), and AL445524.1 expression ( HR=1.23, 95% CI: 1.06-1.41, P=0.010) were independent factors affecting the prognosis of HCC patients. A nomogram prognostic prediction model was constructed based on tumor recurrence, clinical stage, and AL445524.1 expression, with the model risk score calculated as: risk score=0.774×tumor recurrence+0.753×clinical stage+0.231×AL445524.1. The prediction model C-index values of 0.726, 0.660, and 0.678 in the training set, testing set, and overall set, respectively. ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC values for the 1-year OS rates in the training set, testing set, and overall set were 0.746, 0.630, and 0.684, respectively; the AUC values for the 3-year OS rates were 0.778, 0.736, and 0.743; and the AUC values for the 5-year OS rates were 0.794, 0.760, and 0.774. In the training set, the test set and the overall set, the predictive performance of the model score in predicting the 5-year OS rate of patients was superior to the individual predictions of AL445524.1 expression, clinical stage and tumor recurrence alone (all P<0.05). The 5-year overall survival (OS) rates of high-risk group ( n=154) and low-risk group ( n=153) were 33.54% and 77.73%, respectively, with a statistically significant difference ( χ2=28.97, P<0.001). GO and KEGG enrichment analysis suggested that the differential expression of AL445524.1 genes in high and low expression groups was mainly related to lipid metabolism and oxidation. GSEA analysis showed that the oxidative phosphorylation pathway was significantly enriched in HCC patients with high expression of AL445524.1. In vitro experiments showed that AL445524.1 expression was higher in liver cancer cells (1.97±0.14) compared to normal liver cells (1.00±0.10), with a statistically significant difference ( t=11.62, P=0.007). Silencing AL445524.1 could significantly inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasion of liver cancer cells and promote apoptosis. In the CCK-8 proliferation experiment, the A450 values of the si-NC, si-AL445524.1-1, si-AL445524.1-2, and si-AL445524.1-3 groups after 24 hours were 0.433±0.012, 0.377±0.020, 0.383±0.020, and 0.423±0.005, respectively, with a statistically significant difference ( F=20.51, P<0.001). Additionally, the cell proliferation in the si-AL445524.1-1, si-AL445524.1-2, and si-AL445524.1-3 groups was lower than that in the si-NC group (all P<0.001). The cell scratch assay showed that the scratch healing rates of the above 4 groups were 33.60%±6.15%, 21.60%±4.30%, 26.40%± 4.60%, and 27.30%±2.60%, respectively, with a statistically significant difference ( F=42.71, P<0.001). The scratch healing rates of the si-AL445524.1-1, si-AL445524.1-2, and si-AL445524.1-3 groups were also significantly lower than that of the si-NC group (all P<0.001). Transwell migration and invasion experiments revealed that the number of migrated cells in the above 4 groups were 293.50±14.80, 110.50±10.28, 132.44±5.57, and 115.25±8.66, respectively, with a statistically significant difference ( F=374.16, P<0.001). The number of migrated cells in the si-AL445524.1-1, si-AL445524.1-2, and si-AL445524.1-3 groups were significantly lower than that in the si-NC group (all P<0.001). For the invasion assay, the number of invaded cells in the above 4 groups were 247.00±9.49, 119.00±5.57, 153.25±5.85, and 163.67±5.51, respectively, with a statistically significant difference ( F=218.14, P<0.001). The number of invaded cells in the si-AL445524.1-1, si-AL445524.1-2, and si-AL445524.1-3 groups were also significantly lower than that in the si-NC group (all P<0.001). Flow cytometry showed that the apoptosis rates of the above 4 groups were 1.70%±0.08%, 2.17%±0.11%, 2.38%±0.08%, and 2.02%±0.27%, respectively, with a statistically significant difference ( F=29.36, P<0.001). The apoptosis rate in the si-AL445524.1-1, si-AL445524.1-2, and si-AL445524.1-3 groups were significantly higher than that in the si-NC group (all P<0.001) . Conclusion:AL445524.1 can serve as a prognostic marker for HCC. The AL445524.1-related prognostic prediction model demonstrates high accuracy in predicting the 5-year OS rate of HCC patients. Patients with high AL445524.1 expression have poorer survival prognosis. Silencing AL445524.1 can inhibit liver cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion while promoting apoptosis, which may be related to cellular lipid metabolism or oxidative phosphorylation.

Objective:To investigate the prevalence and prognosis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) complicated with coronary vulnerable plaque (VP).Method:Consecutive patients were included who had undergone coronary artery CT angiography (CCTA) from January 1, 2011 to January 30, 2015 at the First People′s Hospital of Neijiang. NAFLD was diagnosed according to the liver imaging findings (liver/spleen CT ratio≤1.0) and clinical data. Baseline data, diagnosis, vulnerable plaque were recorded and followed up. The end points included all-cause death rate, cardiac death rate, non-fatal myocardial infarction rate, and elective coronary revascularization rate.Result:A total of 1 069 patients were eventually recruited in this study, including 316 (29.6%) cases diagnosed as NAFLD. In patients with NAFLD, 130 (41.1%) cases had vulnerable plaque, which was significantly higher than 217 of 753 non-NAFLD patients (28.8%) ( P<0.01). The percentages of spotty calcification, low attenuation plaque, positive remodeling and napkin ring sign in NAFLD cohort were 36.5%, 14.2%, 17.6% and 6.8% respectively, while those corresponding in non-NAFLD cohort were 18.4%, 6.3%, 5.8% and 3.2% respectively. The proportion of each vulnerable feature in NAFLD cohort was significantly higher than that in the non-NAFLD cohort, with P values of 0.016, 0.028, 0.019 and 0.042, respectively. The cardiac mortality rate in NAFLD group was significantly higher than and that of non-NAFLD group (7.0% vs. 3.6%, P=0.044). Multivariate Cox analysis suggested that NAFLD was not an independent risk factor for cardiac death. NAFLD subgroup ( n=316) was divided into VP positive group (NAFLD+VP+, n=130) and VP negative group (NAFLD+VP-, n=186). The mean follow-up time was 4.6±1.3 years. All-cause mortality rate, cardiac death rate, elective coronary artery reconstruction rate, non-fatal myocardial infarction rate in NAFLD+VP+group were 20.8%, 12.3%, 25.4%, 13.8% respectively, which were significantly higher than those corresponding rates in NAFLD+VP-group (5.9%, 3.2%, 8.6%, 6.5%) ( P<0.01, 0.002,<0.01, and 0.032 respectively). Conclusion:The incidences of cardiac mortality, elective coronary revascularization, and non-fatal myocardial infarction are significantly higher in patients with NAFLD than those without. NAFLD combined with vulnerable plaque of coronary arteries predicts worse prognosis.

Objective To investigate the expression of pro-apoptotic factor (Smac) and Survivin in gastric ulcer tissue.Methods Selected the 80 cases of gastric ulcer patients as the research object in the first people′s hospital of neijiang,in which no precancerous lesions of 40 cases of gastric ulcer (N group),40 cases of precancerous lesions of gastric ulcer(Y group),two groups of patients were Smac mRNA and Survivin mRNA were detected by using PCR method,immunohistochemical SP method of Smac and Survivin in specimens of table detect.Gastric ulcer patients were treated by triple therapy,and the apoptosis index was detected by TUNEL.Results Smac in N group(++) and (+++) in the expression accounted for 82.5％ was higher than that in Y group accounted for 47.5％,Survivin in group N (++) and (+++) in the expression accounted for 15.0％ was significantly lower than Y group accounted for 35.0％;And Smac mRNA in the N group relative expression the amount was significantly higher than that of Y group,while the expression of Survivin mRNA in the N group were significantly lower than Y group;N group the apoptosis index of the triple therapy after treatment than before treatment significantly decreased,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The clinical application of Smac and Survivin can be used as an auxiliary diagnostic index for the diagnosis of precancerous lesions in patients with gastric ulcer.Patients with gastric ulcer without precancerous lesion treated by triple therapy which can effectively control the apoptosis index of patients,improve the survival rate of patients.

Objective:To investigate the therapeutic effect of continuous blood purification (CBP) on acute pancreatitis (AP) and its influence on prognosis.Methods:200 patients with AP in our hospital from January 2010 to December 2016 were selected as the subjects,and they were divided into conventional treatment group and CBP treatment group according to the random number table method,600 cases in each group.The conventional treatment group was received conventional drug therapy,and the CBP treatment group was treated with CBP on the basis of commonly used drugs.The disappeared time of clinical symptoms after treatment and the changes of inflammatory factors and the changes of intestinal function before and 72 h after treatment were compared between the two groups,the mortality rate was compared between the two groups at 7 d after treatment.Results:Abdominal pain disappeared time,abdominal distension disappeared time and abdominal tenderness disappeared time in CBP treatment group after treatment were lower than the conventional treatment group (P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the levels of endotoxin,C reactive protein (CRP),amylase (AMS),two amine oxidase and malondialdehyde before treatment in the two groups (P＞0.05).At 72 h after treatment,endotoxin,CRP,AMS,two amine oxidase and malondialdehyde levels were lower than those before treatment,and the CBP treatment group was lower than the conventional treatment group (P＜0.05).The mortality rate of CBP treatment group was lower than that of conventional treatment group at 7 d after treatment,the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).Conclusion:CBP can effectively improve the clinical therapeutic effect of AP,and improve the clinical prognosis of patients.

ObJective To study the effects of flurbiprofen axetil preemptive analgesia on T cell immune functions in postoperative patients with upper abdominal.Methods Seventy-six patients with upper abdominal operation were divided into observation group (40 cases) and control group (36 cases) by random digits table,observation group and control group were given intravenous injection of 100 mg flurbiprofen axetil or 10 ml 0.9％ sodium chloride 10 min before skin incision respectively.Peripheral venous blood samples were collected for the determination of CD4+,CD8+,natural killer cell (NK cell) and CD4+/CD8+ by flow cytometry 1 day preoperative,2 and 48 h postoperative.Results In two groups,the CD8+ and NK cell of 2 h postoperative were lower significantly than those of preoperative (observation group:0.1850 ±0.0550 vs.0.2430 ±0.0856,0.1197 ±0.0673 vs.0.1598 ±0.0775；control group:0.1219 ±0.0571 vs.0.2385 ±0.0847,0.0778 ± 0.0311 vs.0.1621 ± 0.0806,P ＜ 0.05),however,the observation group was significantly higher than the control group (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in CD4+,CD8+ and NK cell of 48 h postoperative between two groups.Conclusion There are disorders on the T cell immune functions in postoperative patients with upper abdominal,but flurbiprofen axetil preemptive analgesia can improve the T cell immune function.