Objective To evaluate the occupational health literacy (OHL) level and its influencing factors among individuals of six key industries from Jiulongpo District, Chongqing City. Methods A total of 2 022 frontline workers from six key industries in the Jiulongpo District of Chongqing City were selected as the research subjects using a cluster sampling method. The OHL level of the workers were assessed using the Occupational Health Literacy Questionnaire of National Key Populations. Results The overall OHL level among the 2 022 frontline workers was 51.43%. The OHL level in the four dimensions of basic knowledge of occupational health protection, healthy work practices and behaviors, legal knowledge of occupational health, and basic skills of occupational health protection were 81.45%, 56.08%, 43.42%, and 37.59%, respectively. The OHL levels of the six key industries from high to low were electrical machinery and equipment manufacturing, healthcare, education, express delivery/food delivery, transportation, and environmental hygiene, accounted for 91.43%, 61.98%, 52.64%, 40.58%, 36.70% and 31.15% (P<0.01). The results of logistic regression analysis showed that population of Han had higher OHL level than ethnic minorities (P<0.01), married individuals had lower OHL level than unmarried individuals (P<0.05), individuals with college education or above had higher OHL level than those with junior high school education or below (P<0.01), and higher personal monthly income was associated with higher OHL levels (all P<0.05). The OHL levels of workers of environmental hygiene, transportation, education, express delivery/food delivery, and healthcare were lower than those in electrical machinery and equipment manufacturing (all P<0.01). Conclusion The OHL level among occupational populations in the six key industries in Jiulongpo District, Chongqing City, needs to be further improved. And the OHL monitoring and intervention should be focused on the occupational population of express delivery/food delivery industry, transportation, environmental hygiene, and occupational population with low income, low educated, and ethnic minorities.

BackgroundPrevious studies have identified a close relationship among psychological neglect and abuse， negative affect， different stages of adolescence， and suicidal ideation. However， the mechanisms underlying the impact of psychological abuse and neglect on suicidal ideation among left-behind adolescents remain unclear， and this field of research is still in its relative infancy. ObjectiveTo explore the relationship between psychological neglect/abuse and suicidal ideation among left-behind adolescents， as well as the mediating role of negative affect and the moderating effect of different stages of adolescence， so as to provide insights for preventing and intervening suicidal ideation in this population. MethodsFrom November 2021 to May 2022， a cluster random sampling technique was utilized to select 2 309 left-behind adolescents in western China. Assessments were conducted using the Child Psychological Abuse and Neglect Scale （CPANS）， the Positive and Negative Suicide Ideation （PANSI） and the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule for Children （PANAS-C）. Spearman correlation coefficients were calculated across all samples， and Process 4.1 was employed to test the mediating role of negative affect and the moderating role of different stages of adolescence in the pathway linking psychological abuse/neglect to suicidal ideation. ResultsA total of 2 119 left-behind adolescents （mean age： 14.94±1.20 years） completed the study， with males comprising 51.34% （1 088/2 119） and females 48.66% （1 031/2 119）.Among left-behind adolescents， scores on CPANS psychological neglect subscale showed positive correlations with both psychological abuse subscale scores and PANAS-C negative affect subscale scores （r=0.446， 0.496， P<0.01）. Additionally， CPANS psychological neglect and psychological abuse subscale scores were also positively correlated with PANSI scores （r=0.487， 0.508， P<0.01）. Furthermore， PANAS-C negative affect subscale scores demonstrated a positive correlation with PANSI scores （r=0.499， P<0.01）. Negative affect partially mediated the relationship between psychological abuse/psychological neglect and suicidal ideation， with effect sizes of 0.166 （95% CI： 0.141~0.191） and 0.131 （95% CI： 0.112~0.152）. Different stages of adolescence moderated the latter part （negative emotion → suicidal ideation） of the indirect mediation path from psychological neglect to suicidal ideation through negative affect （β=-0.066， P<0.01）. ConclusionBoth psychological neglect and psychological abuse may influence suicidal ideation among left-behind adolescents via negative affect. Moreover， different stages of adolescence may moderate the indirect path from psychological neglect to suicide ideation through negative affect.

Allergen-specific immunotherapy（AIT） remains the only therapeutic approach with the potential to modify the natural course of allergic rhinitis（AR）. Nevertheless, considerable inter-individual variability exists in patients'responses to AIT. To facilitate more reliable assessment of treatment efficacy, the China Rhinopathy Research Cooperation Group（CRRCG） convened young and middle-aged nasal experts in China to formulate the present consensus. The recommended subjective outcome measures for AIT comprise symptom scores, medication scores, combined symptom and medication scores, quality-of-life assessments, evaluation of disease control, and assessment of comorbidities. Objective indicators may supplement these measures. Currently available objective approaches include skin prick testing, nasal provocation testing, and allergen exposure chambers. However, these methods remain constrained by practical limitations and are not yet appropriate for routine implementation in clinical efficacy evaluation. In addition, several biomarkers, including sIgE and the sIgE/tIgE ratio, sIgG4, serum IgE-blocking activity, IgA, cytokines and chemokines, as well as immune cell surface molecules and their functional activity, have been shown to have associations with AIT outcomes. While these biomarkers may complement subjective assessments, they are subject to significant limitations. Consequently, large-scale multicenter trials and real-world evidence are required to strengthen the evidence base. The present consensus underscores the necessity of integrating patients'subjective experiences with objective testing throughout the treatment process, thereby providing a more comprehensive and accurate framework for efficacy evaluation. Looking forward, future investigations should prioritize the incorporation of multi-omics data and artificial intelligence methodologies, which hold promise for overcoming current limitations in assessment strategies and for advancing both the standardization and personalization of AIT.
Humans ; Allergens/immunology* ; China ; Consensus ; Desensitization, Immunologic ; Immunoglobulin E ; Quality of Life ; Rhinitis, Allergic/therapy* ; Treatment Outcome ; East Asian People

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect mechanism of Gualou guizhi granule on neurological function and synaptic plasticity in rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. METHODS The rats were randomly divided into sham operation group， model group and Gualou guizhi granule group （3.6 g/kg）， with 6 rats in each group. The cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury model was established by the suture occlusion method. Two hours after modeling， the model rats were given relevant medicine or normal saline intragastrically， once a day， for 7 consecutive days. After the last medication， the neurological function of rats was evaluated [calculated by modified neurological severity scores （mNSS） and corner turning percentage]； the neuronal apoptosis rate of brain histiocyte in the ischemic side of rats was detected in each group； the positive expressions of growth associated protein 43 （GAP43） and microtubule associated protein 2 （MAP2） were detected； protein expressions of neuron-specific nuclear protein （NeuN）， synaptophysin-1 （Syn-1）， postsynaptic density protein-95 （PSD-95）， peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor γ （PPARγ）， brain-derived neurotrophic factor （BDNF） and tropomyosin receptor kinase B （TrkB）， as well as mRNA expressions of NeuN， Syn-1 and PSD-95 were detected. RESULTS Compared with the model group， mNSS， corner turning percentage and neuronal apoptotic rate were decreased significantly in Gualou guizhi granule group （P＜0.01）； GAP43 represented weak immunoreactivity， and MAP2 represented moderate immunoreactivity； protein expressions of NeuN， Syn-1， PSD-95， PPARγ， BDNF， TrkB and mRNA expressions of Syn-1， NeuN， PSD-95 were all increased significantly （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS Gualou guizhi granule can promote synaptic plasticity by activating BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway， thus playing a protective role in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats.

Objective:To establish a polymerase chain reaction(PCR)method to accurately discriminate the crude materials and aqueous extract of Zaocys dhumnades,Elaphe carinata,Elaphe meollendorff and Ptyas korros.Methods:Specific primers were designed using mitochondrial Cytb gene(CO1)as a target gene,and annealing temperature,number of cycles and the type of DNA polymerases were optimized.The mixed samples were detected by this method.Results:By this multiplex allele-specific PCR identification method,135,182,246 and 197 bp of specific fragments were amplified from DNA templates of Zaocys dhumnades,Elaphe carinata,Elaphe meollendorffi and Ptyas korros,respectively,following the conditions:cycle number of 35,annealing temperature of 62 ℃.The adulterants and the blank control showed no bands.The method could simultaneously and accurately identify the snake-derived components in the mixed samples.Conclusion:The method can be used to identify the samples of Zaocys dhumnades,Elaphe carinata,Elaphe meollendorffi and Ptyas korros simultaneously,accurately and rapidly,and is suitable for the identification of standard decoctiond and formula granules samples.

Objective To explore the imaging findings and diagnostic value of magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)on thoracolumbar burst fractures accompanied with Kummell's disease.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 102 patients with suspected thoracolumbar burst fractures accompanied with Kummell's disease in Sichuan Province Orthopedic Hospital.All patients underwent MRI examination.The clinical surgical diagnosis was taken as the gold standard to study the diagnostic value of MRI on thoracolumbar burst fractures accompanied with Kummell's disease and the detection of ligament injuries at thoracolumbar fracture site,and the MRI findings of thoracolumbar burst fractures accompanied with Kummell's disease were analyzed.Results The surgical results reported that out of 102 cases,58 cases were positive for thoracolumbar burst fractures accompanied with Kummell's disease and 44 cases were negative,while MRI diagnosis revealed that there were 60 positive cases and 42 negative cases,including 5 cases of missed diagnoses and 7 cases of misdiagnoses.MRI had a diagnostic sensitivity,specificity,accuracy,positive predictive value,negative predictive value and Kappa value of 91.37%,84.09%,88.23%,88.33%,88.09%and 0.758,respectively,indicating a high consistency with surgical results.The detection rates of anterior longitudinal ligament,posterior longitudinal ligament,supraspinous ligament and interspinous ligament injuries through MRI were close to surgical results(P>0.05).MRI examination showed various degrees of vertebral compression and flattening in 30 cases out of 58 cases of thoracolumbar burst fractures accompanied with Kummell's disease,and wedge-shaped changes in 25 cases.On MRI plain scan,normal bone marrow signals were still found in vertebral body in 28 cases.There were 54 cases with patchy T2WI hypointensity and lipid-suppression hypointensity in vertebral body,4 cases with thin epidural hematoma at corresponding level of vertebral body,33 cases with hypointensity on T2WI of the injured vertebral body,and 17 cases with hyperintensity on T2WI of the injured vertebral body,with the damaged ligament area being black banded structure fracture and hyperintensity on T2WI.Conclusion MRI has high diagnostic value on thoracolumbar burst fractures accompanied with Kummell's disease,and it can clearly display the signal characteristics of the diseased vertebra.

Objective To observe the effect of Liuhe Pills combined with sitz bath in povidone iodine diluent for nursing of perianal infection in patients with hematologic malignancy. Methods A total of 180 hematologic malignancy patients complicated with perianal infection in the Department of Hematology from January 2020 to December 2022 were selected as research objects. According to the order of hospital admission, they were divided into control group (n=90) and experimental group (n=90). The control group was treated with sitz bath in 1∶200 povidone iodine diluent on the basis of routine perianal cleaning care, while the experimental group was treated with external application of Liuhe Pills on the basis of the control group. The clinical efficacy, perianal pain score and perianal adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results After intervention, the total effective rate of the experimental group was 95.56%, which was significantly higher than 83.33% of the control group (P < 0.01). There were significant differences in perianal pain scores between two groups at 2, 3, 7 and 14 days after intervention (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Patients in both groups did not have serious adverse reactions; the incidence of adverse reactions was 14.44% in the control group, which showed no significant difference when compared to 16.67% in the experimental group (P>0.05). Conclusion Application of Liuhe Pills combined with sitz bath in povidone iodine diluent is effective in the nursing of perianal infection in patients with hematologic malignancy, which can alleviate the pain and promote the recovery.

Objective To explore the relationship between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-short time inversion recovery (STIR) signal changes and computerized tomography (CT) fracture line types of osteoporotic vertebral fractures. Methods The clinical data and MRI as well as CT imaging signs of 108 patients with osteoporotic vertebral fractures were retrospectively analyzed. The types of CT fracture lines and CT values of patients changed by different MRI-STIR signals were compared. Results After MRI examination, a total of 121 vertebrae were fractured in the enrolled patients. STIR sequence showed 45 sections of black line signal, 36 sections of no homologous high signal and 40 sections of homologous high signal; CT showed that there were 51 cases of fracture line insertion, 33 cases of fracture cracking and 37 cases of microfracture. The positive rate of vertebral CT fracture line with intercalation type was significantly higher in patients with no homologous high signal and homologous high signal with MRI-STIR sequence (P < 0.05); the positive rate of vertebral CT fracture line with microfracture type in patients with homologous high signal on MRI-STIR sequence was significantly higher than that with black line signal and without homologous high signal (P < 0.05); the vertebral CT value of patients with black line signal shown in MRI-STIR sequence was significantly lower than that of patients without homologous high signal and homologous high signal (P < 0.05). Conclusion There is a certain correlation between the changes of MRI-STIR signal and the type of CT fracture line. Patients with STIR sequences showing black line signals have a higher risk of vertebral impingement fracture and a poor prognosis.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the genetic basis for three fetuses with duodenal atresia or stenosis detected by ultrasonography. METHODS: Clinical data of three fetuses identified at the Women's Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang University School of Medicine between January 2021 and August 2022 were collected. Umbilical cord blood and amniotic fluid samples of the fetuses and peripheral blood samples of their parents were collected and subjected to G-banded chromosomal karyotyping and single nucleotide polymorphism array (SNP array) analysis. RESULTS: Prenatal ultrasound of the three fetuses revealed duodenal atresia or stenosis. No karyotypic abnormality was detected, whilst SNP array has identified 1.4 ~ 1.9 Mb duplications at 17q12 in all of them, which were all predicted to be pathogenic copy number variations (CNVs). CONCLUSION The 17q12 duplications probably underlay the duodenal atresia and stenosis in these fetuses, and chromosomal CNVs should be considered in duodenal atresia and stenosis.
Pregnancy ; Humans ; Female ; DNA Copy Number Variations ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Fetus/diagnostic imaging* ; Chromosome Aberrations

Biliary atresia is a rare infant disease that predisposes patients to liver transplantation and death if not treated in time. However, early diagnosis is challenging because the clinical manifestations and laboratory tests of biliary atresia overlap with other cholestatic diseases. Therefore, it is very important to develop a simple, safe and reliable method for the early diagnosis of biliary atresia. Herein, a novel NIR-II fluorescence probe, HZL2, with high quantum yield, excellent biocompatibility, low cytotoxicity and rapid excretion through the liver and gallbladder was developed based on the oil/water partition coefficient and permeability. A simple fecal sample after injection of HZL2 can be used to efficiently identify the success of the mouse model of biliary atresia for the first time, allowing for an early diagnosis of the disease. This study not only developed a simple and safe method for the early diagnosis of biliary atresia with great potential in clinical translation but also provides a research tool for the development of pathogenesis and therapeutic medicines for biliary atresia.