OBJECTIVE:Disorders in iron metabolism increase the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus.Hepcidin play an important role in maintaining iron homeostasis in the body,but its level increases with increased inflammation.Changes in hepcidin and iron homeostasis and the extent of their association with inflammation in people with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus are unknown.Meta-analysis was used to evaluate the effect of inflammation on serum hepcidin and iron metabolism related parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.METHODS:CNKI,PubMed,Web of Science and EBSCOhost databases were searched by computer to collect observational studies related to inflammatory index and hepcidin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.The search time was from September 1,2000 to September 30,2024.Three researchers independently screened the literature,extracted data and evaluated the quality of the included literature.Meta-analysis was performed by Review Manager 5.3,Stata 17.0 and GraphPad Prism 8.0.2 software.RESULTS:A total of 15 articles(17 studies)involving 3 159 participants,including 1 357 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus,were included.Meta-analysis results showed that compared with the control group,patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus had higher levels of serum hepcidin[standardized mean difference(SMD)=0.35,95％confidence interval(CI)(0.05,0.65),P＜0.05],serum ferritin(SMD=0.49,95％CI(0.21,0.78),P＜0.01)and serum transferrin(SMD=0.19,95％CI(0.00,0.37),P＜0.05).Subgroup analysis results indicated that inflammation had a significant effect on serum hepcidin(SMD=0.76,95％CI(0.17,1.34),P＜0.05)and serum ferritin(SMD=0.77,95％CI(0.06,1.47),P＜0.05)in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.CONCLUSION:Hepcidin concentration is positively correlated with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Inflammation is one of the risk factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus.Early prevention of inflammation has certain significance in preventing iron metabolism disorder in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

BackgroundAnxiety disorder is a common mental disorder， with its prevalence showing a continuous upward trend， significantly affecting the quality of life and social function of patients. Due to the lack of objective and reliable biomarkers in clinical practice， the early identification and treatment of anxiety disorder have been somewhat limited. Plasma proteins have the potential to serve as biomarkers for mental diseases， however， the causal relationship between them and anxiety disorder remains unclear. ObjectiveTo identify the plasma proteins that have a causal relationship with anxiety disorders， and to elucidate the associated biological pathways， in order to provide references for the search for biomarkers of anxiety disorders and the exploration of potential therapeutic targets. MethodsBased on the protein quantitative trait locus （pQTL） data of 4 907 plasma proteins covering 35 559 Icelandic individuals from the deCODE database， and the genome-wide association studies （GWAS） data of 50 486 patients with anxiety disorders and 330 460 healthy controls， the inverse-variance weighted （IVW） method was used as the main analysis method， supplemented by MR-Egger method， weighted median method， simple model method， and weighted model method for bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis. Enrichment analysis of gene ontology （GO） and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes （KEGG） pathways was conducted for the related proteins. Sensitivity analysis was performed using Cochran's Q test， MR-Egger intercept test， MR-PRESSO test， and leave-one-out analysis to evaluate the robustness of the results. ResultsA total of 10 plasma proteins were identified as significantly associated with anxiety disorders. Among these， SPATA9 （OR=0.856， 95% CI： 0.784–0.934， P<0.01） and PDE5A （OR=0.911， 95% CI： 0.864–0.961， P<0.01） were identified as protective factors， while CRYGD （OR=1.209， 95% CI： 1.095–1.334， P<0.01）， BTN3A3 （OR=1.045， 95% CI： 1.018–1.073， P<0.01）， SERPINB13 （OR=1.102， 95% CI： 1.040–1.168， P<0.01）， ERBB4 （OR=1.283， 95% CI： 1.109–1.484， P<0.01）， LSAMP （OR=1.096， 95% CI： 1.037–1.158， P<0.01）， ICOSLG （OR=1.283， 95% CI： 1.104–1.490， P<0.01）， DNAJB11 （OR=1.172， 95% CI： 1.076–1.277， P<0.01）， and TREML1 （OR=1.115， 95% CI： 1.054–1.179， P<0.01） were identified as risk factors. The sensitivity analysis showed that the results were robust， with no heterogeneity （Cochran's Q test P>0.05） or pleiotropy （MR-Egger intercept test P>0.05）. Enrichment analysis indicated that these plasma proteins were enriched in biological processes such as T-cell signal transduction， lymphocyte proliferation， cell membrane structure and synaptic function， as well as the intestinal immune network that produces IgA and the ErbB signaling pathway. ConclusionThis study identified 10 plasma proteins associated with anxiety disorders. The functions of these plasma proteins involve multiple biological processes such as neural development and immune regulation.

OBJECTIVE:Disorders in iron metabolism increase the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus.Hepcidin play an important role in maintaining iron homeostasis in the body,but its level increases with increased inflammation.Changes in hepcidin and iron homeostasis and the extent of their association with inflammation in people with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus are unknown.Meta-analysis was used to evaluate the effect of inflammation on serum hepcidin and iron metabolism related parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.METHODS:CNKI,PubMed,Web of Science and EBSCOhost databases were searched by computer to collect observational studies related to inflammatory index and hepcidin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.The search time was from September 1,2000 to September 30,2024.Three researchers independently screened the literature,extracted data and evaluated the quality of the included literature.Meta-analysis was performed by Review Manager 5.3,Stata 17.0 and GraphPad Prism 8.0.2 software.RESULTS:A total of 15 articles(17 studies)involving 3 159 participants,including 1 357 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus,were included.Meta-analysis results showed that compared with the control group,patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus had higher levels of serum hepcidin[standardized mean difference(SMD)=0.35,95％confidence interval(CI)(0.05,0.65),P＜0.05],serum ferritin(SMD=0.49,95％CI(0.21,0.78),P＜0.01)and serum transferrin(SMD=0.19,95％CI(0.00,0.37),P＜0.05).Subgroup analysis results indicated that inflammation had a significant effect on serum hepcidin(SMD=0.76,95％CI(0.17,1.34),P＜0.05)and serum ferritin(SMD=0.77,95％CI(0.06,1.47),P＜0.05)in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.CONCLUSION:Hepcidin concentration is positively correlated with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Inflammation is one of the risk factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus.Early prevention of inflammation has certain significance in preventing iron metabolism disorder in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to determine the impact of solute carrier family 3 member 2 (SLC3A2) on the malignant phenotype of gliomas and its role in regulating ferroptosis sensitivity. Materials and Methods: The malignant phenotype of glioma was assessed by cell proliferation assay, colony formation assay, EdU assay, wound healing, and Transwell experiments. We further validated the impact of reduced SLC3A2 expression on the sensitivity to ferroptosis in glioma cells through Cell Counting Kit-8 assays, flow cytometry, western blotting, and transmission electron microscopy. Western blot was used to explore how SLC3A2 affects glioma sensitivity to ferroptosis through the AKT/NF-E2-related factor 2 (NRF2)/glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) axis. By establishing a subcutaneous xenograft tumor model in BALB/c-nude mice, we investigated the growth of tumors following the knockout of SLC3A2 in glioma cells. Results: Downregulation of SLC3A2 suppressed the malignant phenotype of glioma by blocking the cell cycle and epithelial-mesenchymal transition processes. On the other hand, loss of SLC3A2 not only downregulated SLC7A11 but also prevented the activation of the AKT/NRF2/GPX4 axis. These lead to increased accumulation of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxides, ultimately enhancing the susceptibility of glioma to ferroptosis. Conclusion Our findings suggest that SLC3A2 is an oncogene in gliomas, promoting their occurrence and development. It plays a critical role in ferroptosis resistance through the AKT/NRF2/GPX4 axis.

Objective:To elucidate the role of solute carrier protein 7,family member 11(SLC7A11)/Glutathione peroxi-dase 4(glutathione peroxidase 4,GPx4)regulated ferroptosis pathway in the improvement of sarcopenia through aerobic exercise,and to identify a new target for the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia with exercise.Method:Twenty 52-week-old Specific pathogen Free(SPF)C57BL/6 male mice were randomly divided into the old control group(OC)and the old exercise group(OE).There were 10 mice in each group.Following one week of adaptive exercise,moderate-intensity exercise with incremental load was implemented as follows:14 m/min at 1-2 weeks,15 m/min at 3-4 weeks,16m/min at 5-10weeks,17m/min at 11-16weeks,60min/d,all with a slope of 0°.Gastrocnemius was harvested for ultrathin electron microscope sections.The levels of Glutathione(GSH),muscle glycogen and non-heme iron(non-heme iron)were measured by spectro-photometer.The serum ferritin(SF),mitochondrial 8-hydroxy-2 deoxyguanosine(8-OHdG)and 4-Hydroxynone-na(4-HNE)were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Western blot was used to detect the expression of iron metabolism-related proteins,such as GPx4,SLC7A11,ferroportin 1(FPN1)and ferri-tin heavy chain 1(FTH1)in gastrocnemius muscle.Result:①Compared with OC,the wet weights of quadriceps femoris and gastrocnemius in OE were signifi-cantly increased(P＜0.01).In the exercise group,mitochondrial cristae arranged neatly and densely,and the light and dark bands of myofilaments were clear.In the aged control group,the mitochondrial cristae of gas-trocnemius muscle were disrupted,vacuolated or pyknotic,showing typical features of ferroptosis.② The SF and the iron content of gastrocnemius muscle were decreased in OE(P＜0.01).③ The levels of 4-HNE and 8-OHdG in gastrocnemius muscle of OE were significantly lower than those of OC(P＜0.01).The GSH content in gastrocnemius of OE was significantly higher than that of OC(P＜0.01).④ The expressions of SLC7A11,GPx4,FPN1 and FTH1 in gastrocnemius muscle of OE were significantly higher than those of OC(P＜0.01).Conclusion:Moderate aerobic exercise can prevent age-related sarcopenia by activating the SLC7A11/GPx4 pathway and inhibiting mitochondrial ferroptosis.

Osteofascial compartment syndrome(OCS)is a serious complication frequently occurring in the orthopedic department,and delayed treatment may result in irreversible limb damage.With the increase of traffic trauma accidents in modern times,the incidence and disability risk of OCS have increased,so it has been widely concerned by medicine.Based on the clinical characteristics of OCS in traditional Chinese and Western medicine,this paper summarized the commonly used animal models of OCS by referring to CNKI and PubMed literature,and evaluated the data of the animal models'coincidence in combination with clinical diagnostic criteria,analyzed the comprehensive characteristics of the models,and provided a feasible reference for the animal models in the treatment of OCS in modern traditional Chinese and Western medicine.The results showed that the most commonly used OCS model was the rabbit model,which was constructed with pressure damage.Most of the methods are provided by foreign research institutes,but there is no research on the model of combining disease and syndrome of OCS with traditional Chinese and Western medicine,which brings certain obstacles to disease research.Therefore,this study summarized the advantages and disadvantages of the existing model of OCS through a large number of literature analysis,and put forward suggestions for the preparation of the model of combining traditional Chinese and Western medicine with fundamental theories of traditional Chinese and Western medicine.

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),as the most common type of liver cancer,poses a significant threat to global public health due to its high incidence and mortality rates.This paper delves into the etiology,pathogenesis,and syndrome differentiation of liver cancer from the perspective of"dispersing qi and fortifying the body resistance",based on the clinical experience of renowned traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)practitioner,Prof.Changquan Ling.Prof.Ling believes that the development of liver cancer is closely related to the disruption of liver qi flow,the accumulation of blood stasis over time,and the generation of toxin from long-term stagnation,accompanied by pathological changes such as imbalance of yin and yang,deficiency of the body's vital qi and accumulation of pathogenic factors,and internal blazing of cancer toxins.In terms of treatment,he emphasizes the principles of dispersing qi and fortifying the body resistance,addressing both the root cause and symptoms.This is achieved by regulating the functions of viscera,improving the stagnation of qi flow,and supplemented by methods such as clearing heat and detoxifying,and softening and dispersing hard masses,aiming to break the vicious cycle of qi stagnation,deficiency of vital qi,and pathogenic factor generation,thereby promoting the recovery from the disease.Through detailed analysis of clinical cases,this paper demonstrates Prof.Ling's unique insights and significant efficacy in treating liver cancer through"dispersing qi"to"fortify the body resistance",ultimately achieving"tumor suppression".This provides new references and perspectives for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of liver cancer in TCM.

Osteofascial compartment syndrome(OCS)is a serious complication frequently occurring in the orthopedic department,and delayed treatment may result in irreversible limb damage.With the increase of traffic trauma accidents in modern times,the incidence and disability risk of OCS have increased,so it has been widely concerned by medicine.Based on the clinical characteristics of OCS in traditional Chinese and Western medicine,this paper summarized the commonly used animal models of OCS by referring to CNKI and PubMed literature,and evaluated the data of the animal models'coincidence in combination with clinical diagnostic criteria,analyzed the comprehensive characteristics of the models,and provided a feasible reference for the animal models in the treatment of OCS in modern traditional Chinese and Western medicine.The results showed that the most commonly used OCS model was the rabbit model,which was constructed with pressure damage.Most of the methods are provided by foreign research institutes,but there is no research on the model of combining disease and syndrome of OCS with traditional Chinese and Western medicine,which brings certain obstacles to disease research.Therefore,this study summarized the advantages and disadvantages of the existing model of OCS through a large number of literature analysis,and put forward suggestions for the preparation of the model of combining traditional Chinese and Western medicine with fundamental theories of traditional Chinese and Western medicine.

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),as the most common type of liver cancer,poses a significant threat to global public health due to its high incidence and mortality rates.This paper delves into the etiology,pathogenesis,and syndrome differentiation of liver cancer from the perspective of"dispersing qi and fortifying the body resistance",based on the clinical experience of renowned traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)practitioner,Prof.Changquan Ling.Prof.Ling believes that the development of liver cancer is closely related to the disruption of liver qi flow,the accumulation of blood stasis over time,and the generation of toxin from long-term stagnation,accompanied by pathological changes such as imbalance of yin and yang,deficiency of the body's vital qi and accumulation of pathogenic factors,and internal blazing of cancer toxins.In terms of treatment,he emphasizes the principles of dispersing qi and fortifying the body resistance,addressing both the root cause and symptoms.This is achieved by regulating the functions of viscera,improving the stagnation of qi flow,and supplemented by methods such as clearing heat and detoxifying,and softening and dispersing hard masses,aiming to break the vicious cycle of qi stagnation,deficiency of vital qi,and pathogenic factor generation,thereby promoting the recovery from the disease.Through detailed analysis of clinical cases,this paper demonstrates Prof.Ling's unique insights and significant efficacy in treating liver cancer through"dispersing qi"to"fortify the body resistance",ultimately achieving"tumor suppression".This provides new references and perspectives for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of liver cancer in TCM.

Objective To explore the relationship between gut microbiota and adult hippocampal neu-rogenesis(AHN)in the prevention of age-related neurological decline by aerobic exercise,and to clar-ify the role of microbiota-gut-brain axis in exercise enhancing AHN.Methods Sixteen 52-week-old SPF C57BL/6 male mice were randomly divided into an old control group(OC)and an old aerobic ex-ercise group(OE),each of 8.The OE group underwent 16-week incremental load treadmill exercise,while the control group kept quiet.After the intervention,the contents of 5-Hydroxytryptamine(5-HT),γ-aminobutyric acid(GABA)and Dopamine(DA)in hippocampus were detected using ELISA,while those of glutamic amino acid(Glu)in hippocampus,as well as Acetylcholine(Ach)in hippocam-pus and serum was determined by using the ultraviolet colorimetric method.Moreover,hippocampal in-sulin-like growth factors 1(IGF1)and vascular epithelial growth factor(VEGF)and brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)proteins expression were measured using Western blotting.Meanwhile,fe-cal samples were collected for microbiota analysis by 16S rDNA sequencing.Results① After 16-week aerobic exercise,compared with the OC group,the contents of 5-HT and Glu(P<0.01),DA and GA-BA(P<0.05)in hippocampus increased in the OE group.Moreover,the hippocampal and serum Ach levels in the OE group increased significantly,compared to the OC group(P<0.01).②Compared with the OC group,the expression of BDNF,VEGF and IGF1 in the OE group increased significantly(P<0.01)after 16-week aerobic exercise.③Compared with the OC group,the diversity of microbiota in the OE group increased significantly(P<0.01)after the intervention.Moreover,the relative abundance of bacteroidetes and tenericutes increased,while that of proteobacteria decreased significantly in the OE group(P<0.01).Conclusions The composition of gut microbiota and the expression of central neu-rotransmitters in aged mice were significantly improved after 16-week incremental load aerobic exer-cise.Moreover,the expression of hippocampal neurogenesis related factors and the content of central neurotransmitters in adult individuals were promoted.The microbiota-gut-brain axis plays an important role in exercise improving AHN in aged mice.