AIM:To analyze the association between mobile phone addiction and high myopia among college students.METHODS:We conducted a cross-sectional questionnaire survey in December 2022 on all students of a university in Shaanxi Province, and the questionnaire included socio-demographic characteristics, mobile phone addiction, high myopia, and lifestyle. Binary Logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between mobile phone addiction and high myopia among college students.RESULTS:A total of 19 952 college students were included. The prevalence of high myopia was 7.31%. The rate of mobile phone addiction was 25.68%, and the mobile phone addiction score was 37.59±13.38. The incidence of high myopia among college students with mobile phone addiction was higher than non-mobile phone addiction(P<0.001). After adjusting for socio-demographic characteristics and lifestyle, the risk of high myopia among college students with mobile phone addiction was 1.274 times(95%CI:1.131-1.434)higher than non-mobile phone addiction. For each point increase of total mobile phone addiction score, withdrawal symptoms score, salience score, social comfort score, and mood changes score, the risk of high myopia among college students increased by 0.9%(95%CI:1.005-1.013), 2.0%(95%CI:1.010-1.030), 2.6%(95%CI:1.010-1.043), 4.8%(95%CI:1.030-1.066), and 3.3%(95%CI:1.014-1.052), respectively.CONCLUSION:Mobile phone addiction is significantly associated with the increased risk of high myopia among college students, and early intervention of mobile phone use may reduce the risk of high myopia among college students.

Objective To understand the current situation of the management of patients'self-provided infusion drugs in secondary and above general hospitals in China,and to provide a theoretical and practical basis for improving the management system.Methods The annual pharmacy professional quality control work survey conducted by the National Pharmaceutical Management Professional Quality Control Center was used to obtain information on the management of patients'self-provided infusion drugs in secondary and above general hospitals in 31 provinces(autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government)and the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps of Chinese mainland from 2020 to 2022,and was summarized and calculated using data-processing software.Results The total number of secondary and above general hospitals included in the analysis from 2020 to 2022 is 4 786,5 063 and 6 041,respectively.In 2022,compared with 2020,the percentage of hospitals allowing patients to use self-provided infused drugs decreased from 55.08％to 48.54％,the percentage of hospitals that have established a system for managing patients' self-provided drugs increased from 81.54％to 98.09％,and the percentage of hospitalized patients' use of self-provided drugs that are all documented in their medical orders increased from 79.76％to 90.72％.The types of drugs that hospitals allow patients to use for self-provided infusion are mainly antitumor drugs,the places where self-provided infusion drugs are dispensed are mainly clinical departments(wards),and the main source of self-provided infusion drugs is self-pickup by patients.Conclusion Hospitals should establish a management system for patients'self-provided drugs,strengthen the information management of self-provided infusion drugs,and ensure drug supply and medication safety for patients.

Objective To compare five time series models and predict the monthly incidence of bacillary dysentery in Qinghai Province in 2024,and provide reference for the prevention and control.Methods The epidemic charac-teristics of bacterial dysentery in Qinghai Province from 2014 to 2023 were analyzed.R4.3.1 software was used for establishing seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average(SARIMA)model,Holt-Winters triple exponential smoothing(Holt Winters)model,exponential smoothing(ETS)model,neural network autoregression(NNAR)model,and trigonometric seasonality,Box-Cox transformation,ARMA errors,trend and seasonal components(TBATS)model.Fitting effect of the models was analyzed and accuracy was compared.Results From 2014 to 2023,a total of 5 833 cases of bacterial dysentery were reported in Qinghai Province,without deaths,male to fe-male ratio being 1.23∶1.The highest incidence was reported in 2016(15.45 per 100 000 people),and the lowest in-cidence was reported in 2023(3.68 per 100 000 people).Incidence increased from 2014 to 2016,then decreased,showing an obvious overall downward trend.Case number in＜5 years age group was the highest,accounting for 29.76％of the total cases(n=1 736).Regarding population distribution,the top three were children in childcare institutions and scattered children(35.56％),farmers(24.65％),and students(12.62％).Except the additive Holt-Winters model,the predicted trends of the other four models were consistent with actuality.The ETS model had the best fitting effect,with a relatively balanced overall performance(training set:MAE=0.13,RMSE=0.21,MAPE=19.55％;testing set:MAE=0.11,RMSE=0.16,MAPE=28.66％).It is recommended to pre-dict the incidence of bacillary dysentery in Qinghai Province based on ETS model.Conclusion From 2014 to 2023,bacterial dysentery in Qinghai Province showed a downward trend,with the peak of the epidemic from June to Au-gust.Preschool and scattered children were high-risk groups.Among the five prediction models,ETS model has the best fitting effect,and can be used to predict the incidence of bacillary dysentery.

Objective To investigate the dynamic changes in pulmonary function after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(HSCT)in children and compare pulmonary function differences between children with benign and malignant hematological diseases.Methods A total of 233 children who underwent allogeneic HSCT in the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University,Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital from June 2015 to December 2023 were selected as subjects,according to the original disease,children were divided into benign group(n=142)and malignant group(n=91).Pulmonary function examination data were collected pre-transplant and at 3,6,9,12,18 and 24 months post-transplant,dynamic trajectories of pulmonary function parameters were analyzed.Results Forced expiratory volume in one second(FEV1)recovered after reaching its lowest in benign group in 6th month post-transplantation,while in malignant group in 9th month(P＜0.001).FEV1/forced vital capacity(FVC)reached its lowest value in 18th month and then recovered(P＜0.001).FEV1,FEV1/FVC,total lung capacity(TLC)and carbon monoxide diffusing capacity(DLCO)were significantly lower in malignant group than those in benign group at most time points(P＜0.05).Reduced DLCO was most common abnormality.Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that those with negative slopes of FEV1,FEV1/FVC,and FVC changes in first 3 months post-transplantation were more likely develop to restrictive ventilatory disorder,and those with negative FEV1/FVC slopes had a significantly higher risk of obstructive ventilatory disorder(P＜0.05).Conlusion Pulmonary dysfunction is prevalent in children after allogeneic HSCT.Pulmonary function parameters of children in malignant group were significantly lower than those in benign group and children recovery was slower.Patients with negative slopes of pulmonary function changes in the first 3 months after post-transplantation are more likely develop to pulmonary dysfunction.

Objective To compare five time series models and predict the monthly incidence of bacillary dysentery in Qinghai Province in 2024,and provide reference for the prevention and control.Methods The epidemic charac-teristics of bacterial dysentery in Qinghai Province from 2014 to 2023 were analyzed.R4.3.1 software was used for establishing seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average(SARIMA)model,Holt-Winters triple exponential smoothing(Holt Winters)model,exponential smoothing(ETS)model,neural network autoregression(NNAR)model,and trigonometric seasonality,Box-Cox transformation,ARMA errors,trend and seasonal components(TBATS)model.Fitting effect of the models was analyzed and accuracy was compared.Results From 2014 to 2023,a total of 5 833 cases of bacterial dysentery were reported in Qinghai Province,without deaths,male to fe-male ratio being 1.23∶1.The highest incidence was reported in 2016(15.45 per 100 000 people),and the lowest in-cidence was reported in 2023(3.68 per 100 000 people).Incidence increased from 2014 to 2016,then decreased,showing an obvious overall downward trend.Case number in＜5 years age group was the highest,accounting for 29.76％of the total cases(n=1 736).Regarding population distribution,the top three were children in childcare institutions and scattered children(35.56％),farmers(24.65％),and students(12.62％).Except the additive Holt-Winters model,the predicted trends of the other four models were consistent with actuality.The ETS model had the best fitting effect,with a relatively balanced overall performance(training set:MAE=0.13,RMSE=0.21,MAPE=19.55％;testing set:MAE=0.11,RMSE=0.16,MAPE=28.66％).It is recommended to pre-dict the incidence of bacillary dysentery in Qinghai Province based on ETS model.Conclusion From 2014 to 2023,bacterial dysentery in Qinghai Province showed a downward trend,with the peak of the epidemic from June to Au-gust.Preschool and scattered children were high-risk groups.Among the five prediction models,ETS model has the best fitting effect,and can be used to predict the incidence of bacillary dysentery.

To investigate the infection status of two arboviruses,akabane orthobunyavirus(AKAV)and bluetongue virus(BTV),in cattle herds of Guizhou Province,we employed the indirect ELISA method to detect AKAV and BTV antibody levels in the present experiment.A total of 1504 bovine serum samples from 37 large-scale farms and 88 free-range households from 26 districts or coun-ties of 7 cities(prefectures)of Guizhou Province were collected to detect AKAV antibody levels.Additionally,1 241 serum samples from 30 large-scale farms and 15 free-range households in 19 districts or counties of 3 cities(prefectures)were tested for BTV antibody levels.Moreover,two influencing factors,breeding mode and sampling season,were statistically analyzed for their effects.The results showed that the overall positive rate of AKAV antibodies was 11.64％(175/1 504),with individual positive rates of 13.20％(123/934)and 9.12％(52/570)in large-scale farms and free-range households,respectively.No significant differences were observed between the two groups.However,the farm positive rate(64.86％,24/37)in large-scale farms was significantly higher than that(26.14％,23/88)in free-range households.Seasonal statistics showed that the positive rate was highest during the summer season at 60.00％(12/20).The total positive rate of BTV antibodies was 25.42％(222/1 241).The farm positive rate and individual positive rate in free-range households were 66.67％(10/15)and 41.91％(57/136),respectively.For large-scale farms,these rates were 60.00％(18/30)and 14.93％(165/1 105),respectively.The individual pos-itive rate in free-range households was significantly higher than that in large-scale farms.Seasonal statistics showed that the positive rates in summer and autumn seasons were 50.00％(5/10)and 72.41％(21/29),respectively,both of which were significantly higher than those in winter and spring seasons.All these findings indicated that both AKAV and BTV were present to a certain ex-tent in Guizhou Province,with seasonality.Furthermore,differences were observed between the different breeding modes.Our results could provide a data reference for the formulation of preven-tion and control measures for the two insect-borne diseases.

Objective:To explore the factors influencing the success rate of culturing patient-derived gastric and colorectal cancer organoids.Methods:From Feb 2022 to Oct 2023, 398 tumor tissue specimens from patients who underwent gastric cancer and colorectal cancer resection at the Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, were used for organoid culture. The clinicopathological factors affecting the success rate of organoid culture were analyzed.Results:The overall success rate of organoid culture in this group was 75.1% (299/398), with the success rate of gastric cancer organoid culture being 79.8%(154/193) and that of colorectal cancer being 70.7% (145/205). Different clinicopathological T stage ( χ2=4.765, P<0.05),histological type ( χ2=11.248, P<0.05), and tumor regression grade (TRG) grade after neoadjuvant chemotherapy ( χ2=7.797, P<0.05) were related to the success rate of organoid culture . Multivariate analysis showed that the TRG grade was an independent influencing factor( P=0.040). For colorectal cancer, different pathological T stage ( χ2=5.108, P<0.05), histological type ( χ2=11.270, P<0.05), and TRG grade after neoadjuvant chemotherapy ( χ2=6.797, P<0.05) were related to the success rate of organoidculture . Different from gastric cancer, the results of multivariate analysis of colorectal cancer showed that the histological type was an independent influencing factor ( P=0.018). Conclusions:The pathologic T stage, histological type of tumors, and TRG of cancer patients all have a significant impact on the success rate of establishing tumor organoids. Among them, the TRG grade is an independent influencing factor for the culture of gastric cancer organoids, and the histological type is an independent influencing factor for colorectal cancer organoids.

To investigate the infection status of two arboviruses,akabane orthobunyavirus(AKAV)and bluetongue virus(BTV),in cattle herds of Guizhou Province,we employed the indirect ELISA method to detect AKAV and BTV antibody levels in the present experiment.A total of 1504 bovine serum samples from 37 large-scale farms and 88 free-range households from 26 districts or coun-ties of 7 cities(prefectures)of Guizhou Province were collected to detect AKAV antibody levels.Additionally,1 241 serum samples from 30 large-scale farms and 15 free-range households in 19 districts or counties of 3 cities(prefectures)were tested for BTV antibody levels.Moreover,two influencing factors,breeding mode and sampling season,were statistically analyzed for their effects.The results showed that the overall positive rate of AKAV antibodies was 11.64％(175/1 504),with individual positive rates of 13.20％(123/934)and 9.12％(52/570)in large-scale farms and free-range households,respectively.No significant differences were observed between the two groups.However,the farm positive rate(64.86％,24/37)in large-scale farms was significantly higher than that(26.14％,23/88)in free-range households.Seasonal statistics showed that the positive rate was highest during the summer season at 60.00％(12/20).The total positive rate of BTV antibodies was 25.42％(222/1 241).The farm positive rate and individual positive rate in free-range households were 66.67％(10/15)and 41.91％(57/136),respectively.For large-scale farms,these rates were 60.00％(18/30)and 14.93％(165/1 105),respectively.The individual pos-itive rate in free-range households was significantly higher than that in large-scale farms.Seasonal statistics showed that the positive rates in summer and autumn seasons were 50.00％(5/10)and 72.41％(21/29),respectively,both of which were significantly higher than those in winter and spring seasons.All these findings indicated that both AKAV and BTV were present to a certain ex-tent in Guizhou Province,with seasonality.Furthermore,differences were observed between the different breeding modes.Our results could provide a data reference for the formulation of preven-tion and control measures for the two insect-borne diseases.

Objective:To explore the distribution of HIV-1 genetic subtypes and drug resistance profiles among HIV-1 infected patients with antiretroviral treatment (ART) failure in Henan Province and to provide evidence for optimizing ART regimens.Methods:HIV-1 infected patients who had received ART for at least 6 months with viral loads (VL) ≥200 copies/ml in 18 cities of Henan from January to December 2023. The plasma samples were collected, and partial pol gene sequences and full-length integrase ( int) gene sequences of HIV-1 were amplified using nested RT-PCR. HIV-1 subtypes were determined using the REGA HIV-1 subtyping tool, and drug resistance mutations were analyzed using the Stanford University HIV Drug Resistance Database ( http://hivdb.stanford.edu/). Chi-square tests and multivariate logistic regression were used to identify risk factors associated with drug resistance of HIV-1 infected patients. Results:Among 697 HIV-1 infected patients with ART failure, 14 HIV-1 genetic subtypes were identified. Subtype B was predominant (58.68%, 409/697), followed by CRF01_AE (21.95%, 153/697) and CRF07_BC (12.91%, 90/697). The overall drug resistance rate was 72.31% (504/697), with CRF55_01B exhibiting a resistance rate of 91.30% (21/23). Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) had the highest resistance mutation rate (67.29%, 469/697), followed by nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs)(56.81%, 396/697), protease inhibitors (PIs)(5.74%, 40/697), and integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs)(2.75%, 19/691). The results of multivariate analysis showed that the positive correlation factor for drug resistance in HIV-1 infected individuals with failed ART was baseline CD4 +T lymphocyte counts <200 cells/μl (a OR=3.84, 95% CI: 1.69-8.72), and the negative correlation factor was ART duration of 3-5 years (a OR=0.32, 95% CI: 0.13-0.77), the initial treatment ART protocol used two types of NRTIs plus one type of PIs (a OR=0.14, 95% CI: 0.05-0.43) and two types of NRTIs plus one type of INSTIs protocol (a OR=0.12, 95% CI: 0.03-0.57). Conclusions:The drug resistance rate of HIV-1 infected patients with ART failure was relatively higher in Henan Province in 2023. Strengthening the monitoring of HIV-1 drug resistance is of great significance to improve the ART effect of HIV-1 infected patients.

Objective To understand the current situation of the management of patients'self-provided infusion drugs in secondary and above general hospitals in China,and to provide a theoretical and practical basis for improving the management system.Methods The annual pharmacy professional quality control work survey conducted by the National Pharmaceutical Management Professional Quality Control Center was used to obtain information on the management of patients'self-provided infusion drugs in secondary and above general hospitals in 31 provinces(autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government)and the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps of Chinese mainland from 2020 to 2022,and was summarized and calculated using data-processing software.Results The total number of secondary and above general hospitals included in the analysis from 2020 to 2022 is 4 786,5 063 and 6 041,respectively.In 2022,compared with 2020,the percentage of hospitals allowing patients to use self-provided infused drugs decreased from 55.08％to 48.54％,the percentage of hospitals that have established a system for managing patients' self-provided drugs increased from 81.54％to 98.09％,and the percentage of hospitalized patients' use of self-provided drugs that are all documented in their medical orders increased from 79.76％to 90.72％.The types of drugs that hospitals allow patients to use for self-provided infusion are mainly antitumor drugs,the places where self-provided infusion drugs are dispensed are mainly clinical departments(wards),and the main source of self-provided infusion drugs is self-pickup by patients.Conclusion Hospitals should establish a management system for patients'self-provided drugs,strengthen the information management of self-provided infusion drugs,and ensure drug supply and medication safety for patients.