AIM:To elucidate the intervention and mechanism of 4'-hydroxychalcone(4-HC)in colitis mice through the regulation of Th17/Treg homeostasis.METHODS:Using a dextran sodium sulfate(DSS)-induced colitis model in mice,we meticulously observed the pathological characteristics of colon tissue via HE staining.Additionally,we employed immunohistochemical analysis and Western blot techniques to assess the expression levels of proteins associated with the JAK/STAT signaling pathway,as well as the specific content of tight junction proteins such as ZO-1 and occludin.The differentiation of Th17 and Treg cells was analyzed through flow cytometry.RESULTS:Compared to the normal group,the DSS group exhibited a consistent decline in body weight,coupled with symptoms of diarrhea and hematochezia,an increase in the DAI score,and a notable reduction in colon length.In contrast,the body weight of the 4-HC group dis-played an upward trend following an initial decrease,with improvements in diarrhea and hematochezia symptoms,a reduc-tion in the DAI score,and a restoration of colon length relative to the model group.The integrity of colon tissue in the 4-HC group was significantly better than that in the DSS group,evidenced by a marked increase in the number of goblet cells and an enhancement in crypt integrity,while the average histology score showed a decrease.Western blot analysis re-vealed substantial increase in ZO-1 and occludin expression after 4-HC treatment.Flow cytometry results indicated a dra-matic decrease in the differentiation rate of Th17 cells in spleen lymphocytes and mesenteric lymph nodes,while the dif-ferentiation rate of Treg cells was significantly elevated.Immunohistochemical and Western blot analyses demonstrated that 4-HC markedly reduced the phosphorylation of STAT1 and STAT3,while up-regulating the phosphorylation of STAT6,suggesting that 4-HC modulates CD4+T cell activity through the JAK-STAT pathway.CONCLUSION:The 4-HC may enhance the course of DSS-induced colitis in mice,alleviate colonic tissue damage,and modulate the balance be-tween Th17 and Treg cells,potentially involving the JAK/STAT signaling pathway.

AIM:To elucidate the intervention and mechanism of 4'-hydroxychalcone(4-HC)in colitis mice through the regulation of Th17/Treg homeostasis.METHODS:Using a dextran sodium sulfate(DSS)-induced colitis model in mice,we meticulously observed the pathological characteristics of colon tissue via HE staining.Additionally,we employed immunohistochemical analysis and Western blot techniques to assess the expression levels of proteins associated with the JAK/STAT signaling pathway,as well as the specific content of tight junction proteins such as ZO-1 and occludin.The differentiation of Th17 and Treg cells was analyzed through flow cytometry.RESULTS:Compared to the normal group,the DSS group exhibited a consistent decline in body weight,coupled with symptoms of diarrhea and hematochezia,an increase in the DAI score,and a notable reduction in colon length.In contrast,the body weight of the 4-HC group dis-played an upward trend following an initial decrease,with improvements in diarrhea and hematochezia symptoms,a reduc-tion in the DAI score,and a restoration of colon length relative to the model group.The integrity of colon tissue in the 4-HC group was significantly better than that in the DSS group,evidenced by a marked increase in the number of goblet cells and an enhancement in crypt integrity,while the average histology score showed a decrease.Western blot analysis re-vealed substantial increase in ZO-1 and occludin expression after 4-HC treatment.Flow cytometry results indicated a dra-matic decrease in the differentiation rate of Th17 cells in spleen lymphocytes and mesenteric lymph nodes,while the dif-ferentiation rate of Treg cells was significantly elevated.Immunohistochemical and Western blot analyses demonstrated that 4-HC markedly reduced the phosphorylation of STAT1 and STAT3,while up-regulating the phosphorylation of STAT6,suggesting that 4-HC modulates CD4+T cell activity through the JAK-STAT pathway.CONCLUSION:The 4-HC may enhance the course of DSS-induced colitis in mice,alleviate colonic tissue damage,and modulate the balance be-tween Th17 and Treg cells,potentially involving the JAK/STAT signaling pathway.

Objective To explore the the correlation between cystatin C(Cys C),beta-2 microglobulin(β2-MG)and ischemic cerebral small vessel disease(CSVD)and its subgroups.Methods Totally 234 patients with CSVD were assigned to the study group,and 92 elderly people with no abnormal findings in head MRI were selected as controls.The CSVD patients were further divided into the subgroups of lacunar infarction(LI),white matter lesion(WML)and LI+WML.Each group was compared risk factors include the blood level of Cys C and β2-MG.Results There were statistically significant differences between CSVD group and control group in cystatin C(Cys C)and β2-MG(P<0.05).Cystatin C(Cys C)and β2-MG there were statistically significant differences between WML group and control group(P<0.05),and also between WML+LI group and control group(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis and comparison across subgroups showed Cys C and β2-MG to be the common risk factors for WML group and WML+LI group inpatients with ischemic cerebral small vessel disease.Conclusion Cys C and β2-MG are the common risk factors for WML group and WML+LI group inpatients with ischemic cerebral small vessel disease.The risk factors vary across different CSVD subgroups.

Objective To investigate the application effect of a bedside ultrasound-guided intestinal cleaning program in patients with severe acute pancreatitis.Methods A total of 51 patients with severe acute pancreatitis admitted to the ICU of a tertiary A hospital in Shandong from March to September 2023 were selected by convenience sampling method,and they were divided into an experimental group and a control group according to random number table method.The experimental group was given the bedside ultrasound-guided intestinal cleaning program,and the control group was given the routine intestinal cleaning program.Acute gastrointestinal injury ultrasonography score,the incidence of grade Ⅲ acute gastrointestinal injury and intra-abdominal pressure were compared between the 2 groups before intervention,on the 3rd and 5th day.Results There was an interaction effect between time and group in the comparison of acute gastrointestinal injury ultrasonography scores in the 2 groups(F=7.478,P<0.001);simple effect analysis showed that acute gastrointestinal injury ultrasonography scores in the experimental group were lower than those in control group on the 3rd and 5th day,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The incidence of grade Ⅲ acute gastrointestinal injury in the experimental group(23%)was lower than that in the control group(60%),with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The intra-abdominal pressure had an interaction effect between the 2 groups(F=47.128,P<0.001);simple effect analysis showed that the intra-abdominal pressure in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group on the 3rd and 5th day,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Conclusion The bedside ultrasound-guided intestinal cleaning program can improve acute gastrointestinal injury and reduce intra-abdominal hypertension in patients with severe acute pancreatitis.

Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive mental and behavioral abnormalities, executive dysfunction, and language impairment. The initial symptoms of FTD are complex and diverse, which can be easily misdiagnosed, and there is an apparent genetic predisposition. Repeated expansion of chromosome 9 open reading frame 72( C9orf72) is a common genetic cause of FTD, but it is rarely reported. In this paper, we report a case of an elderly man with progressive memory loss, initially diagnosed as Alzheimer′s disease. The patient had a definite family history, but whole exome sequencing testing refinement revealed no apparent pathogenic mutation. The patient′s sister exhibited personality changes and language dysfunction, suggesting the possibility of frontotemporal dementia. The patient and her sister were tested for dynamic mutations in the C9orf72, and the results showed that the patient and her sister had an abnormal number of repeats in intron 1, GGGGCC, of the C9orf72. Both were ultimately diagnosed with frontotemporal dementia with C9orf72 mutation. Based on the report of this family, continued refinement of C9orf72 repeat expansion testing is recommended for familial dementia patients if whole exome sequencing is negative.

Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive mental and behavioral abnormalities, executive dysfunction, and language impairment. The initial symptoms of FTD are complex and diverse, which can be easily misdiagnosed, and there is an apparent genetic predisposition. Repeated expansion of chromosome 9 open reading frame 72( C9orf72) is a common genetic cause of FTD, but it is rarely reported. In this paper, we report a case of an elderly man with progressive memory loss, initially diagnosed as Alzheimer′s disease. The patient had a definite family history, but whole exome sequencing testing refinement revealed no apparent pathogenic mutation. The patient′s sister exhibited personality changes and language dysfunction, suggesting the possibility of frontotemporal dementia. The patient and her sister were tested for dynamic mutations in the C9orf72, and the results showed that the patient and her sister had an abnormal number of repeats in intron 1, GGGGCC, of the C9orf72. Both were ultimately diagnosed with frontotemporal dementia with C9orf72 mutation. Based on the report of this family, continued refinement of C9orf72 repeat expansion testing is recommended for familial dementia patients if whole exome sequencing is negative.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the improvement effect and mechanism of different extracts from Tylophora yunnanensis on non-alcoholic steatohepatitis （NASH）. METHODS Normal human liver LO2 cells were induced to steatosis by free fatty acid， then were divided into normal group， model group， silybin group （100 μmol/mL）， T. yunnanensis ethanol extracts （TYS） group （50 μg/mL）， T. yunnanensis ethyl acetate extracts （TYSA） group （50 μg/mL）， and T. yunnanensis n-butanol extracts （TYSB） group （50 μg/mL）. After 24 hours of drug intervention， the deposition of lipid droplets was observed in LO2 cells in each group. The contents of total cholesterol （TC）， triacylglycerol （TG）， malondialdehyde （MDA） and glutathione （GSH）， the activities of aspartate transaminase （AST）， alanine transaminase （ALT） and superoxide dismutase （SOD）， the mRNA expressions of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1（ Keap1）， nuclear factor E2-related factor 2（ Nrf2） and heme oxygenase 1（ HO- 1） were detected. NASH rat model was induced by a high-fat diet， and then divided into normal group， model group， silybin group （12.6 mg/kg）， TYS group （80 mg/kg）， TYSA group （80 mg/kg） and TYSB group （80 mg/kg）， with six rats in each group. The liver indexes of rats in each group were calculated after 6 weeks of drug intervention. The liver histopathological changes were observed， and the contents of TC， TG， HDL-C and LDL-C， AST and ALT activities in serum， the contents of MDA and GSH， SOD activities in liver tissue were detected. RESULTS Compared with model group， TYS， TYSA and TYSB could reduce lipid droplet deposition， intracellular TC， TG and MDA contents， AST and ALT activities， and increase SOD activity， GSH content， and Keap1， Nrf2， HO-1 mRNA expression levels in LO2 cells after steatosis to varying degrees， with some differences being statistically significant （P＜0.05）. They also significantly improved liver injury in NASH model rats， reduced their liver indexes， TC， TG， LDL-C and MDA contents， AST and ALT 1-042） activities， and increased HDL-C （except for TYS and TYSB）， GSH contents and SOD activity， with TYSA having the most significant effect （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS TYS， TYSA and TYSB have a certain improvement effect on NASH， among which TYSA has the most obvious effect. Its mechanism of action may be related to upregulating the Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway and inhibiting oxidative stress

Objective     To explore the relationship between preoperative fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) in type 2 diabetic patients undergoing elective thoracoscopic lung resection, and provide a reference for prediction and prevention of PPCs in the clinic. Methods     A retrospective analysis was performed on the type 2 diabetic patients who underwent elective thoracoscopic lung resection for the first time in our hospital from January 2017 to March 2021. According to the level of FPG one day before the operation, the patients were divided into three groups: a hypoglycemia group (<6.1 mmol/L), a medium level blood glucose group (≥6.1 mmol/L and <8.0 mmol/L) and a high blood glucose group (≥8.0 mmol/L). Besides, the patients were divided into a PPCs group and a non-PPCs group according to whether PPCs occurred. The risk factors for PPCs were analyzed by logistic regression analysis, and the predictive value of preoperative FPG level on PPCs was estimated by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Results     A total of 130 patients were included, including 75 (57.7%) males and 55 (42.3%) females with an average age of 63.5±9.0 years. Logistic regression analysis showed that compared to non-PPCs patients, the level of preoperative FPG (P=0.023) and smoking history ratio (P=0.036) were higher and the operation time was longer (P=0.004) in the PPCs patients. High FPG level on preoperative day 1 and longer operation time were associated with PPCs risk. Besides, the preoperative FPG of 6.79 mmol/L was the threshold value to predict the occurrence of PPCs [AUC=0.653, 95%CI (0.559, 0.747), P=0.003]. Conclusion     There is a certain correlation between preoperative FPG level and postoperative PPCs, which may be used as an index to predict the occurrence of PPCs.

OBJECTIVE To study the improvement effects of different polar parts fro m total f lavonoids of Scutellaria amoena on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD）model rats. METHODS The total flavonoids of S. amoena （SAF）were extracted by reflux extraction with ethanol ，suspended with water ，and then extracted with ethyl acetate and n-butanol in order to obtain the extraction parts of SAF （recorded as SAFA and SAFB respectively ）. Thirty-six rats were randomly divided into normal group （n＝ 6）and modeling group （n＝30）. Modeling group was given high-lipid diet to induce NAFLD model. After modeling ，modeling group was randomly divided into model group （normal saline ），fenofibrate group （positive control ，20 mg/kg），SAF group （300 mg/kg），SAFA group （300 mg/kg）and SAFB group （300 mg/kg）；they were given relevant intragastical administration ，once a day，for consecutive 6 weeks. After last administration ，the liver index was calculated ；the levels of total cholesterol （TC）， triacylglycerol（TG），aspartate transaminase （AST），alanine transaminase （ALT），high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C）， low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C） in serum ，the levels of superoxide dismutase （SOD），glutathione peroxidase （GSH-Px），malondialdehyde（MDA），interleukin-1β（IL-1β），IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α）in liver tissue were detected；the pathomorphological changes of liver tissue were observed. RESULTS Compared with normal group ，the liver index ， the levels of TC ，TG，AST，ALT，LDL-C，MDA，IL-1β， IL-6 and TNF-α in serum/liver tissue of model group were all increased significantly （P＜0.05）， while the levels of HDL-C，SOD and GSH-Px were all decreased significantly （P＜0.05）. Compared with model group ，except there was no statistical significance in the serum levels of HDL-C and ALT in SAFA group （P＞0.05），above indexes in serum/liver tissue of rats in groups of polar parts from total flavonoids of S. amoena were significantly improved （P＜0.05）；inflammatory cell infiltration and fatty vacuoles in liver tissue were significantly improved. Compared with SAF group and SAFA group ，the levels of TC，TG，AST，MDA，IL-6 and TNF-α were decreased significantly in SAFB group（P＜0.05），while the level of SOD was increased significantly （P＜0.05）；pathomorphological changes of liver tissue were improved more significantly. CONCLUSIONS Each polar part from total flavonoids of S. amoena can improve NAFLD by regulating oxidative stress and inhibiting the secretion of inflammatory factors. The n-butanol polar part has more obvious effect .

Objective:To explore the effects of early-life maternal deprivation on depressive-like behavior and neurogenesis in the granular layer of hippocampus in adolescent rats (6-7 weeks old).Methods:Neonatal rats were randomly divided into maternal deprivation group and control group, with 3 litters in each group.Rats in the maternal deprivation group were given maternal deprivation from 1 to 14 days after birth and rats in the control group were caged with the mother rats and raised normally.The body weight of rats at 5-6 weeks old was recorded and the increased body weight was calculated.When the rats were 6 weeks old, the sucrose preference test was carried out.Then the rats were killed and immunofluorescence histochemistry was applied to compare the expression of Ki67 and Nestin positive cells in the dentate gyrus of hippocampus.SPSS 22.0 software was used for statistical analysis.The data of the two groups were tested to conform to the normal distribution, and then t-test was carried out. Results:There was significant difference in body weight growth between the two groups at the age of 5-6 weeks.Compared with the control group, rats in the maternal deprivation group had lower body weight growth ((20.57±2.19) g, (30.57±1.25) g, t=3.96, P<0.01)) and lower sucrose preference rate((58.38±53.14)%, (73.88±3.67)%, t=3.21, P<0.01). The results of immunofluorescence showed that the number of Ki67 positive cells in the granular layer of hippocampus in the maternal deprivation group was less than that in the control group ((5.13±0.31), (7.60±0.38), t=5.09, P<0.01), and the number of Nestin immunofluorescence positive cells was more than that in the control group ((16.65±0.79), (7.64±0.70), t=8.51, P<0.01). The Nestin immunofluorescence positive cells in the maternal deprivation group had more protrusions and branches, and the morphology was similar to astrocytes, while the immunofluorescence positive cells in the control group had fewer protrusions, and the cell body was oval. Conclusions:Early-life maternal deprivation leads to depressive-like behavior in adolescent rats, which may be associated with the decrease of neurogenesis and activation of astrocytes in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus.