This paper summarized and analyzed various characteristics of meridians and acupoints and their detection technologies in the past 5 years,which screened on PubMed,CNKI(China National Knowledge Infrastructure)database,and Wanfang database.Current studies are primarily focus on the electrical,thermal,and optical characteristics of meridians and acupoints.Utilizing modern technology,devices designed to detect these characteristics have been applied in selecting acupoints,assisting diagnosis,reflecting the effectiveness of acupuncture,and conducting health assessments.The use of external detection devices to explore the physical properties of meridians and acupoints provides more precise technical feedback for substantial research into these areas.However,future efforts must strengthen the comprehensive exploration of meridian and acupoint characteristics and foster interdisciplinary technological integration.This approach will enable a positive development cycle of"detection-feedback-relearning"in the research of meridian and acupoint characteristics.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the inhibitory effect mechanism of Anzheng Kangliu Decoction against colorectal cancer by suppressing glycolysis through regulation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)signaling pathway.METHODS Human colorectal cancer SW620 cells were treated with Anzheng Kangliu De-coction,and cell proliferation and migration abilities were assessed.Forty-two BALB/c nude mice were randomly divided into a blank control group,model group,5-fluorouracil(5-FU)group(0.025 g·kg-1),Anzheng Kangliu Decoction low-dose group(7.67 g·kg-1),medium-dose group(15.34 g·kg-1),and high-dose group(30.68 g·kg-1).The inhibitory effect of Anzheng Kan-gliu Decoction on subcutaneous xenograft tumors was evaluated by observing body weight,tumor volume,tumor mass,HE staining,im-munohistochemical staining of Ki67 and other indicators.High-throughput transcriptome sequencing was performed to identify differen-tially expressed genes and pathways in tumor tissues between the model group and the Anzheng Kangliu Decoction medium-dose group,elucidating the potential mechanism of Anzheng Kangliu Decoction against colorectal cancer.Glucose and lactate assay kits were used to measure glucose consumption and lactate production in SW620 cells and tumor tissues after Anzheng Kangliu Decoction intervention.Western blot was employed to detect the expression levels of p-PI3K/PI3K,p-Akt/Akt,p-mTOR/mTOR,hexokinase 2(HK2),and lactate dehydrogenase A(LDHA)in SW620 cells and tumor tissues following Anzheng Kangliu Decoction treatment.RE-SULTS In vitro cell experiments demonstrated that,compared with the blank control group,Anzheng Kangliu Decoction intervention significantly inhibited the proliferation and migration of SW620 cells(P<0.01),reduced glucose consumption and lactate production(P<0.05,P<0.01),and downregulated the protein expression levels of p-PI3K/PI3K,p-Akt/Akt,p-mTOR/mTOR,HK2,and LDHA(P<0.05,P<0.01).In vivo animal experiments revealed that,compared with the model group,Anzheng Kangliu Decoction suppressed the growth of subcutaneous xenograft tumors in nude mice(P<0.01),increased tumor tissue necrosis,decreased glucose consumption and lactate production in tumor tissues(P<0.05,P<0.01),and reduced the protein expression levels of p-PI3K/PI3K,p-Akt/Akt,p-mTOR/mTOR,HK2,and LDHA(P<0.05,P<0.01).CONCLUSION Anzheng Kangliu Decoction exerts an in-hibitory effect on colorectal cancer,and its mechanism may be associated with the suppression of glycolysis through regulation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.

AIM:To explore the effect and mecha-nism of ethanol extract of Angelica sinensis(Oliv.)Diels(EEA)on cell proliferation and apoptosis in B16-F10 melanoma cells.METHODS:Cell viability was analyzed by MTT method.Cell proliferation was detected by colony formation assay.The invert-ed microscope was used to observe the changes of cell growth confluence and morphology.Hoechst 33342 staining was used to detect cell apoptosis.Flow cytometry(FCM)was used to detect cell cycle and apoptosis.Transmission electron microscopy(TEM)was used to observe the changes of cell mi-tochondrial structure.Western blot was used to de-tect the expression levels of cell cycle,apoptosis,mitochondrial biogenesis,and mitochondrial dy-namics-related proteins.RESULTS:Compared with the blank control group,the cell viability of B16-F10 melanoma cells was reduced after EEA(10-400μg/mL)treatment for 24 h and 48 h,respectively(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).The decreased cell growth conflu-ence,morphological changes such as shrinkage,rounding,and reduction in the volume,and apop-totic morphologic changes such as chromatin con-densation were observed after EEA(100 μg/mL and 200 μg/mL)treatment for 24 h.The number of cell clones was decreased after EEA(10-200 μg/mL)treatment for 14 d(P＜0.01).The morphology of mitochondria became more round and shorter,and the inner mitochondrial matrices were either damaged or absent after 200 μg/mL EEA treatment for 24 h.The ratio of cells in G0/G1 phase and the early apoptosis rate of cells were higher than those of the blank control group(P＜0.01)after EEA(20-200 μg/mL)treatment for 24 h.Western blot re-sults showed that compared with the blank control group,the protein expression levels of cleaved cas-pase-9,Bax,DRP1,and FIS1 were up-regulated(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),and the protein expression levels of cyclin D1,cyclin E,CDK2,CDK4,Bcl-2,Bad,Bcl-XL,SIRT1,PGC-1α,NRF1,TFAM,MFN2,and OPA1 were down-regulated(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).CONCLUSION:EEA has an inhibitory effect on the proliferation of B16-F10 melanoma cells,which may be related to the induction of G1/S cell cycle arrest and mito-chondrial apoptotic pathway,and the disruption of mitochondrial biogenesis and mitochondrial dy-namics.

This paper summarized and analyzed various characteristics of meridians and acupoints and their detection technologies in the past 5 years,which screened on PubMed,CNKI(China National Knowledge Infrastructure)database,and Wanfang database.Current studies are primarily focus on the electrical,thermal,and optical characteristics of meridians and acupoints.Utilizing modern technology,devices designed to detect these characteristics have been applied in selecting acupoints,assisting diagnosis,reflecting the effectiveness of acupuncture,and conducting health assessments.The use of external detection devices to explore the physical properties of meridians and acupoints provides more precise technical feedback for substantial research into these areas.However,future efforts must strengthen the comprehensive exploration of meridian and acupoint characteristics and foster interdisciplinary technological integration.This approach will enable a positive development cycle of"detection-feedback-relearning"in the research of meridian and acupoint characteristics.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the inhibitory effect mechanism of Anzheng Kangliu Decoction against colorectal cancer by suppressing glycolysis through regulation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)signaling pathway.METHODS Human colorectal cancer SW620 cells were treated with Anzheng Kangliu De-coction,and cell proliferation and migration abilities were assessed.Forty-two BALB/c nude mice were randomly divided into a blank control group,model group,5-fluorouracil(5-FU)group(0.025 g·kg-1),Anzheng Kangliu Decoction low-dose group(7.67 g·kg-1),medium-dose group(15.34 g·kg-1),and high-dose group(30.68 g·kg-1).The inhibitory effect of Anzheng Kan-gliu Decoction on subcutaneous xenograft tumors was evaluated by observing body weight,tumor volume,tumor mass,HE staining,im-munohistochemical staining of Ki67 and other indicators.High-throughput transcriptome sequencing was performed to identify differen-tially expressed genes and pathways in tumor tissues between the model group and the Anzheng Kangliu Decoction medium-dose group,elucidating the potential mechanism of Anzheng Kangliu Decoction against colorectal cancer.Glucose and lactate assay kits were used to measure glucose consumption and lactate production in SW620 cells and tumor tissues after Anzheng Kangliu Decoction intervention.Western blot was employed to detect the expression levels of p-PI3K/PI3K,p-Akt/Akt,p-mTOR/mTOR,hexokinase 2(HK2),and lactate dehydrogenase A(LDHA)in SW620 cells and tumor tissues following Anzheng Kangliu Decoction treatment.RE-SULTS In vitro cell experiments demonstrated that,compared with the blank control group,Anzheng Kangliu Decoction intervention significantly inhibited the proliferation and migration of SW620 cells(P<0.01),reduced glucose consumption and lactate production(P<0.05,P<0.01),and downregulated the protein expression levels of p-PI3K/PI3K,p-Akt/Akt,p-mTOR/mTOR,HK2,and LDHA(P<0.05,P<0.01).In vivo animal experiments revealed that,compared with the model group,Anzheng Kangliu Decoction suppressed the growth of subcutaneous xenograft tumors in nude mice(P<0.01),increased tumor tissue necrosis,decreased glucose consumption and lactate production in tumor tissues(P<0.05,P<0.01),and reduced the protein expression levels of p-PI3K/PI3K,p-Akt/Akt,p-mTOR/mTOR,HK2,and LDHA(P<0.05,P<0.01).CONCLUSION Anzheng Kangliu Decoction exerts an in-hibitory effect on colorectal cancer,and its mechanism may be associated with the suppression of glycolysis through regulation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.

AIM:To explore the effect and mecha-nism of ethanol extract of Angelica sinensis(Oliv.)Diels(EEA)on cell proliferation and apoptosis in B16-F10 melanoma cells.METHODS:Cell viability was analyzed by MTT method.Cell proliferation was detected by colony formation assay.The invert-ed microscope was used to observe the changes of cell growth confluence and morphology.Hoechst 33342 staining was used to detect cell apoptosis.Flow cytometry(FCM)was used to detect cell cycle and apoptosis.Transmission electron microscopy(TEM)was used to observe the changes of cell mi-tochondrial structure.Western blot was used to de-tect the expression levels of cell cycle,apoptosis,mitochondrial biogenesis,and mitochondrial dy-namics-related proteins.RESULTS:Compared with the blank control group,the cell viability of B16-F10 melanoma cells was reduced after EEA(10-400μg/mL)treatment for 24 h and 48 h,respectively(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).The decreased cell growth conflu-ence,morphological changes such as shrinkage,rounding,and reduction in the volume,and apop-totic morphologic changes such as chromatin con-densation were observed after EEA(100 μg/mL and 200 μg/mL)treatment for 24 h.The number of cell clones was decreased after EEA(10-200 μg/mL)treatment for 14 d(P＜0.01).The morphology of mitochondria became more round and shorter,and the inner mitochondrial matrices were either damaged or absent after 200 μg/mL EEA treatment for 24 h.The ratio of cells in G0/G1 phase and the early apoptosis rate of cells were higher than those of the blank control group(P＜0.01)after EEA(20-200 μg/mL)treatment for 24 h.Western blot re-sults showed that compared with the blank control group,the protein expression levels of cleaved cas-pase-9,Bax,DRP1,and FIS1 were up-regulated(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),and the protein expression levels of cyclin D1,cyclin E,CDK2,CDK4,Bcl-2,Bad,Bcl-XL,SIRT1,PGC-1α,NRF1,TFAM,MFN2,and OPA1 were down-regulated(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).CONCLUSION:EEA has an inhibitory effect on the proliferation of B16-F10 melanoma cells,which may be related to the induction of G1/S cell cycle arrest and mito-chondrial apoptotic pathway,and the disruption of mitochondrial biogenesis and mitochondrial dy-namics.

OBJECTIVE To systematically evaluate the effectiveness of different treatment regimens as first-line treatment for metastatic urothelial carcinoma （UC） using a network meta-analysis （NMA） approach. METHODS Electronic databases including PubMed， the Cochrane Library， Embase， Wanfang Data， CNKI， and VIP were searched for randomized controlled clinical trials （RCTs） on first-line treatment for metastatic UC from January 1， 2010 to January 31， 2024. After literature screening and data extraction， a risk of bias assessment of included studies was conducted. R software （version 4.3.2） was used to perform the NMA. RESULTS A total of 11 RCTs involving 14 treatment interventions were included. No significant differences were noted in objective response rate among groups， with the combination of pembrolizumab， gemcitabine and cisplatin having the highest probability of ranking first. Regarding progression-free survival （PFS） and overall survival （OS）， no significant differences were observed among groups， while enfortumab vedotin combined with pembrolizumab showed a trend towards better PFS extension compared to gemcitabine combined with cisplatin [HR＝0.45， 95%CI（0.20，1.06）， P＝0.049]， and it had the highest probability of ranking first in both PFS and OS. CONCLUSIONS The combination of enfortumab vedotin and pembrolizumab may have an advantage in prolonging survival in the first-line treatments for metastatic UC.

Based on the compound pathogenesis theory of malignant tumor,this article combines the theories of positive-evil,yin-yang,and central qi theories with the theory of cancer toxin,pointing out that the deficiency of positive and excess of evil are the basis for the onset of tumors.The pathogenesis characteristics of tumors are the loss of both yin and yang,stagnation of qi,and cancer toxin deeply lurking.The paper believes that the loss of both yin and yang often originates from the spleen and kidney,stagnation of qi is first blamed on the spleen and stomach,and cancer toxin deeply lurking often accompanies multiple evil qi.Based on this,the detoxi-cation method of warming and nourishing is proposed to treat malignant tumors.It is the combination or sequential application of the three methods of warming,nourishing,and detoxification,which play the role of warming and nourishing together,harmonizing yin and yang;promoting the circulation of qi,relieving depression,and regulating emotions;eliminating cancer and toxin,and breaking the combined evil.

A 67-year-old male patient with intrahepatic bile duct carcinoma was treated with oxaliplatin (hepatic artery perfusion)+gemcitabine (hepatic artery perfusion)+camrelizumab (intravenous infusion)+apatinib (oral). Platelet count (PLT) decline (49×10 9/L) was observed after 2 months (apatinib had been discontinued by himself), which was improved after platelet elevating therapy. Due to multiple tumor metastases, bevacizumab (hepatic arterial perfusion, once per 30 days) was added. Before bevacizumab treatment, PLT and coagulation function of the patient were basically no abnormalities. After 2 cycles of treatments, the PLT was 101×10 9/L and prothrombin time was 14.1 s. Considering the high risk of bleeding in interventional therapy, oxaliplatin and gemcitabine were discontinued, and bevacizumab administration was changed to intravenous infusion. PLT and coagulation function were not improved. Six days after the 5th dose of bevacizumab, the patient had intermittent hematemesis twice (about 300 ml). Laboratory tests showed PLT 75×10 9/L and prothrombin time 15.8 s. The patient was diagnosed with digestive tract hemorrhage. Fasting and water restriction was performed, and gastric acid suppression, hemostasis, parenteral nutrition, etc. were given. The patient had no hematemesis but intermittent black stool. Gastroscopy indicated duodenal ulcer accompanied by bleeding. Rabeprazole and sucralfate were added. Fasting was stopped and liquid diet was given. The next day, the patient had blood in the stool, and the bleeding of the lower digestive tract was judged to be related to camrelizumab and bevacizumab. The bleeding symptoms were slightly improved after treatments with arterial embolization hemostasis and type A cryopprecipitation coagulation factor, etc. Later, the patient had repeated bleeding condition, and finally died despite of rescue efforts.

A 67-year-old male patient with intrahepatic bile duct carcinoma was treated with oxaliplatin (hepatic artery perfusion)+gemcitabine (hepatic artery perfusion)+camrelizumab (intravenous infusion)+apatinib (oral). Platelet count (PLT) decline (49×10 9/L) was observed after 2 months (apatinib had been discontinued by himself), which was improved after platelet elevating therapy. Due to multiple tumor metastases, bevacizumab (hepatic arterial perfusion, once per 30 days) was added. Before bevacizumab treatment, PLT and coagulation function of the patient were basically no abnormalities. After 2 cycles of treatments, the PLT was 101×10 9/L and prothrombin time was 14.1 s. Considering the high risk of bleeding in interventional therapy, oxaliplatin and gemcitabine were discontinued, and bevacizumab administration was changed to intravenous infusion. PLT and coagulation function were not improved. Six days after the 5th dose of bevacizumab, the patient had intermittent hematemesis twice (about 300 ml). Laboratory tests showed PLT 75×10 9/L and prothrombin time 15.8 s. The patient was diagnosed with digestive tract hemorrhage. Fasting and water restriction was performed, and gastric acid suppression, hemostasis, parenteral nutrition, etc. were given. The patient had no hematemesis but intermittent black stool. Gastroscopy indicated duodenal ulcer accompanied by bleeding. Rabeprazole and sucralfate were added. Fasting was stopped and liquid diet was given. The next day, the patient had blood in the stool, and the bleeding of the lower digestive tract was judged to be related to camrelizumab and bevacizumab. The bleeding symptoms were slightly improved after treatments with arterial embolization hemostasis and type A cryopprecipitation coagulation factor, etc. Later, the patient had repeated bleeding condition, and finally died despite of rescue efforts.